US1750453A - Tractor - Google Patents

Description

March 11, 1930. w, i. BALLENTINE ET AL 1,750,453

TRACTOR Filed June 1e, 1923 11 Sheets-Sheet 1 March 11, 1930.

w. I. BALLENTINE ET AL 1,750,453

macron Filed June 16, 1923 11 Sheets-Sheet 2 fiz/eiziorax WcZZa'amffialaii/zihe 3,

March 11, 1930. w. 1. BALLENTINE ET AL 1,750,453

TRACTOR Filed June 16, 1923 ll Sheets-Shet 5 March 11, 1930.

w. I. BALLENTINE l'rr AL TRACTOR ll Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed June 16, 1925 March 1930. w. 1. BALLENTINE ET AL TRACTOR- Filed June 16, 1923 11 Sheets-Shet 5 [raven/60215,

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Hlllw Hum . l. BALLENTINE ET AL 1,750,453

TRACTOR Filed June 16, 1923 ll Sheets-Sheet 6 March 11, 1930.

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March 1930- w. l. BALLENTINE El AIL TRACTOR Filed June 16, 1923 ll Sheets-Sheet 8 Irv/62260715? ffiallenrzef March 11, 1930.

w. l. BALLENTINE ET AL 1,750,453

nuca'bn Filed Jund 16, 1923 11 Sheets-Sheet 9 Mew/Zara;

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March 1 l, '1930.

w. I. BALLENTINE El ,AL 1,750,453

TRACTOR Fil ed June 16, 1923 11 Sheets-Sheet 1o Patented Mar. 1 1 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE? WI LIAM I. BALLENTINE m) PAUL a. rnortrson, or LA roars, INDIANA, ASSIGN- -ons r ADVAIN'OE-RUMELY company, or LA roman,- INDIANA, a coaroaa'rron or INDIANA Application filed June 18 i I The present invention relates to tractors and while we have shown and-described a machine more especially adapted as a culti-' By this invention we have provided a trac-' tor so organized as to effectively combine in itself the improvements herein set forth and accomplish the following objects: The provision of a novel and improved power transmission means; to provide a tractor with 1923. Serial No. 045,751;

the clutching means to the wheels, including geaging, and drive members rotatable about a shaft driven by the engine so that when the gears locli, the drive members rotate with the shaft as a unitflbut when the gears operate for reverse drive the drive members rotatein a reverse direction to that of the shaft; to providea novel and improved control means to enable the operator to easily and efl'ectively control the operation of the tractor from the o erators seat; to provide controllingmeans or controlling power transmission means having clutching the operation of the power transmitting mechanism for effecting diflerent independent driving operations of the wheels and means for controlling the operation of the clutching mechanisms for eflecting the desired driving of the wheels to provide such clutch mechanism with arotatable member, a stationary member and relatively slidable I members, such members preferably all having cooperating clutch elements to effect the desired clutching operation, part of the relatively slidable members being preferably mounted to rotate with the rotatable member when the clutch elements of the rotatable m'em'ber and one or more of the relatively slidable members engage to effect a driving connection to the wheel, and to beheld relatively stationary when the clutch elements of the stationary member and one or more 0f the relatively 'slidable members engage to effect a reverse driving operation of the wheels; to provide the clutches with the eleen at di'flferentspeeds either forwardor rearward, oreven with one wheelj drivenjn one direction and the other wheel being driven in an opposite direction, the elements preferably havin the requisite slippage when desired to e ect varied driving power and steering; to provide improved reversing means such that when the clutch operates to may be directly driven from the engine, and when the clutch operates to effect a reverse driving operation, reversing gears will be thrown into operation to efiect a reverse driving of the wheels; to provide the power transmission means with driving connections from ments so ,related that the wheels may be driveffect a drive in one direction, the wheels means for different operations of the wheels, as well as to efiect a braking action on the wheels, and whereby the wheels may be operated at different speeds and the tractor steered as desired; to enclose the power transmission means, as well as the controlling means, in a housing; to provide the controlling means with rein operated control scams,

or drums or sheaves carrying the control cams, together with means operatively con,-

nected to the drums, preferably, to the cams,

and to the power transmitting means, preferably one of the relatively slidable meinbers of the clutching mechanism; to provide the control means preferably with cams for op I erating the brakes for the wheels; to rotatably mount'the rein drums on'a cross member, preferably a shaft-located and su ported in the housing, the drums being pre erably arranged in vertical position, and reins being connected thereto and extending to the exterior of-th'e housing for the manual operaa tion of the drums in one 'rection of rotation v thereof, and to also preferabl provide springs connected to the drumsan to a fixed part,cfor rotating the drums in an opposite.

direction from that effected by the manual operation of the reinsjto provide pinions on the drive members, and gears diiven by the pinion on jack-shafts which are preferably located in the housing in substantially parallel relation to the shaft driven by the engine; to provide for applying the brake action upon the gears, driven by such pinion, thus bringing the braking j nearer to the wheels than if applied to the clutch mechanism and reducing back lashing in the train and are inherently possessed by the invention.

