Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01C—CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FILAMENTARY OR FIBROUS MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FILAMENTS OR FIBRES FOR SPINNING; CARBONISING RAGS TO RECOVER ANIMAL FIBRES
  • D01C3/00—Treatment of animal material, e.g. chemical scouring of wool

Definitions

• Our invention relates to a method for the treatment of wool in order to remove therefrom the marks which have been applied thereto for the purpose of distinguishing its origin.
• identifying marks made with tar. oil
• Thetar oils constituting these marks afterwards lose their volatile components and become hard under the action of the oxygen of the air.
• Such marks usually contain tar or other coloring substances which soil the wool.
• the object of this invention is to remove these marks, and this is accomplished by a treatment which renders them again liquid.
• the wool may have been previously subjected to such a cleansing treatment for the removal of the natural oil or grease, etc., particularly in cases where the original wool is more than ordinarily greasy.
• the present invention may be carried out in a combined operation for degreasing the wool and at the same time removing the marks therefrom in a single complete treatment, par
• the wool is first thoroughly soaked at a temperature within the limits between 30 C. and 0., in a digester containing heavy tar oils which are free from anthracene and also free from any substances the boiling point of which is lower than 100 C.
• a digester containing heavy tar oils which are free from anthracene and also free from any substances the boiling point of which is lower than 100 C.
• the remainder still contained in the wool may be removed by means of benzine and petroleum ether, or other suitable volatile solvents, as the remainder of the heavy taroil still contained in the wool will dissolve in this mixture and thus can be extracted from the wool.
• the mixture thus obtained of benzine, petroleum ether and heavy tar oil is then subjected to fractional distillation, thereby to recover the benzine and the petroleum ether.
• the tar oil which contains portions of the marks and other coloringsubstances, may be separated from these substances.
• These coloring substances which are contained in the tar oil, comprise both soluble and insoluble substances.
• the insoluble substances are separated by decantation, and the solution which remains contains the tar oil, the dissolved portions of the marks and the soluble coloring substances.
• this solution may be put through a fractional distillation,
• the wool When the wool is put into a digester containing the heavy tar oil, the wool may or may not have been previously degreased.
• the heavy tar oil chosen, as above noted, to have .a boiling point higher than 100 (1, may
• naphthalene oil of the ortho position 1, 2 such oils being obtained from naphthalene by fractional distillation and subsequent cooling.
• the materials used such as the benzine, etroleum ether, and the tar oil, should be recovered.
• This recovery is effected by fractional distillation.
• the benzine and the petroleum ether may be readily separated out and recovered by distillation, leaving behind only the tar oil.
• the recover of the tar oil from the mixture of dissolve tar and other coloring matter ma be efiected by further fractional distillation.
• the tar oil use-d must be completely soluble in the volatile solvent used and must be incapable of forming a soap in the presence of water.
• the tar oils should have mixed therewith light coal oil derivatives, such as the solvent generally known as naphtha solvent, or a heavy benzol. If desired, in the recovery of the tar oil, the insoluble substances, such as the carbon, may be separated by decantation, while the soluble substances are separated by a fractional distillation.
• light coal oil derivatives such as the solvent generally known as naphtha solvent, or a heavy benzol.
• the insoluble substances such as the carbon, may be separated by decantation, while the soluble substances are separated by a fractional distillation.
• T he wool to be treated is introduced into a digester which may then be closed.
• a heavy tar oil of the kind hereinbefore described is now run from an elevated tank or containing vessel through a pipe connection into the digester.
• the digester is filled with such oil to a Sufiicient extent that the Wool is c pletely covered and submerged therein.
• the wool is now permitted to soak in this heavy tar oil for a sufiicient length of time until the hardened material comprising the marks has become thoroughly softened and dissolved in the oil.
• the length of time this soaking should continue may be readily determined and closely estimated in practice depending upon the original condition of the wool; and the digester may be openedfor the inspection of the condition of the wool at any time, and, in fact may be left open for such purpose during this part of the processif desired.
• the duration of this treatment of the wool with the heavy tar oil may be from twenty minutes to one hour. Also, if desired, during the soaking operation, the tar oil used for that purpose may be permitted to flow slowly through the digester and wool from top to bottom. In any case, some of such tar oil. may be drawn off at any time, for inspection, and more of it admitted into the digester.
