US1757198A - Pulsator for milking machines and the like - Google Patents

Description

May 6, 1930.

Filed Feb. l, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet "1 aiq Na 0 645 n M mw 9 G 6 I w 3 Nb 1 4 g Q a 9A V 42 P4, f/ 5 7 0 fi a w w W 6 3 WW. 9

May 6, 1930.

G. E. JONSS'ON 1,757,198

PULSATOR FOR MILKING MACHINES AND THE LIKE Filed Feb. 1, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. G E JONSSON- y mas.

5 uum, vwhereby the pressure difference needed Patented May 6, 1930 v UNITED- sir-Ares PATENT mes GUSTAI EMIL Jonssori, or'HALMs'rAn, SWEDEN rutsnron iron MiLKIZN'G Miicnmns AND THE LIKE Application fildre'bruar 1, 1929. Serial No. 336,769.

The present invention relates to pulsators for use in connection with apparatus driven by a fluid pressure difi'erence, for instance milking-machine's driven by means of vacfor the continuous operation of the machine is established between said vacuum and the atmospheric pressure. It is to be understood", however, that the, invention is not limited to m pulsators of this kind, and any pressure difference whatever may be used for the actu ation' of the same.

The mainobject of the invention is to provide for an effective shutting oii of the higher pressure by means of the valve: members forming a part of the pulsator and generally to increase the; reliability of function by simpler means of construction, whereby the reversal ofthe valves is performed by the intermediary of a spring pressure acting alternately on both of the valves throughout the whole closing periods of the same. 7

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein Fig. I shows thepulsat'orseen from above after removal ofthe top closing. cap.

Figs. 2 and 3 are sectional views at the lines IIH and TIL-III inFig. 1 respectively. f

Fig. 4:,- in the same section as Fig. 2, shows modified embodiment of invention and the mounting of the apparatus on the lid of a milk can, and p i Fig. 5 shows a top plan view of Fig. 45

i drawn to a somewhat smallerscale.

Referring to the Figures; 1-3 the pulsator consists of a housing I provided with a removable bottom cover or base plate 7v Intema t'he'housing' 1- is provided with: tWo'par-f member, and a: low pressure outlet 7 foam ing a seat for the under side of said valve member The high pressure inlets 6 stand in permanent communication with the atmosphere, or generally with the source oi": higher pressure, whereby the top closing cap 8 is provided with a suitable number of holes 9 for suchpurpose, and the low pressure outlets 7 by means of suitable bores stand in permanent communication with the source of low pressure, which in this instance can be considered consisting of avacuum pipe 1O (compare especially Fig; 3). At a level between the high pressure inlet and the low l pressure outlet each of the valve chambers 3 by means of suitable channels (as-indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1) stands in connection with a piping 11 11 leading to the machine to be driven, and in case ofmilking-machines said pipings 11 are connected with the teat cups. 5

The constructional parts described above .are previously 'known and form theselves no chara-cteristical feature of the invention.

It is the main object of the invention to provide for aresilient closing pressure, which actsupon the valve members throughout the closing periods of the same, and it will be unv derstood from the following that said closing pressure is gradually increased up to that moment in which the instantaneous reversal Q of the valve members takes place.

Each of the valve spindles 5 is hingedly connected with a crank lever 12, and the tWo crank levers concerned are aflixed to, or carried out in one piece with,- a sleeve-shaped member 13 supported by a bearing pin '14. Thecrank levers extend towards opposite sidesfrelatively to the bearing pin, and consequently one valve member will movetup- Wardly for closing the correspondinghigh F pressure inlet when the. other moves down for closing the low pressureoutlet,; and vice versa.;

At theilower e-nd, the housing lgis provided with a diaphragm; the edges of which are preferably secured'by means of the base plate 2, which means of a suitable screw connection (not shown) is aifix'ed to the under side of the housing. Atthesides-facirig each other, the housing 1 and the base plate 2 are parts. The chamber part at hand above the diaphragm stands in communication with the atmosphere, and the chamber part below the diaphragm by means of a channel 1? (Fig. 2) standsin communication with one of the valve chambers 3. I

