US1752153A - Spraying of liquids - Google Patents

Description

March 25, 1930;

E. P. DE ZAN SPRAYING. 0F LIQUIDS Filed March 2, 1927 Patented lidar. Z5, 193@ ENRICO PIETRO DE ZAN, OIE SPEZIA, TALY SPRYING: OF LIQUIDS Application flied Maren a, 1927, serial No.

This invention relates to the spraying ofliquids and more particularly liquid fuel and its principal Objectis an improved sprayer head construction in which the exit opening has -no influence on the atomizing function,

i this hole serving exclusively to direct the .liq-

uid, already atomi'zed when it reaches this y hole, to wherever it is required.

Another object of the invention is to cre-v ate an improved sprayer construction which allows the perfect atomizing` of the liquid in a cold condition without requiring either a preheating of the liquid or the use of an atomizing fluid such as compressed air, steam -or the like.

ln applying the invention to a liquid'fuel burner the device according to the present circumferentially ing atomizer head formed of two annular plates fastened together' and with a perfect adherence between their contact surfaces. Upon each contact face of the two plates is applied a system of ports, the system of ports in one face being displace with respect to the system of ports in the other face and each system of ports being constituted by a number of ports invention provides an which extend from the circumference of the plate and two by two of these portson each face are united` towards the inside in one Iport which terminates tangentially at the peripher-yof an inner cylindricalcavity of the head5 1n which cavity are provided two central bosses functioning as valves for the control of the port openings of the two sys-v tems of ports and of which bosses oneforming an abutment is fitted with the exit openof the liquid fuel which has to direct the -atomized fuel in the furnace.

A' further feature of the present invention consists in aregulating device by means of which it is possibleto obtain an identical,

gradual, simultaneous opening or closure of theportsupon both faces of the plates of the head ofthe burner.

The accompanying drawings describe and illustrate by way of example one constructional form of the invention.

Figure 1 is a central longitudinal sectional view of the improved liquid fuel burner g .risalta 172,154, ami in muy November 19, 1926.

Figure 2 is a side view ofl a detail ofthe atomizing head Figure 3 is an end view of Figure 2 showing a system of ports in dotted lines are arranged on the contacting face of one plate of the head and another system of ports 'inv chain dotted lines as arranged o n the contacting face of the other on the line a-a of Figur Figure 5 is a sectional head plate of the head;

Figure l is a partial sectionalview taken view of the atomizer taken on the line b-b of Figre 3.

In these figuresll 1s a cylindrical casing within which is coaxially 2 which is seated at one lar groove 3 of a of the casing and arranged a filter end within a circuthreaded plug 4' at one end which is detachably held in position at its other end by saidplug against a circular flange 5 at the other endof the casing. Passing axiallythrough the casing is a rod 6 which is t1 glitly supported on the plug 4 by meansof the stuifingbox 7 engaged with d the plug by means of the nut 8'. The outer end of the rod 6 passes by means .of the threaded portion 9 through the yoke 10 fastened upon the nut 8 by means of the screws 11 so that the rotation ofthe rod causes thev axial displacement ofthe same. The inner end of the rod 6 by means of the t connected to the atomier hreaded shank 12 is head. This head consists of an annular member 13 which is internally threaded to engage the threads 12 on the rod 6, and the member 13 is fastened means of screws so that a good contact will two contacting annular faces. 16 is vplate to the inner end o the annular locking 14 tov an annular plate 15 be obtained by the a closing f the burner casing,

vfastened at its edge betweenthe flange 17 and disc 18 threadedin the wall of the casing 1;'said socket presents a calibrated central abutment 19 fitting in the cavity 2O of the plate 15 and von'this pin rotates'with a slight friction the atomizer head.. 241s a calibrated boss integral with and of the same diameter as the threaded shank 12 which fits in the cavity 2,0 of an outlet port provided the plate 13. 21 is on the pin or boss 19 which directs the liquid fuel, atomized .be-

fore it reaches this port, Th@ contacting faces o into the nre box. fthe member 13 and the face of the p' ate 315. The two ports of boss each'b'eara plurality of sets of ports which pass inwardly from the circumference` of the plate towards the inner' cavity and there are provided exactly'threevpairs ofv ports 22, 22 vupon the face of the plate member `13 and three airs of ports 23, 23 upon each pair converge upon the. face of each plate and intersect to form one port 22 and 23 respectively which endwithin thecen' -tral cavity 2() of the atomizer head in a tan,- gential direction to the periphery of the cavity. Y n

The relative position of the plates 13 and 15 is so established that the liquid `fuel coming from the ports 22, 22 strikes vlirst at a certain angle against the liquid'fuelv coming vfrom ports 23, 23and is then sus'tainedfby the latter in its rotating motion.

From the arrangementin Figure 4 of the drawings it results that the ports 22, 22, 23,

so slope towards one ,another that the fuel vwhich issues from the innerf openings 22` takes -a direction the planel of the port 22, 22 thereof which is at an anglevto the plane'of that coming from ports 23, 23. y The amount of movement necessary to o en the ports'23 of the atomizer head'with respect to the` abutment-19 on the closing plate 16A Aand the` amount of the opening of the holes 22 from the condition whethersthe rod .6 is' more orl less threaded on to the member 13. In the inoperative position the end face ofthe boss 24 and the end face of the abutment 19 press against each otherand the burner is out of operation. "The pitch of the threaded shank I i 12 on one end of the rod 6 is one half the pitch lof the threads 9 on the other end of the rod 6 and the head isprevented in lits rotation by pinsv 26 threaded in the casing 1 which teri f' posite ends of the'rod than those on the shank ent; that is to say, ferent number justing action is secured upon the atomizer head such that not only is the boss 24 which vforms a primary valve moved to and `from theabutment 19 but the non-rotary combined member 13 and plate 15 which form v a vsecondary valve are also' moved relatively y sixteen threads to the said abutment;

' vAssuming' that the threads 9 are v eight threads per inch andthat the shank 12 has per inch: in rotating the rod 6 for one revolution in the direction to unwind the same, the rod will be displaced from the casing for rotate, the same will unwind for a revolution the openings 23 ofthe is establishedby the position -valve recedes from about 3 mm. and as the head cannot and become ydisplaced on the rod for a distance of 1.5 mm. with the result'that the opening 23 will be opened for 1.5mm. and also the openings 22` will be simultaneously opened for exactly -the same amount.