of parts operatively running to the wheels from the clutching mechanism; to provide novel means for mounting the machine on wheels and operating the wheels, including hollow axle housings secured directly to the engine block orsupport; to provide the housing for the power, transmitting means and the control means with end and intermediate walls in which the engine driven shaft is rotatably mounted, preferably in bearings provided in such walls, the intermediate wall, preferably also carrying bearings for the jack-shafts; further to provide improved means for automatically modifying the operation when going into a cramp that might occur between the tractor and the drawn implement when backing or turning too sharply; further to provide an improved form of draft mechanism for transmitting the draft from the tractor to the drawn implement;

further to provide improved means for guiding the reins to the interior of the control mechanism casing and prevent the entry of dust thereinto; further the provision of an improved wheel construction with means for reversibly connectingthe same to the axle; and such further objects, advantages and capabilities as will later more fully appear In the drawings illustrating a preferred embodiment of the invention,.Fig. 1 is a top plan view of a tractor embodying the invention gFig. 2 is a side view of the same; Fig. 3 is a detail view in section of one of the rein drums; Fig. 3 is a detail viewof the connection of the rein with the drum; Fig. 4 is a side View, partly in section, of the power transmitting and controlling mechanism of the tractor; Fig. 5 is a rear view of the tractor showing the mechanismfor hitching a drawn or trailed implement to the tractor; 6 is a top plan view of a detail of the hitch mech-] anism shown in Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is a vertical transverse sectional view taken through the housing for the power transmitting and controlling mechamsm at the rear thereof; Fig. 8 is a detail view, partly in section, of one of the controlling elements; Fig. 9 is a horizontal sectional view of the power transmitting mechanism and the controlling mechanism; Fig. 10 is a top plan view, partly in section, of the controlling'mechanism. with parts of the power transmitting mechanism and the automatic mechanism for correcting acramp hitch; Fig. 10 is a transverse sectional view of part ofthe automatic cramp preventin mechanism; Fig, llois a detail view, par tdy in section, of the brake mechanism; Fig. 12 is a transverse sectional view of the controlling mechanism including the locking mechanism cooperative therewith; Figs. 13, 14,15, 16 and 17 are schematic views of the controlling and locking mechanism, showing the various positions of different operations; and Fig. 18 is a transverse sectional view of an axle and axle housiifg for the wheels. v

Referrin now more particularly to the drawings, t 1e invention is shown as embodied in a tractor comprising a power plant 1, preferably of the internal combustion type, supported upon a pair of bull wheels 2 rotatably mounted at the outer ends of a pair of axle housings 3 rigidly fastened or secured to the sides of the engine frame or block by any suitable means, as by bolts 4. At the rear end of engine 1 is rigidly attached a housing 5 within which is located the power transmitting means and the control therefor, for the driving of the wheels 2. At the rear end of the housing 5 is attached a hitch mechanism 6 to which is connected the reaches 7 and 8 of a drawn implement suitably supported upon an axle 9 and wheels 10 and 11 as clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 2. A seat 12 for the driver may be supported by any suitable means 13 fastened to the drawn implement. A pair of reins 14 and 15 extend from the mechanism in the housing 5 to the seat 12 where they may be manually operated by the driver on the seat as will be later more fully explained.

Referring now more particularly to Figs. 4, 8, 9' and 12, the engine 1 has a crank shaft 16 extending rearwardly out of the engine casing and rigidly provided at its rear end with a coupling plate 17 to which is bolted a coupling plate, 18 by means of bolts 19. The coupling member 18 is multi-keyed to the end 20 of a tail shaft 21 extending rearwardly through the housing 5 and rotatably mounted in ball bearings 22 and 23 supported in an intermediate wall 24 and an end wall 25 respectively of the housing 5, the rear wall 26 of the engine casing or frame forming a forward end wall for the housing 5.

