US1751140A

US1751140A - Keg-imprecnating device, etc

Info

Publication number: US1751140A
Application number: US659869A
Authority: US
Inventors: Field Crosby
Original assignee: National Aniline and Chemical Co Inc
Current assignee: National Aniline and Chemical Co Inc
Priority date: 1923-08-29
Filing date: 1923-08-29
Publication date: 1930-03-18
Anticipated expiration: 1947-03-18

Description

March 18, 1930. c. FIELD 1,751,140

KEG IMPREGNATING DEVICE, ETC

Filed Aug. 29, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet l ATTORNEYS March 18, 1930. c. FIELD KEG IMPREGNATING DEVICE, ETC

Filed Aug. 29, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Q05 75% I Kym,

755 ATTORNEY$ Patented Mar. 18, 1930 cairn v5;;

CROSBY FIELD, OF-YONKERS, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO NATIONAL ANILINE & CHEMI CAL '00., ING, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION 01 NEW YORK KEG-IMPREGNATING DEVICE, ETC.

Application filed. August 29, 1923.

vThis invention relates to an impregnated keg or other slmilar wooden container which is intended to be used for the transportation 'or storage of various products which are inured by the loss of their moisture content to the atmosphere through the walls of the container, or by the absorption of moisture from the atmosphere through these walls.

The deterioration or loss of various chemical products by reason of leakage through the walls of the container presents a serious problem, especially when the materials are to be transported for great distances, and it has been common practice; hitherto to make use of a container which has been treated with various substances which are intended to prevent such leakage. One form of container used for this purpose consists of a keg, the staves and heads of which have been immersed in an inert material, usually heated, and the impregnation takes place throughout thesurfaces of the container and the impregnating material enters'to aconsiderable depth into the wood. Such a container as this, however, is not altogether satisfactory, as it is found that this complete impregnation makes the wooden parts more or less brittle and the keg does not stand up in service. Also if the parts are treated prior to their assembly, then the staves are not bound together and leakage may occur between the edges of the staves and also between the staves and edges of the heads.

Another method by which attempts have been made to solve the problem consists in introducing a coatingunaterial such as par- .arffin into the ke throu h the bun hole closing the bung and rocking or manipulating the keg so as to bring the molten. paraffin into contact with all of the inner surfaces. The

bung is then removed and the surplus liquid drained off. By this method the entire inner surface of the keg is coated with a layer of inert material, but it is found that such a coating is likely to chip or flake off in service. This is perhaps due to the fact that the pores of the wood are filled with air and the paraffin spreading over the surface seals the air in the pores. This confined air, expanding and contracting upon temperature changes,

Serial No. 659,869.

serves to loosen the paraffin lining and cause it to chip off in spots. It is possible, also, that this confined air forms a thinfilm between the paraffin and the wood fibre, which preing :loose of particles of the coating not only makes an imperfect lining, but the loosened material enters the contents of the keg'and in many cases this is a detrimental cont-amination.

The object of the present invention is to provide a keg which is impregnated in such a manner as to have a lining of inert material which is continuous and not easily chipped off, and also to provide a keg so impregnated as not to weaken the material forming the. staves, Another ob3ect of the invention 1s to provide a process and apparatus by which such an impregnation process, may be carried on with a minimum expenditure of the im pregnating material. v r

in producing the new impregnated keg the first step in the process is the evacuation of the keg by means'of a vacuum pump. With the vacuum maintained the molten paraffin is introduced into the keg and caused to cover all of the interior surfaces thereof. The

evacuation serves to free the pores of the wood from air bubbles or to remove the-air. film, as the case may be, and the lmpreg'nating material is absorbed to a slight depth in these walls. After the impregnating material has been allowed to remain in contact with the walls for such a length of time as is found necessary to produce a product of the desired characteristics, it is allowed to flow out so as to leave a thin film or coating on the walls. The vacuum is then broken and the air rushing in from the atmosphere not only serves to cool and solidify this coating,

but also exerts a force upon it,tending to 1 ing the factors of time, vacuum, air pressure,