The diaphragm is connected with an upwardly extending guiding spindle 18 guided in a corresponding bore within the housing 1, and the under side of the diaphragm is acted upon in an upward direction by means of a spring 19. Further the diaphragm, suitably by the intermediary of thespindle 18, is connected with a downwardly extending piston rod 20, the lower end of which carries a dash-pot piston 21 reciprocably mounted within a corresponding cylinder '22 formed within the base plate 2 and closed by means of a suitable cover 23. The upper end of the cylinder 22is also provided with a bottom serving as an abutment forlimiting the travel of the dash-pot piston in an upward direction, an adjustment of the amount of travel in that direction being providedior in such a manner that the piston rod is carried out in the form of a screw which may, more or less, be screwed into a corresponding threaded bore in the spindle 18. The spindle 18 is connected to the centre of the diaphragm by means of flanges and a nut for pressing such flanges together in a manner easily understood from Fig. 2. c l r The spindle 18 is connected with an upstanding leaf spring 24, the upper free endof which is provided with a triangular head 25, which by means of the spring action is permanently pressed towards the central axis of the apparatus, 1. 0. towards the bearing pm 14. One edge of said head is facing inwardly and positioned in the path of movement of a roll 26 or thelike antifriction device supported by a suitable bearing pin affixed tion above that the spring 2% tending to press the head 25 inwardly, duetolthe triangular shape of said head, will also'tend to press the roll 26 downwardly in the position of the parts shown in Fig. 2, and after reversal of the valve members the opposite face of the head 25 will tend to press the roll 26 upwardly in the same manner. This upward and downward pressure on the roll 26 will cause a corresponding pressure on the valve members against their seats, and itwill'be understood that this closing pressure acting upon the valves will be increased towards the moment of reversal, since the head 26 moves up and down together with the diaphragm and thereby the head is pressed outwardly on account of contactagainst the roll 26, the reversal taking place just when the working edge of the head passes the extreme outer generatrix of the roll. I

Themanner of action is as follows W hen assuming that the constructional parts are in the position shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the vacuum at hand in the pipe 10 by means of the right hand valve l in Fig. 3 (same as the valve shown in: Fig. 2) is transmitted to the corresponding pipe 11, the other pipe 11 by meansof the other valve being in communication with the atmosphere. By the channel 17 the right hand valve chamber is also in communication with the space beneath the diaphragm 15, and therefore a vacuum is also created in said space. Oonsequently'the diaphragm moves down, and when the working ed ge of the head 25 passes the outer gen eratrix of the roll 26 the crank levers 12 are instantaneously tilted into a reverse position due to the action. of the spring 24, so that the valves 4 are reversed. Then the right hand valve closes towards the vacuum pipe and opens to the atmosphere, and thereby the atmospheric pressure by means of the channel 17 is introduced intothe space beneath the diaphragm, simultaneously as. the pressure conditions within the pipes '11 are reversed. hen admitting the atmospheric pressure beneath the diaphragm, the spring 19 moves the same .upwardly,'and thereby the head 25 is also raised until it passes the outer generatric of the roll 26 again, at which point'another reversal of the valves takes place, and

so on. j V

As to the dash-potmechanism described, the main'object oi ithesame is to prevent the apparatus from .rushing, or in other words to obtain too great a frequency of pulsations. It has been found in practice, that the known pulsators are not quite safe in that respect, and in many instances a rather small variation of the pressures employed, i. e. an increase of the'vacuum, will cause the rushing of the pulsator. Especially in combination with milking-machines, such rushing of the pulsator has a 1 very dangerous and injurious elfect on the udders of the cows and must positively be prevented.

On the other hand the dash-pot has for its secondary object to make it possible, if desired, to vary the frequency of the pulsations. As far as .milking-machines are concerned; the frequency need generally not to he varied, when once adjusted, but thepulsator according to the inventionis not limited to the use in combination with milking machines only, as hinted at above, and in other combinations thepossibility of variation may be useful. Then, the; variation may be performed in the usual manner'by enlarging or diminishing the free open area of the channel means interconnecting the cyclinder chambers at oppositesides of the dash-pot piston. The means used for such purpose are well known in the art and need no de scription in this connection; f

Finallyit is also to be understood, that the retarding efiect of the dash-pot will have no influence on the instantaneous reversal of the valve positions, and it can neither relieve i the closing pressure transmitted to the valves from the spring 24:.

In the embodiment of invention shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the same reference letters are used on corresponding parts of construction. The construction of the apparatus itself is substantially the same as described above, but a difference is to be found therein that the channel 17 in the housing 1 communicates with an annular groove 17 provided in the base plate and connected with the space below the diaphragm 15 by means of one or more radial bores 17 The main difference is that the parts of the apparatus are not screwed together but simply placed in contact with each other, whereby they are pressed together by means of a spring washer abutting against the handle of the milk can lid on which the apparatus is mounted.

cup-shaped recess A of such a cross sectional,

shape that the bottom end of the pulsator can be inserted therein. The bottom end of 7 the dash-pot cylinder 22 is open, and the part A forms a container around the same, which container 1s in permanent communication with the cylinder 22.