The power transmitting means comprises a pair of clutching mechanisms of which one is located at the forward end and the other 'at the rear end of the tail shaft 21. Inasmuch as both of these clutching mechanisms are identical, one of the clutching mechanisms being of utility to control thepower driven to one of the bull "wheels and the other to the other wheel, only one such mechanism will be described herein but the same reference characters will be used on both as they correspond in elements. The forward clutching mechanism comprises arotatable member 27, preferably in the form of a fly wheel, having a web 28 rigidly secured to the coupling plates 17 and 18 by the bolts 19 as clearly shown in Fig. 9 of the drawing. The other clutching nrechanism comprises a similar rotatable member 29 which, however, is not preferably in' the form of a fly wheel, but has a hub 30 secured to the. rear end of the tail shaft 21 as by means of a key 31 .as clearly shown in anism has a stationary member 32, preferably formed integral with a fixed part of the housing 5. dioth'the rotatable members and the stationary members, referred to above, carry or support clutch members or elements 33 and 34, these elements being preferably in the form of rings mounted in spaced relation and having peripheral notchesor grooves slidably fitting over preferably squared pins or lugs 35 and 36 respectively secured to the rotatable members 27 or 29 and the stationary members 32 to permit said rings to be transversely slidable. Cooperating with these members and elements is a pair of'members 37 and 38,the member 37 being loosely and rotatably supported upon tail shaft 21 by means of a hub portion39, which is held against movement longitudinally ofithe shaft 21 by means of thrust and lock nuts 40 and 41 and the hub of gear 53 as clearly shown in Fig. 9 of the drawing. At the other end of the shaft the hub effects a holding of the rotatable member 37 on the shaft 21 in lieu of the nuts and 41 on the forward end of the shaft. The member 38 is mountedfor rota- 25 tion about the axis of the shaft21 and also to slide longitudinally relatively to the shaft 21 and member 37 The member 38 comprises a pair of plates 42 and 43 bolted together. by means of cross. bolts or lugs 44 extending through peripheral channels or notches 45 formed'in the member 37. 'It will be noted that there is-a given amount of space between the member 37 and the plates 42 and 43 to permit .a certain amount of longitudinal movement ofthe member 38 relative to th member 37, as clearly shown in Fig. 9 of the drawing. Intermediate the plates 42 and 43 and preferably integrally formed with the member 37 is anyannular member 46. Be- 40 tween this annular member 46 and the plates 42 and 43 are disposed the clutch. elements 33 and 34. Alternating with the clutch elements 33 and 34 in the spaces therebetw'een are a plurality of friction members or rings '47 and'48. The clutch elements 33 and 34 are preferably of annular form certain of them having notches or grooves formed in their inner peripheries to fit over the cross lugs 44 secured to the plates 42 and 43 and certain others having notches to slidably fit over the pins carried by the rotatable part 27 and the stationary part 32. When the clutch is in normal non-operable position the 5 rings 47 and 48 are \disposed between the clutch elements (and preferably riveted thereto) so that therefis not suflicient friction to cause operation of the clutch. It will I be noted that the inner friction members are capable of having frictional contact with the member 46 and that theouter friction elements. are capable of frictional contact with I themembers 42, apd. 43, the other friction members having frictional contact with the clutch elements'33 and 34. v c

The member 38 has a hub 51 r0tatably mounted upon a hollow shaft or-sleeve 52 loosely and rotatably mounted upon the tail shaft 21 between the bearing 22 and that portion of the shaft 21 disposed within the member 37 From this it is apparent that the member 38 is freely slidable and rotatable upon the member 52 and-that the member 52 p is freely rotatable upon the shaft 21. Within the member 37 and connected thereto as well 7 asto the shaft 21 and the rotatable member 52 is a geartrain comprising a gear 53 keyed to the shaft 21,and a gear 55suitably keyed or fixed to the inner end of the drive sleeve 52. Operatively connected between 0 gears 53 and 55 are gears 56 and 57, rotatably mounted on studs rigidlysecured to the member 37, and respectively inmesh with gears 53 and 55, see Figs. 7 and 9. 'These gears are arranged to lock together so that i the drive m'ember 52 may rotate with the shaft 21 as a unit when the clutch is in one position, or operate to drive the dri ve member 52 i in a reverse direction to that of the shaft 21 .1 when the clutch is in another position, as will be more fully described later.

. At the other end of the drivejmember 52 is secured, in any suitable manner (or formed \integraktherewith if desired), a pinion 58 in driving niesh-wggh a gear 59 suitably secured V or keyed to a ck-shaft 60 rotatably sup-. ported at one of its ends in-bearing .61 mounted in. the intermediate wall 24 of the housing 5. It will be noted-that there are two. of these jack-shafts independently connected operatively from each power transmission meansat the respective ends of the tail shaft 21. The jack-shaft 60 comprises a-forward section suitably .coupled to the section just described by means ofawoupling 61' and provided with a driving worm 62 in driving engagement with an axle gear 63' (see Fig. 18) suitably fastened to an axle shaft 64 rotatably mounted in an axle housing 3, as in ball bear- 6 'ings'65 and 66 mounted in the ends of the hbusing 3. The outer end of the axle shaft 64 has a flanged head 67 to-which is bolted a bullwheel2, in any suitable manner, as by means of bolts 68, shown in Fig. 18.

Upon the hub 51 of the slidable member 38 n5 is provided a shifter ball-bearing ring 69 to which pivotally connected a forked end or yoke 7 0 of a control lever 71 pivotally mounted-on' a pivot 72 supported in a rigid part of 2 the housing 5. The upper end of the lever 71 is shown in detail inFig. 8 of the drawing and comprises'a. wrist portion 73 carrying a pin 74 fastened. thereto by means of a clampingnut- 75. Formed eccentrically with the pin 74 is a second. pin 76 rotatably ca thereon a cam roller 77 held in position y a washer 78 and a cotter pin 79, or other suitable fastening means. The cam roller .77 is.