The liquid fuel admittedv to the .burner traverses the socket 25 and driven by pump or reaching the burner from an elevated fuel ltank :iows'through the ports "22, 22 in the plate 13 to issue `across the openings 22Min the cavity 20. '.Inthese'ports the liquid cur# rents strikeagainst each other atv acertain angle, the impact initiating the splitting up (disintegration)`of the luidgjth same effect takes place in the ports 23, 23of the plate 15 and in all the pairs of ports. .In a'second place another impact takes place between the streams of fuel which issue from the openof the plate 13 and lthe ports 23Y of the plate 15, the fuel assuming then a-rotary motion. y An `increased speed of the liquid which is` about 3.meters per second, results from the fact that the two combined streams of liquid from the ports 22, 22 and 23, 23 respectively have to pass through'the and. 23 in a unit of time and hence the atomizing takesrplace in a perfect manner without requiring the necessity of a small exit opening 21 for which rearelatively small ports 22 son -it is not requisite that there should be a preheating of the fuel provided that it is in 'such a condition that dilliculty at` th'edesired pressure.

rlhe fuel burner according to the present mvention presents also the advantage with' it be pumpedA without respect to the -known burners of the 'kind' that its capacity can be regulated within wideY limits and this by simply regulating the rod 6 and with this regulation the amount ofthe` l 1o' Itis also to be understood that the device j a openings of the holes 22 and 23,.

may be-used forthe spraying o f any liquids ichas oil, crude oil, paint, water and the 1 e. v l

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and Patent is desire to secure by Letters 1 1. Improved liquid sprayer comprising in combination `a casing lhavingga closed end,

means for supplying liquid thereto, a longitudinal shank extending within the casing,

a primary valve at'one end of the shank, a-

liXed abutment on the closed end of the casingl in line with the primary valve,a second? ary `annular valve in threaded engagement with the primary valve andin sliding engagement with the abutment, two sets of atomizmg ports passing through thewall of the v annular valve, by the abutmentand the other by the valve, means shank is rotated to open the ports the primary the abutment to forman primary one set adapted to be closed.

whereby when the longitudinal intermediate atomizing chamber th'erebe- I tweeny the open one set of ports and at the same time move the annular valve relatively to the abutment and thereby open the second set of ports in the annular valve,- the two' sets of ports being simultaneously, identically and gradually opened or closed, and an out` let port in the fixed abutment t'o directionally discharge the atomized liquid.

2. A liquid sprayer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the longitudinal shank, diiierentially screw threaded at its two ends and adapted to permit proportionate control of the sets of ports and ot' the capacity of the atomizing chamber respectively, the threading at one end engaging the casirg, an annular valve in screw threaded engagement with the threadv ing on the other end of the shank and means for preventing the rotation of the annular valve.

'3. A liquid sprayer as claimed in claim l, wherein the secondary valve comprises a pair of non-rotatory tubular members maintained in face contact, and a plurality of sets of ports in each 4contacting face, those in one face being circularly displaced relatively to those in the other face and each set of ports comprising a pair of tangentially directed intersecting passages opening on the external .pe-

.riphery of the corresponding tubular member and coverging into a single passage opening on to the internal periphery of the tubular member and the passage from one set of ports being opposed tothat from the other set. of ports, the whole forming a system of vatenlizing ports and an internal atomizing chamber. I

4. Improved liquid'sprayer comprising a casing, a closure therefor with discharge ori-- Atice therein, a longitudinal shank within said casing, an open ended chamber carried at the en'd of said shank constituting an atomizing chamber, a fixed abutment engaging the free end and within the chamber, atomizing ports establishing communication 'between the said chamber and the casing and means whereby when the shank is turned, movement of the shank relative to the xed abutment will cover or uncover the ports, thereby simultaneously proportionately varying the capa.- city of 'the atomizing chamber and the opening or closing of the atomizing ports.

5. Improved liquid sprayer comprising a casing, a closure therefor with discharge orifce therein, a longitudinal shank within said casing, an open ended non-rotating chamber carried at the end of said shank constituting lan atomizing chamber, a iiXed abutment enf gaging the free end and within the chamber,

atomizing ports establishing communication between the said chamber and the casing and means whereby when the shankis turned,

the end of the shank is diiierentially moved in relation to the movement of the side walls of the chamber, and .the upper wall thereof relatively tothe xed abutment, movement of the shank relative to the xed abutment covering or uncovering the ports, thereby simultaneously proportionately varying the capacity of the atomizing chamberand the opening or closing of the atomizing ports.

6. Improved liquid sprayer comprising a casing, a closure therefor with discharge orilice therein, a longitudinal shank within said casing, an open ended chamber carried at the end of said shank,.a set of atomizing ports formed in the chamber wall adjacent to the said end of the shank, a fixed abutment engaging the free end of and within the eham- 1 'ENRICO' PIETRO DE ZAN.-

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