US1755381A - Coking retort oven - Google Patents

Description

Amai 22,' w3@ J. BCKER GOKING RETRT OVENV yoriginal Filed May 16; 1921 2 Sheets-.Sheet- 1 @@5225 19304. J. vBawag@ l mm@ COKING BETORT OVEN v original Filed May le, 1921 2 sheets-sheet 2 liatenteol dem* 22 is@ l :tu: S

JOSEPH BECKER, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE KOPPERS COM- PANY, OF PITTSBURGH, PENN SYLYANIA, A CORPORATION OEPENNSYLVANIA.

Application led May 16, 19-21, Seria-1 o.`470,197. lRenewed` January 24, 1930.

This invention comprehends improvements i the same parts 1n each of the several views of of especial utility in the coking retort oven art. The invention has for objects to` provide the well-known Koppers cross-wise reversal principle in a crosswise coking retort oven having a double series of horizontal flame flues in.each heating wall, the applicay tion of the aforesaid reversal principle beingpreferably combined with reversal of com bustion in the double series of horizontal heating flues. The invention further provides for the optional utilization of the gas oven' prlnciple, in lsuch across regenerative' oven, whereby the heat lfor coking the charges of coal in the regenerators or cokingchambersmay be developed from the combustion of an extraneously derived special generator gas, such as producer gas, with conservation of the entire product of the relatively richer coke oven gas derived from the coal carbonization process carried on 1n' the retort chambers.

above, the invention hasfor further objects such other improvements or advantages in construction and. operation as may be found to obtain in the structures and devices hereinafter described or claimed. y In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specication and showing, for purposes of exemplification, a. preferred form and manner in which the invention maybe embodied and practiced, but without limiting the claimed invention specically to such illustrative instance or instances f Figure 1 is a crosswise vertical sectional elevationI through a coke oven battery elnbodying features above specified and equipped with the improvements of the present invention, the view being taken longitudinally through a heating wall'and a regenerator, in planes indicated by the line A-A of Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is a composite vertical sectional elevation taken' longitudinally of the coke oven battery, in planes indicated by the lines C--C, D--D and E-E of Fig. l; and

Fig. 3 is a; fragmentary detailed horizontal sectional view of a heating wall taken on the .line B-B of Fig. 2. v

In addition to the general objects recited The same characters of reference designate lustrated embodiment of the invention in such.

a combination coke oven battery; the novel features and improvements of the invention are capable of other applications, such, for

example, as in ordinary so-called gas ovens employing producer gas as the'fuel, or in ordinary so-calledV coke ovens employing coke'ovengas as the fuel; hence the scope of A`the invention is not confined to the specific of the by-product type,having features above specified; said oven battery embodies in its construction a plurality of crosswise elongat ed heating walls 11, 11, and a plurality of. intermediate crosswise elongated vertical coking chambers 12,12. '.The heating walls 11 form the side walls of therespective coking chambers 1-2, as shown more rparticularly -in' f Fig. 2, and together .withl the coking chambers'are supported by the heavy supporting walls 13, 13 'which extend crosswise of the battery and are located, as shownl in Fig. 2,

` below the superstructure of the battery. The

supporting walls 13 collectively form the main support yfor .the entire' superstructure of the oven battery and arethemselves supported upon a fiat mat or platform which constitutes the sub-foundation on which the entire battery rests.

The coal to be coked eral coking chambers or ovens through charging holes 14 located in the top 15 of the oven battery` and positioned, as shown in Fig. 2, di-

rectly above the ovens'or chambers 12. These is charged into the sevcharging holes 14 are equipped with the usual removable covers, which are removed during charging ofthe individual ovens or coking chambers and are placed in position to close the tops of such coking chambers during the ent-ire coking or distilling operation. The gases of distillation pass from the tops of the several coking chambers 12 through gas out- -lets indicated by dotted lines at 16 in Fig. 1,

and thence through ascension pipes (not shown) into the usual gas collecting main, which carries the distillation products to the by-productrecovery apparatus.`v

Heating for coking the charges of coal in the 'several ovens or chambers 12 is-derived from the heating walls 11, which, as before mentioned, extend crossvvise o f the battery at the sides ofthe coking chambers. As shown, each heating Wallis constituted of two parallel series Gr andHfof individual horizontal llame or combustion flues 17,the iuesoof each seriesextending parallel with the longitudinal axis of the heating wall. All the flame vflues of both series of heating walls, in accordance with the present embodiment of the invention, operate concurrently as burning flues and combustion ismainta-ined concurrently inthe flues in all of the heating walls ofthe battery.