I capableof rotating in a cam groove or chaniao nel 80 provided in one side of a rein drum 'When the rein drums are operated so as to move a lever 71, as for example, to move the yoke or fork 70 to the right, when viewing the left hand clutch, or to the left, when viewing the righthand clutch, shown in Fig. 9 of the drawing, the slidable member 38 will be shifted so as to cause frictional engagement of the clutch elements 43, 33, 47 and 46 whereby the same will be carried with the rotating member 27 and pins 35, and hence withthe shaft 21. member 38 as well as the member 37 and the parts carried thereby, particularly the gears 56 and 57. Inasmuch as the gear 53,is rotating in the same direction at the same rate of speed, the gears will lock together as well as with gear 55 and carry the same with the" drive member 52 in the same direction of rotation and at the same rate as the tail shaft 21. This will drive the pinion 58 in like di- Y rection and with the same speed to operate the gear 59' and hence the wheel atthe right hand side of the tractor (the upper wheel shown in Fig. 1 of the drawing). If the Other rein drum is operated the same way, the other clutch mechanism will similarly operate to drive ,the left hand wheel of the tractor, it being understood that the yoke 70 and the clutch elements moved thereby will move in one direction for the clutch mechanism of one wheel, and in the opposite direction for the clutch mechanism of the other Wheel. In this'way both wheels of the tractor will rotate to drive the tractor forwardly. If now the control lever-is shifted in the opposite position by the rein drum, or the cams carried thereby, the, slidable member 38 will be shifted to the left for the fiy wheel clutch or to theright for the other clutch, as viewed in Fig. 9 of the drawing, and will cause frictional tightening up of the clutch elements 42, 48, 34 and 46 to the elfect'of holding the rotatable members 37 and 38 stationary by reason of the elements 34 slidably moving longitudinally of pins 36, and clamping elements 42 and '46 to stationary element 32. During gaged so that the rotatable members 27 and 29, which are fixed to the shaft of the engine and tail-shaft, may rotate freely without affecting the clutches due to slippage between the parts on' the respective sides of the clutches. Inasmuch as the member 37 is now This causes a like rotation of the this operation the clutch elements. 43, 33 47 and 46 become frictionally disenheld stationary the gear 53 will cause a rotation of the gears 56 and 57 about their respective studs, and hence a reverse rotation of the gear 55. This will cause a reverse rotation of the drive member 52 about the shaft 21 and thus, through the meshed gears 58 and 59, drive the wheel in reverse or rearward direction. If both rein drums are operated alike, both clutch mechanisms will be similarly operated to drive both wheels backward and hence the tractor. It will be noted that during the first operation above described when the clutch is operated to effect a forward drive, and when the elements 43," 33, 47 and 46 were brought into frictional clutching engagement, the elements 42, 48, 34 and 46 were brought into frictional disengagement so that the rotatable members 37 and 38 and the'parts carried thereby could rotate idly and freely with respect to the clutch elements 34 and 48, which are held stationary by the studs 36. If it be desired to operate one wheel at avdifferent rate than the other for the purposes of steering, whether forward drive or rear drive, the controlling levers may be shifted to the extent of permitting the clutch to slip, so that one clutch may be made to run positive or to slip to a certain amount while the other clutch may be made to slip with a greater amount whereby the wheel driven by the latter may operate at a slower speed than the other. Or, on the other hand, if it be desired to drive one wheel in one direction and the other wheel in the opposite, the controlling lever of one clutching mechanism may be operated to shift the clutch mechanism to drive one wheel for forward drive and the other lever operated to operate the other clutch mechanism to operate the other wheel in the opposite direction. This is effected by pulling upon one rein and appropriately releasing the other. i

In order that theoperation of the tractor and the wheels thereof may be effectively slowed down, a brake mechanism is provided including a pair of brake levers 82'pivotally mounted upon pivots 83 supported within the casing 5. The lower endof the lever is recessed to contain a friction block 84, prefer- I ably made of frictional material such as wood or the like, capable of being brought into frictional engagement with a lateral face 85 of a member fixed to the shaft 60, as the gear 59. The upper end of the lever 82 carries a cam roller 86 operating over a cam surface 87 of the rein drum.

Thelbrake lever is shown 'in detail in Fig. 11 of-the drawing. The roller 86 is rotatably mounted upon a pin 88 carried by a slidable member 89 slidably mounted into a threaded sleeve 90, thelatter being threaded to the uper end of the lever 82. The slidable memer 89 has a shank 91 connected at its rear end to a pair of adjusting nuts 92 and 93 and alock and limited in its movement by the nut 92 coming in contact with the rear end of the sleeve 90. The lock me'mber 94 is provided with afiange adapted to contact with a flattened surface of the sleeve 90 to prevent the turning of the lock member 94. The nuts 92 and 93 also act as lock nuts. 'In order to prevent the rotation or turning of the slidable member 89 within the sleeve 90, the lever 82 carries a lock plate 98 secured to lever 82 by a bolt 99. The upper edge 100 of the plate 98 is made square or flat to seat against the lower edges of the two side legs of the member 89, so that the latter will seat squarely against the edge 100 of the plate 98, thus being preventedin turningby the latter. The nuts 92 and 93 may be adjusted" tb vary the spring pressure effective uponthe roller 86 pressing against the cam surface upon the rein drum, and threaded sleeve 90' may be adjusted to bring this spring into action. 'A. spring 101 may also be connected to the lower end of the lever 82 and to a fixed part of the casing 5 to normally return the-brake block 84 out of engagement with the gear 59. The cams S0 and 87 upon the rein drum, which respec tively operate the control lever and the brake.

lever, are so related'that the swell in the brake cams 87 will operate the brake lever 82 at the time when the control lever is brought intd neutral position when the clutch mechanism is in disengaged or non-driving condition The shaft 21 may also be provided with a mitre gear 102 suitably. keyed or otherwise secured to the shaft 21 and in driving connection or mesh with a mitre gear103 fastened to the end of a shaft 104 rotatably mounted in 1 ball bearings 105 and 106 carried by the easing 5. To the outer end of the shaft 104 may be secured, in any" suitable manner, a pulley 107 or the like for driv ing a belt to' any suitable device desired to be driven thereby.