7 temperature, and amount of paraffin, the coating is easily controlled and made suitable for the particular service desired. This impregnating film protects the product 111 the container and prevents theloss or absorption of moisture through the container walls but does not extend into'these walls such a distance as would impair the strength of the wood. The keg then'is substantially as strong as an untreated keg, since the great part of the thickness of the staves is in its Also the original unimpregnatedcondition. impregnating material is firmly bound in place and does not readily chip or flake. At the conclusion of the treatment the excess of impregnating material, which is still molten,

is recovered and returned to a suitable vat or as desired. '7 g 7 One form of apparatus by which the proctank from which it may again be withdrawn ess, above briefly described, may be carried on is illustrated in the form in which it is at present preferred in the accompanying drawings, in which 7 f Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-section showing a keg in position in the apparatus, the keg being shown partially in elevation,

.Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic elevation showing the complete lay-out,

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view on the line 33 of Fig. 1, and

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view onthe line 44 of Fig. 1. y

In these drawings there is shown a vessel 5, provided with

hollow trunnions

6, 6 extending from the outer wallsthereof. This vessel may be of any desired material but is preferably constructed of metal, such as iron or steel, provided with a layer of heat insulatingmaterial 7. e V

The vessel is supported on the

trunnions

6, 6 in

suitable bearings

8, 8 supported on

legs

9, 9 in any convenient location. At its upper end the vessel is provided with a cover 10,

hinged as at 11, which may be locked in place by means of a quick-acting latch 12, hinged on the wall of the vessel at a pointopposite the cover hinge. The rim of the vessel is provided with a channeled member 13 in which is mounted a packing ring 14 by means of which the cover may be sealed so as to make an air-tight joint with the end of the vessel. On its inner face the cover is provided with guide flanges 15 which serve to center and hold in position the keg 16 which is to be treated. The inner walls of the vessel are also provided with guide members 1' 7,

secured to the walls in any desired manner I and shaped to conform to the shape of the keg.

' Welded or otherwise secured to the inner walls of the vessel in any desired manner is a head 18, this head being spaced inwardly from the lower end of the vessel so as to form a chamber 19 having a capacity equalto or preferably greater than 'the capacity of the keg. This head has a plurality of supports 20 extending upwardly from its upper'surface, the supports being so arranged that the ends of the keg staves will rest upon them so The head is, also provided with a plurality of spaced apertures 21.

as to support the keg.

bears at one end against the plate 23 and at the other against the inner face of the flange 25. As will be seen in Fig. 1, when a keg 16 is placed in position to rest on the supports 20 with its bung 28 downward, the sleeve 24 will be forced upward by means of its spring to force the gasket 26 against the head, so

that the keg is resilientlyheld against th trunnionis closed by a cap 30, provided with a gasket 31'through which extends a pipe '32 which forms part of thevacuumdine. As 1 will be seen in Fig. 2, this pipe 32 is provided with a gauge 33, and a valve 34 and is connected to a receiver 35 which is also in communication with the vacuum pump. The

7 other trunnion is provided with a similar cap and

gasket

30, 31 and through this cap eX- tends the end of a pipe 36, the lower end of which enters a vessel 37 in which the impreghating material is to be heated. Referring particularly to Fig. 2, it will be noted that this vessel isprovided with a steam coil 38 and with a float 39 having an indicating rod '40 extending upwardly therefrom and serving to indicate the level of the liquid in the 'tank on a scale 41 located at a convenient point near the trunnions. 'There is a valve 42 in the line 36 so that the flow of liquid through this line may be controlled. .EX-

tending downwardly from the trunnion 6, i

which is in communication with the line 36,

is a pipe 43, provided with a T 44 to which is connected a nipple 45, extending through the wall of the vessel and connected by suitable fittings to a T 46, connected with a nipple 47 extending downwardly and a long nipple 48 extending upwardly therefrom, the upper nipple being of sufficient length to extend through the sleeve '24; and enter the keg through the bung hole. The various threaded connections, by means of which the nipple 48 is connected to the nipple 45, permit of a certain freedom of movement in the position taken by the nipple so that in case the bung hole in the keg is not exactly centered the sleeve may be moved in the arcuate aperture 22 in the head 18, and the nipple may also be swung so as "totake the position necessary for it to enter the bung hole. Thisfreedom of movement is illustrated in Fig. 4;.