• the liquid tar oil with such material dissolved therein is drawn off from the bottom of the digester, through a pipe connection, into a reservoir.
• the wool in the digester still contains therein some of the tar oil which also must be removed.
• a volatile solvent such as benzine, or petroleum other, is introduced into the digester through a pipe connection from an elevated containing vessel or tank, until the digester is again filled sufiiciently to cover and submerge the wool in this volatile solvent.
• This steam evaporates the volatile solvent and carries the latter out with it into the condenser, where both the steam and the volatile solvent carried thereby are condensed to a liquid.
• This liquid comprising water and the liquid solvent, flows out of the condenser into a receiving vessel, in which they separate b reason of their different specific gravities. h i'om this vessel the water may be drawn out and the volatile solvent is returned therefrom by means of a pump into its original tank or container above noted, for reuse.
• lV hen no more of the volatile solvent, but only water, is recovered from the condenser, this part of the process will have been completed. However, experience and practice readily determine the length of time that the steam should be passedthrough the digester.
• the heavy tar oil with its dissolved impurities which was drawn off from the digester following the soaking operation in the first part of the treatment and was received in a containing vessel, is now pumped from this container into the same above noted retort.
• This heavy tar oil now in the retort contains therein the tar oil which was dissolved out of the wool and which formed the marks thereon.
• the wool had not been previously degreased, the dissolved grease is also contained in this heavy tar oil in the retort. Also it contains considerable dirt and other impurities.
• This mixture of the heavy tar oil in the retort is now subjected to fractional distillation.
• the still or distilling apparatus comprises, besides the above noted retort, a usual or suitable furnace, receiving chambers, etc.
• the first fraction is the heavy tar oil in its purified form. which is collected in a receiver or reservoir.
• This first fraction, the heavy tar oil is obtained at temperatures between 100 C. and
• a mixture of petroleum ether, naphtha solvent and. rather light tar oil is prepared, the wool is soaked in this mixture, and may remain in it from twenty minutes to one hour. The mixture, which then contains the dissolved matter, is then evacuated. The wool is then washed with petroleum ether, to clean it. The solution is afterwards decanted, if the latter is to be used again for a similar new operation without its fractional distillation.
• the petroleum ether is distilled at temperatures lower than 100 (1, the naphtha solvent between 100 C. and 160 0., the tar oil between 160 C. and 200 C., and the grease between 200 C. and 250 C.
• the residue comprises regenerated tar which is too heavy for distillation.
• the method of removing marks from wool which consists in soaking the wool in a digester in heavy tar oils the boiling point of which is higher than 100 (3., in drawing off from the digester as much as possible of the said heavy tar oils, and in treating the remaining tar oils still contained in the wool with a mixture of volatile solvents whereby the said remaining tar oils are dissolved.
• the method of removing marks from wool which consists in soaking the wool in a digester in heavy tar oils the boiling point of which is higher than 100 G., in drawing off from the digester as much as possible of the said heavy tar oils, in treating the remaining tar oils still contained in the wool with a mixture of volatile solvents whereby the said remaining tar oils are dissolved, and in recovering the solvents from the mixture of volatile solvents and of heavy tar oils.
• the method of removing marks from wool which consists in soaking the wool in a digester in heavy tar oils the boiling point of which is higher than 100 C., in drawing off from the digester as much as possible of the said heavy tar oils, in treating the remaining tar oils still contained in the wool with a mixture of volatile solvents whereby the said remaining tar oils are dissolved, and in recovering the heavy tar oils from the heavy tar oils drawn ofi from'the digester having therein dissolved and undissolved substances.
• the method of removing marks from wool which consists in soaking the wool in a digester in naphthalene oils, in drawing oil from the digester as much as possible of the said naphthalene oils, in treating the remaining naphthalene oils still contained in the wool witha mixture of volatile solvents whereby the said remaining naphthalene oils are dissolved, and in recovering the solvents from the mixture of naphthalene oils and of volatile solvents.

Landscapes

• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Animal Husbandry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=3895071

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

• 0
  • BE BE335981D patent/BE335981A/xx unknown
• 1927
  • 1927-08-13 US US212830A patent/US1754338A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

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