Referring now more particularly to Figs. 4,

7, 10 and 12 showing the contgollingi'mecha nism, the latter comprises apair of rein drums 81 located withinthe housing 5 and rotatably mounted upon across member or shaft 108 having its my ends mounted in sidewalls of the housing 5 and pref-.

erably held in stationary position. These rein drums or sheaves are provided on their peripheries with rein receiving channels 109 for the purpose of guiding the reins-14 and 15 thereabout: Figures 3 and 3 show the mode of attaching the end of the rein to the drum. The drumis provided with a sldt 110 into which extends the inner end 111 of the rein. To this end 111 of the rein is attached a pair of flanged members 112 and 113 by means of a bolt 114, the flanges of the members112 and 113 being adaptedto contact'with the inner surface of the drum when the rein is .drawn tight against the drum so as to prevent the end of the rein from becoming disconnected from the drum, as clearly shown in Fig. 3 of the drawing. The rein then passes upwardly over an idler pulley 115 rotatably A mounted upon a pin 116 supported in a swivel member 117 rotatably mounted in an 'extension 118 of the casing or housing 5. as clearly shown in Fig. 4 of the drawing. The swivel housing also includes a guiding or cleaner carrying member 119 swivelly'mounted in the member 117, packing 119 in the member 119 serving to maintain the rein-portion entering the housing clean and prevent the entry of dust within the casing. The "swivel member 117 is capable of rotating about a vertical axis, and the guiding or cleaner carrying member 119 may pivot about the horizontal axis 116 to accommodate the direction of pull of the rein.

The eccentric arrangement of pin 76 (Fig.

rotatably fitting upon the cross shaft 108, and

also a web portion 121 connected by means of a bolt 123 to one end of a spring 122, the other endof which is connected to an anchor bolt 125 fixed to a bearing member 125 forming part of the housing 5 and supporting the end of the shaft 108. Each sleeve 124 is provided with a pivot pin 126 to which is pivotally connected a link 127 extending and belng connected to mechanism operable to automatically put the clutches out of or hold them from going into operation when the tractor goes into or is in a cramped position with respect to the implement drawn by the tractor, as will be more fully explained later. The

This adjuxtaposed ends of the hub and the sleeve I spaced from each other that a certain amount of rotation of the member 120 will be permitted before the projection thereon will come in contact with the projection on the member 124, for a purpose to be more fully explained later in connection withthe automatic operation of the cramp mechanism. Normally *the spring 122 reacts against the rein drum 81 to return it to original position after the rein drum has been rotated by a.

pull upon the rein. In other words, therein drum is rotated in one direction by pulling on the rein, and when there is a let-up upon ,the rein the spring 122 will then operate to These projections are so angularly rotate the drum in the opposite direction. In termediate the drum is provided a spacer or sleeve, through which the shaft 108 extends. A pin 131 preferably extends through the .spacer and the shaft 108 to hold the latter rigidly. in place.

The controlling mechanism is designed so that it will be impossible to go directly from forward to reverse or from reverse to forward driving operations without first going through a neutral lock position. In the present invention, the end desired is carried out by providing the control means with locking means cooperating with the rein drums as shown in Figs. 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17 of the drawings. Such locking mechanism comprises a pair of pivotally mounted latches or lock members 132 and 133 rotatably mounted upon a pin 134 supported in a fixed part 135 of the housing 5. The locking members have tail pieces 136 carrying the pivot screw 139 to which are pivotally connected rods 137 and 138, extending upwardly through perforated ears 140 and 141 formed integrally with the member 130. The upper ends of the rods extend above the ears 140 and 141 and are threaded to receive thrust nuts for springs 142 and 143 interposed between said nuts and the ears. These springs normally act to hold the rods in raised position" so as to hold the locking members 132 or 133 in vertical neutral position as shown in full lines in Fig. 15 of the drawings, or as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 17 of the drawing. The lower end of each of the locking members is sector shape and is provided with flanged portions and projections 144 and 145, and at the intermediate portion of the member 132 or 133 is also provided anumber of projections 146, 147 and 148 of which the latter is of greater length than the other two and all spaced from the projections 144 and so as to form between the latter and the intermediate projections a tortuous path or channel 149 and 150 for the travel of a pin 151 carried by each rein sheave or drum, as clearly shown in Figs. 12 and 13 of the drawing. a

