US1753982A - Railway-traffic-controlling apparatus - Google Patents

Description

"April 8, 1930. P. N. BOSSART ,7 3, 8

RAILWAY TRAFFIC CONTROLLING APPARATUS Filed July 9, 1929 Coz'zzkalle' 5 2 by vFhziflb Condizwzza INVENTOR I /V. 60 65 1 Patented Apr. 8, 193% {PAUL in; BOSSART, or: swrssvALE, PENNSYLVANIA, :essmnon T :TH-E 'urrronswrrcrr &1 sIGrIAL COMPANY, or SWISSVALE,YIFENNSYL-VANIA, A'CORPORATZON or PENN- SYLVANIA RAILWAY-THAIFIC-CQNTROLLING ArrARA'rns Application filed. July 9, 1929. Serial 'No."e'77,o40.

' invention relates to railwaytraffic controll'ing apparatus, and particularly toappa'ratus of thetype wherein periodically in- "terrupted currents are supplied'to the track 1 rails for the control of trains.

I will describe one formof appar'atus'embodying my invention, and will then point out the novel features thereof in claims.

The accompanying drawing is a'diagramm'at-ic Viewillustratingone form of apparag current from a track transformer T, thesecondary "30 of which is constantly connected withthe rails through a reactance X adjacent theexit end of the section. The primary 29 of transformer T is at times supplied with alternating current from the secondary 32 of a transformer L, the'primary 33 of which isconstantly connected with an alternator G. The supply of current to the primary 29 of transformer T is controlled by a relay E "whichrin turn, is controlled by tratfic conditions ina' manner not'shown. The supply of current to the primary 29 of transformer T is also controlled by coding apparatus embodying my invention, which is designated,

' in'general, by the reference character D, and

which Iwillnow describe.

Thecoding apparatus D comprises a contact mechanism which is periodically'operated at aconstant frequency, and two neutral relays A and B of any suitable type. As here shown, the contact mechanism is a flash er 'relay'C comprising awinding 38 and three contacts 37 1 and 35, but this type of contact mechanism'is not essential to my invention. "R'layAisproyided with-a main winding'2 havin arelati vel 7 e number of tTIIilS an" auxiliary winding 3 lravlnga relatively small 'number of'turns,a11d two contacts 4 "and- 5. R'el'ay'B is-p'rovidedwith a'winding 7 and a'conta'ct 8.

The winding 38"0f relay" G is supplied with current over its "one back centact 37 "from a battery R, and itwill be apparent, therefore, that relay C will"become energized and deenergize d alternately, so th'at its contacts are periodically opened and closed. The parts of relay C are so proportioned that this alternate energizationand de energization will take place at ac'onstant predetermined frequency. The' relays A and B" are controlled by contactl'of relay C. Asshown'in the drawing, relays A and B are 'b'oth "de energized andronta'ct 1 is" open. Under these conditions; when contact 1 closes current flows from a suitable source of electromotive f'orce,

here "shown as abatt'ery9, through wire 10, a fuse 11,wirei12;winding 3 of relay A,wires '13' and 14:, winding 7 of'rel'ay B,"wires 15 and i 16, backpoint of contact 4 of relayA, wire 17,