At the lower end the vessel is provided with a domed head 49 at the bottom of which is .an aperture50 encircled by-a channeled flange 51, in which is mounted a gasket 52 and overlying this aperture is a flap door 53, hinged at 54 to the end wall. Mounted in any desired manner below the vessel, as is shown in Fig. 2, is a conical tank 55 provided in its lower end with a screen56 and an outlet 57, this outlet directing the contents of the tank into the heated tank 37.

The vessel is also provided with an upstanding handle 58, by means of which it may be rocked .on its'trunnions for a purpose later to be described.

In operation the keg 16 is placed in the position shown in Fig. 1, with the nipple 48 e;\'- tending through the bung hole and the keg properly centered by the guides 15 and 111'. The cover 10 isthen closed and locked in position. The vessel is now rotatedon its trunnions so as to place the keg with its longitudinal axis vertical, with the bunghole up, and the flap door closed by gravity. The valve in the paraifin line is now closed and the vessel placed in communication with the vacuum line by opening the valve 34. This exhausts the interior of the vessel and the keg and is carried on until the desired degree of vacuum is indicated on the gauge 33. The

vacuum line is then closed, the parafiin line opened anda quantity of paraflin admitted to the keg suificient to fill it, this amount being indicated by the float moving the rod l0 over the scale 41. After the desired amount of paraffin has flowed into the keg the paraflin line is closed and the keg rocked to the reverse position, as is shown in Fig; 1, with the bung hole down. The paraffin the-n flows out into the chamber 19 below the head 18 and in doing so a thin film of parallin is left on the inner walls of the keg. The vacuum is now broken and this film is immediately solidified and forced into the walls of the lzeg by atmospheric pressure! Upon the breaking of the vacuum the flapper valve '53 immediately :opens, since it has been held in position only y t he vacuum, and the paraffin flows out into the conical tank 55, thence through the screen and to the heated tank. From time to time additional paraflin is placed in the heated tank as may be desired. Upon-the removal of the excess paratfin the operation is carried on with vessel is rotated to any desired position, the latch unlocked,the cover opened and the keg is then removed and a new one inserted.

It will be seen that by this process the keg is impregnated to a slight depth which may only over the stavesbut across the seams between them. The expenditure of pa'raliin is, therefore, relatively small and the coating great rapidity. It has been found that a coating applied by this new process is not only uniform but also firmly bound in place so that it hits no tendency to chip off so that leakage may occur.

While the new container has been 'illus trated and described in the form of a wood keg impregnated with as the inert material, it will be seen that various other forms of container may be produced with equal facility, and that'other impregnating material may also be used. 'The'process of treatment for the production of such containers, however, remains substantially the same, regardless of the shape and formof the container, the material of which itfis made, and the material with which it "is inipregnated.

I claim:

1. A process for partially impregnating the walls of acontainerwhi'cl-i comprises submitting the container to a vacuum, introducing a liquid impregnating medium into the container while maintaining the vacuum, j

withdrawing the 'eiices inedium *to-leai-e a film thereof over anew-auger the eont'arner and thereafter breaking the vacuum ile the material in the iii-m is still in a liquid condition.

2. A processes for partially impregnating the walls of a container 'w'h l1 eomprises submitting the contain r to-a vac li lh mg the container with a ll -u1d imp medium, allowing the me chum to'drain fnom the container to leave a thin :lilm of the medium on walls thereof and then break;

the vacuum while the material in the film is still liquid.