In theory the neutral or center position of the lock would be that shown in full lines in Fig. 15 of the drawing, but in practice the lock is operative to lockthe drums from rotat ing in either one or two locking positions, one of which is shown by the full line position of the locking member in Fig. 14 of the drawings and the other of which is shown in the dotted line position of the locking mechanism shown in Fig. 16 of the drawings, depending upon whether the lock took efiect after returning from reverse or from forward driving'operation. For convenience, it will be assumed that the operator desires to bring the tractor to a stop after operating in forward driving position of the mechanism. The; pin 151 during full forward driving operatlon will occupy some position to the left and above the locking mechanism. A corresponding position of the pin for full reverse or rearward driving operation is shown in Fig. 15 of the drawings. Under such conditions the rods 137 and 138 operate to hold the locking members 136 in vertical position as shown in full lines in Fig. 15 of the drawing. If it be then desired by the operator to bring the tractor to a stop, the operator will pull on both reins and cause the drums or sheaves to rotate in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 13 of the drawing. The pin 151 will then be brought into contact with the projection 147 of the locking member 132 or 133. This will cause the locking member to take the position shown in full lines in Fig. 13 of the drawing, the rotating of the locking members thereby drawing the rods 137 and 138 downwardly and compressing the respective spring reacting against it. rearward pull upon the reins will cause the pin 151 to turn the locking member from the full line position to the dotted line position in Fig. 13 of the drawing, until the pin 151 comes into contact with the shoulder 145 in the dotted line position thereof. Further pull upon the reins will be impossible, the pin eing now stopped against the shoulder 145. The projections or shoulders 147 and 145 are so disposed with relation to the path 1 of the movement of the pin 151 as to beengaged by the pin 151 during its travel. In order to bring the device into full stop and locked position, the operator will then let up on the reins, and the drum, by reason of the springs 122 connected thereto, will be rotated in a clockwise direction so as to bring the pin 151 from the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 13 to the full line position thereof in Fig. 14 of the drawing. The pin will then engage the shoulder 147, and by reason of the outer end of the shoulder 147 extending a greaterdistance out from the circle of the path of travel of the pin, the pin 151 will jam against the shoulder 147 and stay in stop-locked position; The reins may then be dropped'by the operator without any danger of'the tractor starting up of its own accord and running away or injuring anyone. With the parts in this position the clutches are in neutral non-engaging position, thus I permitting the engine to run idle if desired, and the brakes upon the gear 59 are applied. If the operator now deslres to operate the tractor backwards he may draw upon the reins to cause the drums to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction so as to draw the pin. 151 from the recess behind the shoulder 147 and cause the pin to pass out of the passage 152 formed between the projection 148 and the shoulder 145 such position being shown in clottedlines in Fig. 14 of the drawing. The pin 151 is now free of the locking mechanism and the operator may continue to draw back- A further 1 'mechanism of the clutch and transmission devices previously described. After the pin 151 disengages from the projection 148 the springs 142 and 143 are free tooperate the rods 137 and 138 to draw-the lockingmem-. bers into vertical theoretically neutral or central position,- as shown in full lines in Fig.

of the drawing. The pin 151 will'then be carrled to a position at the right-hand side or above the drum as viewed from Fig. 15 of the drawings,n 'The coming into full clutch en- 15 gagement of theclutch members will limit the amount of movement of the rotation of the drums and the cams carried thereby. It will thus be obvious that when the drum elementsiare Worn the amount of rotation will be greater but the length of the cams are such rearwardly as desired, if he wishes to bring that they will extend sufficiently to take care of any amount of wear in the clutch mechanism.

After the operator has driven the tractor the tractor to either a stop or to go into forward drive 'he first lets up on the reins so as to permit; the drums to rotate in clockwise direction whereby the pin 151 will return and come into contact with the projection 146 in the position thereof shawni in full lines in Fig.- 15 of the drawings. Further let-up-upon the reins will cause the pin 151 to rotate the looking where the pin 151 has left the projection-146 and has come into. contact with the shoulder 144. Further let-up on the reinwill effect no further rotation of the drums by reason of the pin now being in stopped position against the shoulder 144. This is aposition \where the tractor is stopped or in neutral non-operative position. Now if it be desired by the operator to continue to go into forward operation from this stop position, a slight pull upon the reins will cause the pin 151 to move toward the shoulder 146 and to engage with it on the inner side thereof so as to cause the locking member to move into the dotted line position 0 shown" in Fig.16 of the drawings. The operator then lets up on the reins and the pin will then move away from the shoulder 1'46 and.

' pass out through the passage 153 between the projection 148 and the shoulder 144, the drums and the cams then continuing torotate to the position where the clutches are thrown into full engagement for forward operation of the tractor. The position of the pin 151 just before leaving the passage 153 to go into full operating position, is shown in full lines in Fig. 17 of the drawing. When the pin has left such passage, the lock member is brought into neutral or central position, by the springs member to the full line position) thereof shown in Fig. 16 of the drawings,

may be manipulated to bring the locking pin 151 of the left-hand portion of the locking mechanism into operation stopping position, that is, either that shown in full lines in Fig. 14 or that shown in full lines in Fig. 16 of the drawings. The operator may then 0perate the right-hand rein and turn the drums and operate thelocking pin with reference to the locking member of. the right-hand side of the locking mechanism to efiect. for ard or rearward drive of the right-hand w eel as desired. Such operation will be clear from the above description without further details.