'frontcontact 1 of relay G; andw'ires 19 and 20 back to'battery 9. The-parts arei-so proportioned that this current flowing 'in'winding 3 of relay A does not energize relay'A; but this current flowing in Winding 7 of relay B is suifici'ently large to 'en'ergizemelay B. When relay'B becomes energizedlt closes its front contact 8, and asl'ong as contact 1' remains closed,' winding2 of relay 'A'is then shortcircuited over a circuit which passes from winding 2 through wire 22, front contact 8' of relay B, wires 23 and 19,'fr0ntcontact1 of relay C, wire 17,-back point of 'contact 4 of relay A, and wires 16 and 21 back to winding 2 of relay A. When contact 1 opensyhowever thisshort circuit "is opened and winding 2-is theninclud'ed in a circuit wli-ichpasses from battery 9 through wire 10, fu'se '11, wire 12,*winding 3 of relay-A, wires '13 and 14, winding 7 of relay B.wires 15 and 21, winding 2 of relay Arwire 22, front contact 8 of relay B, and wires 23 and-20 back-to battery 9. findings-2 and 3 of relay A are connected in this latter circuit in SUCh IDELUIIQI' that the fluxes produced in core 6 of relay Aby the current flowing in these windings are additive and relay A therefore becomes energized. lVhen relay A becomes energized, contact 4 opens its back point and closes its front point, and contact 5 becomes closed. It will be noted that winding 7 of relay B is also included in the circuit last traced so that as long as this circuit is closed, relay B remains energized and holds its contact 8 closed. As a result, when contact 1 next closes, winding 2 of relay A and winding 7 of relay B are short-circuited over a circuit which passes from winding 2 of relay A through wires 21 and 15, winding 7 of relay B, wires 1:1- and 24, front point of contact 4 of relay A, wire 17, front contact 1 of relay C, wires 19 and 23, frontcontaet 8 of relay B, and wire 22 back to winding 2. This short circuit causes relay B to become de-energized, but relay A remains energized because, under these conditions, a large current is supplied to winding 3 of relay A over a circuit which passes from battery 9 through wire 10, fuse 11. wire 12. winding 3 of relay A, wires 13 and 24:. front point of contact 4 of relay A, wire 17. front contact 1 of relay C, and wires 1.9 and 20 back to battery 9. W hen contact 1 next opens, however, the circuit just traced is interrupted and relay A then becomes de-energized so that contact 4: opens its front point and closes its back point, and contact 5 opens. The parts of the coding apparatus D are then restored to the positions in which they are illustrated in the drawing. and when contact 1 next closes, the cycle of events just described starts to repeat itself.

It should be pointed out that, in actual practice. the resistance of the circuit which is com pleted when contact 1 of relay (l and front point of contact 4 of relay A are both closed is practically all due to the resistance of winding 3 of relay A. As a result. if some of the turns of winding 3 become short-circuited for any reason, the current flowing in the turns of winding 3 which are not short-circuited will increase by an amount which is proportional to the decrease in resistance of this circuit due to the short-circuited turns. and the ampere turns acting on core 6 of relay A would therefore remain substantially constant. so that the coding apparatus would continue to function in the manner described. Furthermore, if the connections to winding 3 are made in such manner that the external circuit makes at'least a portion of a turn around. core 6 of relay A. then. in the event of a total short circuit on winding 3, the ampere turns acting on core 6 of relay A would still remain constant for the reasons pointed out above, and the apparatus would function as described. It will be noted. however, that a fuse 11 is includedin the circuit for wind ing 3, and this fuse is so proportioned that, in case the winding 3 is completely short-circuited, the fuse will blow out, thereby protecting battery 9. This fuse, however, is not essential to my invention.

From the foregoing it will be apparent that relay A becomes energized one time each two times contact 1 is opened and closed, and it follows, therefore, that relay A is energized one time each two times relay C is operated. Contact 5 of relay A is closed each time relay A is energized. It follows, therefore, that contact 5 is periodically opened and closed at half the frequency at which relay C is operated. It should be noticed, also, that contact 5 is opened and closed equal intervals of time.

When relay E is energized, primary 29 of transformer T is supplied with current over a circuit which is periodically interrupted by contact 35 of relay C and which passes from secondary 32 of transformer L through wire 31, primary 29 of transformer T, wire 28, front point of contact 27 of relay E, wire 36, front contact 35 of relay C, and wires 34 and 25 back to secondary It will be apparent, therefore, that under these conditions the train controlling current supplied to the track rails 41 and 41 from secondary 30 of transformer T is periodically interrupted at the frequency of operation of relay C. When relay E is de-energized, however, primary 29 of transformer T is then supplied with current over a circuit which is periodically interrupted by front contact 5 of relay A and which passes from secondary 32 of transformer L through wire 31, primary 29 of transformer T, wire 28, back point of contact 27 of relay E, wire 26, front contact 5 of relay A, and wire 25 back to secondary 32 of transformer L. Under these latter conditions, the track rails 41 and ell. are supplied with train controlling current from the secondary 30 of transformer T which is periodically inter rupted at the frequency of operation of relay A. Since relay A operates at half the frequency of relay C, it will be apparent that the current supplied to the track rails is periodically interrupted at one frequency when relay E is energized, and at half this frequency when relay E is de-ei'iergized.