The crosswise regenerators 18 of the retort oven or battery are located below the aforesaid heating wal1s`11 and coking chambers 12, and inthe present instance ,extend in parallelism betweenl the supporting walls 18. Located in the middle lengthwise vertical plane of the coke oven battery, is a vertical v partition 19, as shown'inFig. 1, which partition extends all the Wayup from the mat` of the battery to the bottom of the overlying structure and from one to the otherof the pillar Walls 13. The regenerators which are respectively located on opposite sides of the battery extend inwardly to said partition 19 and are separted thereby as clearly shown in Fig. 1. This arrangementpermits control from opposite sides of the battery of the flow through the regenerators. Each regenerator 18 isa chamber containing open brickwork, commonl called checkerwork, and indicated at 20 with a distributing sole channel 21 underneath such checkerwork, the channels,

.tition 19 are disposed, taken seriatim longitudinally of the battery, in groups K, each saidl group comprising three regenerators and, as shown in'Fig. 2, flow is maintained concurrently in the same direction in all the .side of the central partition 19, While flow is maintained concurrently in the opposite direct-ion in the several groups of regenerators on the other side of the aforesaid central partition. That is to say, theseveral groups of regenerators on one side of the partition 19 operate concurrently-as inflow regenerators, While the several groups of regenerators on the other side of said partition are operating concurrently as outflow regenerators, this being a common practice, as set foi-thin the well-known. Koppel-s cross-regenerative Patent No. 818,083, dated April 17, 190,6.v 0n reversal of the battery by means of any preferred type of reversing mechanism, the several groups of regenerators ivhichheretofore nels 22 and 23, the feed channels 22 and 23 corresponding to the several t groups of regenerators on the opposite sides of the aforesaid partition 19,- and each channel preferably having an inner vertical wall 24 and an outer wall 25 which inelines upwardly toward the aforesaid vertical wall24, as shown V in `Fig.' 1. Vlith this construction, there is a group of three channels at each end of each` heating wall, the middle channel P of the groups 22l on one side of the aforesaid partition 19 being respectively connected with 4the, ends of the several flues 17 of both series Gand H by means of ports 26,' and the middle vchannels P of the groups 23 on the opposite sideof the partition 19 being similarlyconnected with the opposite ends of both series .of their corresponding fines by means of similar ports. The end channels A of the `groups 22 on one side of the aforesaid partition 19 are respectively connected with the ends 0I' the several llues 17 of both series by meansvof ports 27, and the end channels A of the groups 23 on the opposite side of the partition 19 are similarly connected with their corresponding-filles by means of similar ports. This arrangement provides ports connecting res ectively the opposite ends of both series of ues of`each heating wall with .groups of three channels corresponding to the groups of regenerators and positioned at .the opposite end of such fines.

When burning an extraneously derived fue gas, such as producer gas, in the flues 17 each inflow group of regenerators is composedl of a middle gas regenerator P for heating the' fuel gas and twoside air regenerators A for heating the air whichv enters the flues to support combustion of. the gas. All of the Aoutflow groups of regeneratorsoperate concur- Y rently as waste gas regenerators and are desconstruction, the flame flues of both series of each heating wall are communicably connected on one side of the battery with gas and air regenerators and on the other side of the battery with waste gas regenerators, the latter becoming, on reversal, gas and air regenerators and `the former becoming wastvgas' regenerators.

The reversal in operation of the several flame fines 17 of both groups G andH of the heating walls involves a reversal in direction of flow of the gases through said flues, and a chance of the points of supply from one end of ioth series of such flues to the other, with the result that all yof the fiues of the entire battery may operate concurrently as burning fines, notwithstanding reversal in' flow through the regenerators. The function of such construction 1s as follows z-The regenerators that prior to the reversal operated as inflow regenerators become outflow regenerators, and the outflow operating regenerators become inflow operating regenerators; the suppl the battery to all ,of the flues is turned off; and the supply of gas from the other side of the battery to all of the flues is turned on.