The hitch mechanism for the drawn implement will now be described. The forward I ends of the draft or reach bars 7 and 8 are pivotally connected by means of pivots 154 and 155 to members 156 and 157 which are in turn pivotally connected to vertical pivots 158 and 159 mounted in the upper and lower ends respectivel of avertical bar 160. The lower end of the ar 160 is connected pivotally tp a pivot bolt 161 carried by .a clamp 162 adjustably fastened to a T-shaped cross-rail 163 extending transversely and fastened to the under side of the rear end of the housing 5 by means of bolts 164. The clamp 162 may.be adjustedtransversely of the tractor along the head of the rail 163, as clearly. shown in Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawing. This adjustment may be made where it is desired to draw the trailed implement along a row of plants or furrows which do not lie centrally of the tractor, asto one side thereof, or when the rows or furrows I lie' centrally of the tractor the clamp may be adjusted .to central position as shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings. The adjustment of the clamp is madeby loosening the bolt 165 thereof and then'tightening it again when the desired adjusted position is attained. At the rear upper part of the housing 5 is attached a roller race plate 166 by means of bolts 167 and spacers 168, the spacers 168 being of utility to hold the plate 166m spaced relation with the rear end of the housing 5, as clearly shown in Fig. 6 of the drawings. The upper end of the bar 160 has a forwardly extending portion carrying a pivot 169 upon which is rotatably mounted a roller 17 0, the latter adapted to rideover the inner surface of the roller race plate 166. Inasmuch as the roller 170 is carried by the upper end of the member 160 capableof angular motion about the axis of the pivot stud 161, the roller 170 may ride in an arc path over the inner surface of the 65 143 or 142, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. plate 166, the latter being of sufficient wi dth to permit a free riding on such surface at all times. The purpose of this arc movement is to permit the trailer to rock about a longitudinal horizontal axis as the trailer rides over irregular contour of the ground.

Oftentimes, when making a short turn or in backing, the tractor and the implement drawn thereby may assume such an angular relation to each other as to throw them into a cramped position. To obviate this difficulty the tractor is provided with means for automatically operating upon the control mechanism, inde endent of the action of the operator upon t e reins, to bring the tractor and the implement drawn by it to a stop so as to prevent further cramping. The operator may then manipulate the reins to effect a change in the control mechanism so that the tractor will pull out of the cramp.

The mechanism for stopping the operation when getting into a cramped position is more particularly shown in Figs. 2, 4, 5 and 10 of the drawings, and comprises a pair of bracket members 171, rigidly fastened to the sides of the housing 5 by means of bolts 172, and levers 173 pivotally mounted upon the brackets 171 by ivot bolts .174. The upper ends of levers 1 3 are pivotally connected to links '17 5, the other ends of these links being pivotally connected to crank arms 176 fastened to the outer ends of short shafts 177 rotatably supported in bearings 178 formed in the sides of the housing 5, as clearly shown in Fig. 10 of the drawin s. Each lever 173 comprises a pair of spaced ars formed at their lower ends with diverging portions 179 and 180 so as to form an entry therebetween for a lever or contact arm 181 pivotally mounted between the side members of the levers 173 by means of a pivot 182, as clearly shown in Figs. 4 and 5 'of the drawings. Each lever or arm 181 has a lower depending portion 183 which will lie in the path of the swing of a lower draft bar 8 of the trailed or drawn implement. When the trailed implement is swung to one side to form a cramp with respect to the tractor, as in the dotted line position of the forward end portion of the trailed implement shown in Fig. 10 of the drawings, one of the members 8 will hit against the lower end 183 bf the lever 181 and move the same forwardly. The lever 181 will then contact with a spacer 184 connected to and between the side members of the lever 173 and cause the latter to move about the pivot'174 and to move the link 175 rearwardly thus plulling upon the crank arm 176 and turning t e short shaft 177.

Within the casing or housing 5 is pivotally mounted a cross bar 185 by means of a pivot 186 supported b the housing 5, and having end slots 187 eac receiving an n per rounded end of an arm 188 secured to t e inner end of each of theshort shafts 177. Each arm 188 has rigid therewith a second arm 189 pivotally connected to a link 127, the latter having an elongated slot 190, in which is adapted to play a pin or pivot 191 of the arm 189. In the foregoin description the link 127 was described as eing pivotally connected at its other end to the sleeve members 124 as shown in Fig. 12 of the drawings.

The forward end of the lower draft bars or members 8 may be pivotally connected together or bolted by means of a bolt 192 (see Fig. 10). One of the connected members may have a tongue 193 bolted between a pair of tongues forming side portions of the member 156 or 157 pivoted to the vertical bar 160 by the pivot bolt 158 or 159 as clearly shown in Figs. 4 and; 10 of the drawings.

Whenever the drawn implement reaches a cramped position, such as in the dotted line position thereof shown in Fig. 10 of the drawings, one of the reaches 8 will contact the end 183 of one of the levers 181 to effect a rocking of one of the shafts 177. Assuming that the cramp is made on the left-hand side of the tractor and drawn implement as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 10 of the drawings, the left-hand lever 181 will effect a rotating of the left-hand short shaft 17 7 so that the end of the arm 188 will cause a forward swing of the left-hand end of the cross-bar or lever 185 and causing the other end of the crossbar 185 to swing rearwardly. The right-hand short shaft 177 will then be caused to rotate and the right-hand arm 189 will be swung forwardly until the pin 191 thereof will come in contact with the forward end of the slot 190 and then move the-link 127 forwardly so as to rotate the right-hand sleeve 124 with the projection 129 carried thereby. At the same time the left-hand'arm 189 will swing rearwardly until the pin .191 thereof will come into contact with the rear end of the slot 190 in the link 127 and then move the link 127 rearwardly, thus causing a rotation of the left-hand sleeve 124 with the projection 129 carried thereby. I