The apparatus shown herein is suitable for cooperation with train carried mechanism receiving energy from the track rails and selectively responsive to the frequency, at which the train controlling current in the rails is interrupted.

lVhile I have illustrated coding apparatus embodying my invention as applied to the control of trackway currents in a train control system, it should be particularly pointed out that my invention is not limited to this use but is applicable wherever it is desired to operate one contact at half the frequency at which another contact is periodically operated.

Although I have herein shown and described only one form of apparatus embody- 'maawsa 1 ing -my invention, it is understood' that various"changes'andmodificanons bemade therein 'i'i'thln the scope of the a upended claims without departing from-the spirit and scope of my invention.

' cally operated, two relays, means controlled by said contact mechanism and'by both -sa1d relays for energizing one of said relays one time each two times said contactinechanism is operated, a source of train controllingcurrent, and-means for supplying current from said source to the rails of sai d stretch under the control 01 82116!COH'CZLCt'HlQCllELHISHl or said one relay in accordance with trafiic conditions. 2. In 'combmation, a stretch of railway track, a'contact mechanism which is periodi- "cally operated, two relays, means controlled by said contact mechanism and by both said relays for energizing said relays one time each two times said contact mechanism is operated, means controlled by said contact inechanism for at times supplying train controlling current to the rails of said stretch, and means controlled'by one of said relays for atother times supplying train controlling current to the rails of said stretch.

3. In combination, astretch of railway track, a contact mechanismwhichis periodlcally operated, two relays, means controlled by said contact mechanism and by both said relays for alternately energizing said relays "one time each two times said contact mechanism is operated, means controlled by said contact 'mechanism forwat times supplying 7 train controlling current to the rails ofsaid stretch, and means controlled by'oneof said relays for at other times supplying train controlled current to the rails-of said stretch.

l. in combination, a st-retch'of railway track, a first relaywhichis energized and deenergized alternately, a second and a third relay, means for at times energizing said-second relay when said first relay becomes energized, means for energizing said third relay when said first relay subsequently becomes de-energized, means for de-ener'gizlng said secondrelay when said first relayneXt becomes ener ized means for de-ener izim C! 7 b b i at times-energizing the first relay when said "contact" b comes closedgmeans for'energizing the second' 'relay whensaid first relay is energi'zed and said contact is subsequently opened, means'=for de energizing said first relay whensaid second relay is energizedand said contaet-next becomes closedfm'eans for de-energizing I said second re'lay when said contact is again'op'ened, a source oftra'in controlling current, and -means for 1 supplying current dir'o m saidsourceto the rails of said stretch under the control of said contact mechanism or said second relay in accordance with -traflic conditions.

combination,a stretch of railway tr-ack,--a first relay'which is energized and-de- -energi zed alternately,-a-second and a third laygmeans including aback contact of said second' rel'ay for at times energizing said -third relay whensaid first relay becomes on f 5 ergi zedg means including a front contact of said thirdrelay for energizing said second relay whensaid first 1 relay is subsequently deener i zed, means including a front contact of said second relay for file-energizing said th'i-rd relay when; sa'idfirst relay nextbecomes energi zed,:1neans for main'tainingsaid second rel-ay in i'tsenergized condition after said f-third relay becomes de-energized until said fi-irst re-lay again becomes de-energized, a --source of train controlling current, and means rfor supplying current from said source tothe railsof said stret'ch under the control "of said fir'strelay or said second relay in accordance with 'tralfic conditions. -7 In combination, a stretch of railway tr'ack, a contact "mechanism comprising a first contactwhich is periodically opened and el-osed,-' a first and a second relay, means includin'ga back "contact of saidffirst relay for at #times energizing-said second relay when said: first contact beco'mes closed, 7 means ineluding a firont contact of said second relay for energizin said firstrelay' when said first "contact is subsequently opened, means includ- -:inga fr ont contact of said firstrelay for'de- "energizing said second relay when said first contactfne xtlbecomes closed, means including said front contact of said first relay'for' maintaining said first relay in its energized condi- "tion al ter sa'id second relay becomes de-en *erg lzed until said first contact is again openedy'a sourceof train controlling current, "and mean's for supplying current from said source to :the rails of said stretch under the control I of said" contact mechanism or said first felay-in accord'ance with tralficconditions.