Extending from the opposite side walls of' the battery and leading into the several feed channels 22 and 23 on both sides of the battery are as supply ducts 30 and 31. These gas , supp y ducts 30 and 31 are for the purpose of optionally supplyingcoke oven gas to the several flame flues of each heating wall. The supply of coke oven gas to the respective ducts 30 and 31 is derived from coke oven gas mains of the usual type that are respectively located on the opposite sides of the battery. Suitable means is provided for admitting or shutting off the supply of gas with respect to the ducts 3() and 31 it being under-v stood that the gas supply, when the oven is operating with coke oven gas, is turned on concurrently either to the series of ducts 30,

or to the series of ducts 31.

For operating the battery alternatively for the use of a special generator gas, suchvas producer operating regenerators -P may be optionally connectedv with a producer gas main, so that the. producer gas may be directed into such ofthe regenerators as are operating for inflow and conveyed through these regenerators into both groups G and H of the burning flame lues 17. .The operation of1the retort y of gas from one side of' gas as a fuel, the` several inflow,

oven or batter when using` an especial generator gas, suc as ordinary producergas as fuel, is as follows :The supply of coke oven gas to the coke oven gas main and to all of the coke oven gas ducts 30 and 31 is cut off. A supply of producer gas is permitted to flow into the inflow operating gas regenerators P, and passing through said regenerators is preheated` before being delivered into the burning flame flues. vDuring the inflow of producer gas through said regenerators P, waste gas from the other end of the flues is flowingout through all of the regenerators W, on the other side of the partition 19. In the regenerators. A, inflow of air is maintained'and, passing upwardly through said regenerators, is preheated and finally enters the burning flame flues to. support the combustion of the producer gas that is delivered thereto by the regenerators P. On reversal of the flow, the inflow gas and air regenerators-become outflow regenerators and concurrently the outflow operating gas regenerators become inflow gas and'air regenerators.

In operating the battery with coke oven gas, the supply of producer gas to the regenerators P is shut off and air is permitted to flow into said regenerators in place of the producer gas. During coke oven gas operation, the supply of coke oven gas is maintained in the channels 30 or 31 which feed that end of the burning flues that are in connection with the air regenerators. The reversing mechanism is operated on each reversal to place all'of the inflow operating regenerators in communication with the outer air and all of the outflow operating regenerators in communi? cation with the waste gas tunnel.

Alternatively, during such coke oven gas operation, some of the regenerators, such as the regenerators P may be employed for conveying to the liues A neutral gaseous diluent, such as return waste gas, to lengt-hen the flames in the flues, in the manner and for the purpose set forth* in my prior Letters Patent of the United States, for coking retort oven,l No. 1,416,322, dated May 16, 1922.

rlhe invention as hereinabove set forth is embodied in a particular form of constructionbut may be variously embodied within the scope of the claims hereinafter made.

I claim:

1. In a coking retort oven, in combination: a plurality of coking chambers; heating Walls contiguous to such coking chambers and respectively constituted of two'series of horizontal combustion lues; reversible cross- Wise extending regenerators parallel with the coking chambers and the heating walls, such regenerators being disposed into two series battery, one series operating for inflow while the other seriesrbperates for outflow, the regenerators of each series being disposed into groups of'three regenerators with one inow located respectively on opposite sides of the v A operating regenerator of each group supplying gas and the others supplying air,'. the gas regenerator lying between the respective airA regenerators; and. duct meansjconneoting the' groups of such regenerators of each series respectively with-the opposite ends of both series of horizontall combustion flues of said heating walls; substantiallyV as specified.

2. In a coking retort oveng'in combination:

a plurality of coking chambers; heating Walls contiguous to such cokingchambers and respectively constituted of twoseriesl of horizontal combustion fiues; reversible crosswise extending regenerators parallelwith the colt-1 mg chambers andthe heating walls, said re#Y generators being communicably connected in groups respectively withthe' opposite ends of the combustion flues'of singlejheatingwalls;

-.and.means for rendering the groups of said r`egenerators operable during the 'inflow period to convey to said flues air and an extraneously derived gas, such as producer gas substantially as specified.