The neutral positions of the lugs or projection 128 and 129 are shown in Fig. 10. Now assuming that a cramp is occurring on the left side when driving forward and with the left wheel pivoting and the right wheel turning or causing the cramp, the left hand clutch mechanism will be in non-operative neutral condition and there is no driving effect on the left wheel. The left lug 128 will be in neutral position and the operation of the cramp mechanism is to cause the left lug 129 to move anti-clockwise as viewed in Fig. 10 of the drawings, but the lug 129 cannot travel far enough to reach lug 128 which'is in its neutral position. Onthe right-hand side the rein sheave has been turned in clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 4 of the drawings,

, will be moved in an anti-clockwise direction and in contact with the lug 128, and will carry the latter together with the sheave and cams connected to it, toward neutral positlon, thus bringing the transmission mechanism for the right hand wheel to a stop, and thus prevent going further into cramp. A letting-up on the right-hand rein by the operator will not effect a forward operation of the right-hand wheel because the position of right lug 129 will prevent it. The left hand lug 129 is so located that it will prevent the left wheel being. operated rearwardly should the operator pull on the left-hand rein.

To pull out of cramped position the operator may either pull onthe right-hand rein to effect a rearward drive of the right-hand wheel, or let up on the left-hand rein to effect a forward drive of the left wheel, or both. In the case of pulling on the right rein, the right lug 128 will be free to move anti-clock wise away from the stop position of the right lug 128, and in the case of letting up onthe left rein the left lug 128 is free to move in a clockwise direction away from the stop position of the left lug 129. 1

If in the above operation the left wheel were moving forward instead of merely pivoting, the operation of the cramp mechanism would be the same, the left side trans mission mechanism being in operating condition instead of stopped, and the stopping of the transmission mechanism for the right wheel having the effect of'letting the left wheel pull the tractor out of cramp.

If we assume that the cramping occurs when backing or traveling rearwardly, the

' left hand wheel is the one causing the cramping and is the one brought to a stop, the right hand wheel either merely pivoting or travelin rearwardly to release crampingwhen the le t wheel is stopped. The rotation of the lugs 129 will be the same as before. For the rearward drive operation, the left lug 128 shall have,moved anti-clockwise, as viewed in Fig. l0 of the drawings, so thatwhen the cramp mechanism operates to move the left lug 129 clockwise the latter will move the lug 128, and the parts connected to it, back toneutral position, and thus bring the transmission mechanism for the left wheel to a stop. This prevents further cramping on the left side. On the right 'side the lug 129 is in a position to prevent a forward operation of the right wheel, but the lug 128 is free to move anti-clockwise for rear driving operation when the operator pulls on theright hand rein. This will release cramp by a rearward drive of the right wheel. The cramp may also be released bya forward drive of the left wheel. After the left wheel has been brought to a stop the operator may manipulate'the left rein to cause a let-up to effect a starting L I of the left-hand wheel forwardly, for this purpose.

Stationary stops 195 are provided to be abutted by forks 196, to which the links 127.

are pivotally connected, for limiting the rotation of the sleeves 124 and to prevent the link and forks getting in adead center. (See Figs. 1 and 12.)

If there is a right-hand cramp the righthand lower draft member or reach 8 will contact with the right-hand lever 181 to cause it to operate through the cross lever 185 to effect a stopping of the clutch mechanism similar to that described above for a lefthand cramp. It is believed that this operation will be clear without further description, the operations being converse.

From the foregoing description it will be noted that the clutch body member37 has a pair of oppositely disposed faces into engagement with which through the medium of the slidable member 38 (comprising the two parts 42 and 43) the clutch elements 4'1 or 48 may be selectively brought to cause said I clutch body member 37 to either rotate with the rotatable element 27, or be held at rest-by the stationary members 36 as desired, or by varying the pressure upon the-slidable member sli page of the clutch elements will occur to pro uce varying speeds of rotation of the clutch body member and in turn produce varying speeds of rotation of the ground wheel or wheels, which capability is utilized for steering purposes.

Referring to Fig. 18 it will be seen that we have provided an improved means for attaching the land wheel to the axle in such manner that it may be reversed or turned with its inside edge (shown in full lines in this figure) outwardly to occupy the position shown 'in dotted lines. This reversibility is efi'ected by removing the bolts 68 which connect the inwardly extending flange of the drum to which the inner ends of the spokes are sethe end of the axle 64, turning the wheel sidewise through an angle of 180, and replacing and tightening the bolts to hold the wheel cured to the outwardly extending flange on in the position shown in dotted lines in Fig.

18. This enables eithei or both the wheels to when desired be positioned to extend the tread portions'further apart for many purposes useful in' agricultural and other work where it is desired tochange the lateral distance at whichthe tread portion will track to miss ruts and furrows, to accommodate the attachment of certain implements to the tractor, to give a wider wheel base, to give clearance for row cropsto pass between the of the tractor and the wheels, etc.

While we haveherein described and shown upon the drawing a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the particulariconstruction, details and arrangement of parts

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