in combination, a stretch of railway track, a contact mechanism comprising a first winding, said third winding, a back contact of said first relay, and said first contact; a

second circuit including said second winding, said third winding, said first winding, and a front contact of said second relay; a third circuit including said second winding, a front contact of said first relay, and said first con tact; a source of train controlling current, and means for supplying current from said source to the rails of said stretch under the control of said contact mechanism or said first relay in accordance with trafiic conditions.

9. In combination, a stretch of railway track, a first relay which is periodically energized and tie-energized, a second relay having a first and a second winding made up of a relatively large and a relatively small number of turns, respectively, a third relay having a third winding, a source of current; a first circuit including said source, said second winding, said third winding, a back contact of said second relay, and a front contact of said first relay; a second circuit including said source, said second winding, said third winding, said first winding, and a front contact of said third relay, said first and second windings being connected in said second circuit in such manner that the fluxes produced in the core of said second relay by current from said source in said windings are additive; a third circuit including said source, said second winding, a front contact of said second relay, and said front contact of said first relay; a source of train controlling current, and means for supplying current from said source to the rails of said stretch under the control of said first relay or said second relay in accordance with traific conditions.

10. In combination, a stretch of railway track, a first relay which is periodically energized and tie-energized, a second and a third relay, means for at times energizing said second relay when said first relay becomes energized, means for energizing said third relay when said second relay is energized and said first relay is subsequently deenergized, means for de-energizing said second relay when said third relay is energized and said first relay next becomes energized, means for maintaining said third relay in its energized condition after said second relay becomes de-energized until said first relay again becomes de-energized, a source of train.

controlling current, and means for supplying current from said source to the rails of said stretch under the control of said first relay or said third relay in accordance with trafiic conditions.

11. In combination, a stretch of railway track, a contact mechanism comprising a first contact which is periodically opened and closed, two relays, means controlled by said first contact and by both said relays for energizing one of said relays each alternate time said first contact is opened and closed, a sec- 0nd contact which is closed each time said one relay is energized, a source of train controlling current, and means for supplyin current from said source to the rails 0 said stretch under the control of said contact mechanism or said second contact in accordance with trafiic conditions.

12. In combination, a stretch of railway track, a contact mechanism comprising a contact which is periodically opened and closed, a first and a second relay, means for at times energizing said first relay when said contact becomes closed, means for energizing said second relay when said first relay is energized and said contact is subsequently opened, means for de-energizing said first reiay when said second relay is energized and said contact next becomes closed, means for tie-energizing said second relay when said contact is again opened, a source of train controlling current, and means for supplying current from said source to the rails of said stretch under the control of said contact mechanism or said first relay in accordance with traific conditions.

13. In combination, a stretch of railway track, a contact mechanism which is periodically operated, a first and a second relay, means controlled by said contact mechanism and by said first and second relays for energizing said first relay one time each two times said contact mechanism is operated, a source of train controlling current, and means for supplying current from said source to the rails of said stretch under the control of said contact mechanism or said first relay in accordance with trafiic conditions.

14. In combination, a stretch ofrailway track, a contact mechanism which is periodically operated, a first and a second relay, means controlled by said contact mechanism and by said first and second relays for energizing said first relay one time each two times said contact mechanism is operated, a third relay controlled by trafiic conditions in said stretch, means including a front contact of said third relay and a contact of said contact mechanism for at times supplying the rails of said stretch with current, and means including a back contact of said third relay and a contact of said first relay for at other times supplying the rails of said stretch with current.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

PAUL N. BOSSART.

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