43.' In a coking retort oven, in combination :I: a plurality of coking chambers; heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers and'.` respectively constituted of two series of' barizontal combustion flues.; and reversible cross- Wise extending regenerators parallel with'the i a plurality of coking chambers; heating Walls contiguous. to such coking-cliambers and re-v spef'ftivelyA constituted of. two series of horizontal. combustionpues; combinedwith in. vflow and ou-tiow c'rosswise regenerators' respectively'disposed in groups along. opposite sides of 'the-coking retort oven7 the regenerat-ois of the inflow groups being respectively communicably connectedwith one end of. the

combustion flues of single heating Walls and' bein-g jointly operable for .\convey.ing air to the tlues or separately operable'for conveying the said flues airfor an' extraneously derived gas; and the outow groups ,of regenerators being 'respectively communicably. connected with 'the opposite ends ofthe combustion ligues of single heating walls; and means forsupplying, at will, to said flues an alternative t'uelgas, such as .coke oven gas; substantia-ily as specified.

5. In a coking'retort oven, in combination: a plurality of coking chambers; heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers and respectively constituted of two seriesof horizontal combustion flues; combined with inflow and outflow regenerators disposed in groups Which are respectively communicably connected by ducts in substantially straight and unbroken lines with the opposite ends of such both series-of combustion flues ofthe heating 'wallsfthe regenerators of the inflow groups being .jointly operable for conveying' air to ispectivelyconstituted of two seriesof hori- -z'ontal combustion flues; combined with inflow and voutflow crosswise regenerators vd`is-A posed 1n groups which are respectively communicaly connected with lthe opposite ends of' the fi'ues of thel heating Walls, the regenerato'rs I of thje. inflow groups being separatelyoperextraneously derived gas, su'ch gas; substantially as specified. t

' able forconveyingto the said-fines air and as producer. t

.7. In a coking retort oven, in combination: H

ga' plurality of coking chambers; heating i,

walls contiguous to such ook-ing vchambers of horizontal combustion flues; v"combined f f -with 'inflow and .,outflowjregenerators disand respectively constituted. .of two series posed in groups which are respectively communicablyconnected by ducts in substantially straight and unbroken li`nes with the opposite ends of the :flues` ofthe heating Walls, the regenerators of the inflow groups being separately operable for conveying to the said flues air and an extraneously erivedgas,

fied.

as producer gas; substantially asspe'ci.` y

` 8. In a coking retort oven,- in combination .a plurality of coking chambers; 'heating walls contiguous to .suchcoking chambers l and respectively constituted of'two seriesfof Ahorizontal combustion Hues;jcombined`with infiow and-outflow regenerators having communications with the opposite'ends of the lines of the heating wallsV respectively', each l of saidY communications consisting of a 'sub-l stantially straight duct; substantially as specified. .Y 9. -InV a coking retort oven, in combination:

a plurality of coking chambers; heating walls contiguous to suchoking chambersand respectively constituted 'of two series of hori-v zontal combustion flues; combined with'a regenerative system embodying fuel gas and air regenerators communicably connected by ducts in substantially straight and vunbroken lines with one end of the fines of the .heating walls and waste gas regenerators communicably connected by ductsin substantially'straight and unbroken lines with the vother end of the fiues of t-he heating walls;

substantially as specified.

-10. In a coke oven provided with'parallel coking chambers, heating walls .contiguous to such coking'chambers and respectively constituted of a plurality of series of horizontal ing chambers, heating Walls, contiguous toA combustion fines through which the direction of combustion may be periodically reversed, and regenerators arranged below and havingcommunications with the opposite ends of the lues of said heating Walls, each of said communications consisting of a substantially straight duct; substantially as specified.

11. A coke oven provided With parallel coksuch coking chambers and respectively constituted of a plurality of series of horizontal combustion flues through which the direction of combustion may be periodically reversed,

' fuel lgas and air Vregenerators arranged below andhaving communications with one end othellues of said heating walls, and Waste gas regenerators arranged below and con1- municating by ducts in substantially straight and unbroken lines with the 'n opposite end of the Hues of said regenerators; substantially as specied.

JOSEPH BECKER.

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