A process' for partially impregnating the walls of a container which comprises placing the container :in a closed chamber, exhausting the ol ramiber and container, intro duel ng a liquid impregnating medium into the container while maintaining the vacuum, allowing the excess liquid material tho-drain from the container into the chamber to leave a thin film of thetrne'dium on the inneriuvialls of the :eontaianer :a n'd ftlhen breaking the vacuum to solidify this film. I

LA process :fer partially pregnaitimrg the walls of .a containerwhich comprises placing the container in a closed chamber, exhausting the chamber and container, introducing molten parafiin into the container While maintaining the vacuum, allowing the excess paraflin to drain from the container "removalof the impregnatingcmedium.

6. Apparatus for partially impregnating the walls of a container which comprises a vessel, resilient means for supporting a con taincr therein, means for exhausting the vessel and container, means for introducing an impregnating liquid into the container while thevacuum is -maintained, and a compartment in the vessel" adapted to receive theli uid introduced into the container.

Apparatus for partially impregnating the walls of a container which comprises a rotatably mounted vessel, provided with an air-tight closure at one end, a resilient support within the vessel fora container, a compartment in theother endof the vessel, a closure for the compartment, means for exhausting the vessel and container and means for introducing an impregnating liquid into the container through thecompartment whilev maintaining the vacuum.

8. Apparatus for partially impregnating the Walls'of a containerwh'ich comprises a .vessel'having an air-tight closure at one end, a head in the vessel providing a compartment in the other end thereof, means mounted in the head for resiliently supporting a con tainer against the closure, means for ,ex-'

hausting the vessel and container, means for introducing an impregnating liquid into the container and an outlet'communicating with the compartment.

, .9. Apparatus for partially impregnating the walls of a container which comprises a vessel provided with a closure at one end andan .apertured head within the vessel forming a compartment. in the other end, means for resiliently supporting a container within the vessel, a vacuum pump communicating with the vessel through valved connections, a source of supply of impregnating liquid communicating with the vessel, and an outlet for the liquid from a compartment.

10. Apparatus for partially impregnating the walls of a container which comprises a vessel, a support for a container therein,

' means for sealing the vessel, a vacuum pump in communication with the vessel, a supply container, a supply of impregnating material,

means for introducing such material into the contalner while the vacuum 1s mamtalned and means for lndlcating the amount of material so introduced.

12. Apparatus for partially impregnating the walls of aicontainer which comprises a vessel supportedon hollowtrunnions and provided with a head forming. a compartment in communication with the main body of the vessel, a closure for the vessel, an outlet from the compartment provided with a closure, a resilient support for a container. within the vessel, a vacuum pump'connected with the interior of the vessel through an aperture in the wall thereof and through one of the trunnions, a supply of impregnating material connected with the other trunnion, a'pipe from this trunnion extending through the wall of the vessel and havingits end portion adapted to enter the container, a handle on the vessel for rocking the latter to permit the'liquid in the container to drain into the compartment, and an outlet from the comy partment provided with a closure.

13. Apparatus for partially impregnating the walls of a container which comprises a vessel supported on hollow trunnions and provided with a head forming a compartment in communication with the main body of the vessel, a closure for the vessel, an outlet from the compartment provided with a closure, a resilient support for a container within the vessel, a vacuum pump connected with the interior of the vessel through an aperture in the wall thereof and through one of the trunnions, a supply of impregnating material connected with the other trunnion, a pipe from this trunnion extending through the wall of the vessel and having its end portion adapted to enter the container, a handle on the vessel for rocking the latter to permit the liquid in the container to drain into the compartment, an outlet from the compartment, and means disposed below the vessel for restoring to the source of supply the liquid drained from the compartment.

14:. Apparatus for partially impregnating the walls of a container which comprises a vessel, a support for a container therein, a head in the vessel forming a compartment in communication with the main body thereof,

means for exhausting the vessel and container, means for introducing an impregnating liquid into the vessel while a vacuum is maintained, means for rocking the vessel to permit the material to flow from the'container into the compartment and means for automatically releasing the liquid from the compartment When the vacuum is broken.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

CROSBY FIELD.