When mounting the apparatus on the can lid, the recess therein is partly filled with a dash-pot fluid, which in this instance preferably consists of water. The parts of the apparatus, i. e. the base plate, the housing and the top closing cap, are placed in contact with each other, whereafter the whole assembly is inserted in the recess A and it is to be noted that said recess is of such a depth that the lower end of the housing is partly submer ed therein. Thereafter the spring washer is placed on the top closing cap, for which purpose the washer is preferably provided with a hole surrounding an upstanding portion of said cap, and the position at first assumed by the washer is in an angle to that shown in Fig. 5. Thereafter the washer is turned, so that the ends of the same enter below the abutments B and for ensuring a rigid connection the ends of the spring washer C are somewhat recessed as shown at. C, so that the washer cannot by inadvertency be turned loose again. Other securing means may, of course, also be used, but the resiliency of the washer is suflicient in most cases. A packing aliea masuuper i as l ia i is suitably interposed between the under side of the base plate and a corresponding .Ofiset portion'ofthe recess r-A as shown in Fig. i.

It will easily be understood, that by the means just describedthe apparatus may easily be mounted and? dismounted, and after dis mounting, the par-ts of the same maybe laid apart for the. purpose of adjustment and inspection.- The dash pot fluid w'illnot be removed simultaneously with the apparatus, and it remains in the recess A wherein it may be renewed if desired. Since the clashpot fluid ist-hus laidopen at the dismounting of theapparatus, itmay preferably consist of clean water, so as not to add any impurities to the milk'in case it should. come in contact with the latter. The dash-pot fluid in the embodiment-according to Figs. Qand 3 need not beof'such a kind and may consist of an oil, as usual. 1

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patentis 1. In a pulsator of the character described, two valve members positioned in separate valve chambers provided each witha. high pressure inlet anda low pressure outlet and adapted-"alternately to close said inlet; and outlet respectively, interconnection means between the 'valve members and controlling them so that they take a reverse position in their chambers, a diaphragm subjected at V one'side-to the lower pressure, spring means actingupon the diaphragm in opposition the higher pressure, means for intermlttent- 1y subjecting the opposite side'of the diaphragm to the lower pressure, a leaf spring 7 connected with the diaphragm, a triangular head carried by. the free end ofsaidleai' spring, an antitriction'means connected with the. inter-connection means between the valves and positioned the path of movementof the-saidtri'angular head, and das'hpot means connected with the diaphragm and adapted for controlling the action of the leaf spring causing the reversal, of the valves by theintermediary of saida-nti'triction means.

2 In a pulsator'of the character described, a housing for supporting substantially all of the movable f members: of the: pulsation mechanism, a. top closing cap positioned at the upper end of the housing and provided w th means for establishing a permanentcom 'munication between the atmosphere and the interior of said housing, a: base plate; pesi tioned at the lower. end of the;.-housing; and formmg an air tight covei" t-hereon,,a. can

"lid provide d with an exterior. r'ece'ssi-fior tak ing up the. lower part ofthe-pulsartor, :1; Iran dleiafltxed to said can: lidar'id provided with abutments, and .aspr-i-ng; w'asher means ed by its central portion; to press on the; top closingcap when" the ends cf. the washer: are placed in contaetwith said abutments. I 3 I a;pulsaator.atthe character d movable members of the 1 pulsation mechanism, a perforated top closing cap positioned at the upper end of said housing, acbase plate positioned at the lower end of thehousing and. forming an air tight cover thereon, a dash-pot cylinder provided in said base plate and open to the lower face of the same, a V

. and provided with abutments, and a spring washer means adapted byits central portion to press on the top closing cap when the ends ofthewasher are'placed in contact with said abutments. I v

4. In a pulsator of the character described, a housing supporting substantially all of the movable members of the pulsation mechanism, a perforated top closing cap freely resting on the upper end of said housing, a base plate placed freely'in contact with'the under side of the housing without being secured thereto, a dash-pot cylinder provided insaid base plate and adapted for coaction means being also adapted toexert a closing pressure onrboth of the valves when they are changed over into. the position for closing the high pressure inlet, and means for preventing the valves from taking an intermediate position. 1 V

6. In' a pulsator according toclaim 5, dashpot means connected with the diaphragm and adapted to controlthe action of the spring means for causing the sudden reversal of the valves.

. GUSTAF EMIL J oNs'soN;

with a dash-pot piston connected with the movable members of the apparatus, a diaphragm positioned between the housing and i the base plate and connected with means for causing the reversal of the valves of the pulsator, acan lid provided with an exterior recess for taking up the base plate and a portion 'ofthe lower end of the housing, a handle atlixed to said can lid and provided with abutments, and a spring washer me'ans'adapted by its central portion to press on the top closing cap when the ends of the washer are placed in contact with saidpabutments.

5. In a pulsator of the character described, a valve housing, two valvechambers in said housing, each provided with a high pressure inlet and a low pressure outlet, a valve mem-V ber in each chamber reciprocably mounted between the high pressure inlet and low prescure outlet therein and adapted alternately for closing either of them, mechanical inter- 7. connection means between the valve members 9 said pressure, means for intermittently subjecting the oppositeside of the diaphragm to thelower pressure,-springfmeans actuated by the diaphragm for causing a sudden reversal ofthe valve-positions, such spring

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