US1749908A - Boiler furnace - Google Patents

Description

J. W. DYAR BOILER FURNACE March 11, 1930.

Filed April 27, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. I JA/a 4/ p 0 ATTORNEYS March 11, 1930.

BOILER FURNACE Filed Apri 1 27, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 3 0 INVENTOR. J07 M p,

ATTORNEYS J. w. DYAR 1,749,908

March 11, 1930.

BOILER FURNACE Filed April 27, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 I INVENTOR.

JJA/r Wp yar g?? v A TTORNEYJ Patented Mar. 11, 1930 PATENT OFFICE JOHN W. DYAR, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN BOILER FURNACE Application filed April 27, 1925.

The invention relates to steam or hot water boilers such as are used for heating purposes in buildings. It is necessary that boilers of this type be manufactured in a large numo ber of sizes having different ratings in order to be suitable for different size houses requiring more or lessradiation surface. The manufacturers have therefore been obliged to supply boilers of varying sizes and capacities, thus necessitating the manufacturing of a large number of'different parts. This is alarge itemof expense, for the manufacturer must have at all times a suflicient quantity of each of the parts to enable any oft-he models to be assembled when in demand, and in addition to the initial expense of providing patterns for the large number of parts it also requires storage space because of the large num ber of different units Which must be kept in warehouses.

Certain manufacturers have adopted a system of supplying the same lire pot and com bustion chamber for three different boilers having different ratings, the smallest size boiler being converted into the larger sizes by adding additional units provided with indirect heating surface that is to say, heating surface not in direct contact with the fire. Vith such constructions, however, the efficiency of the boilers with the different ratings is not the same and if the boiler shows good evaporation where provided with the maximum amount of indirect heating surface it will be very much poorer when the minimum amount is used. Furthermore, from practical considerations the number of variations is limited to three and for other capacities it is necessary to supply new fire pot castings.

My invention deals with an improved boiler construction whereby a large number of diflerent size boilers may be obtained with the use of a minimum number of standardized parts.

One of the objects is to provide a variable capacity boiler adapted to have added thereto additional boiler sections having direct heating surface, that is, surface which is exposed to the combustion gases in the fire pot.

{Another object is to provide'a construction Serial No. 26,239.

permitting the addition of auxiliary units in order to increase the size of the fire pot for the larger sizes. Still another object is to provide an annular boiler having a down-draft flue so arranged as to present indirect heating surface which may also be increased in area by the addition of auxiliary sections.

A further object is to provide a boiler having a central annularboiler section and a surrounding annular boiler section forming therebetween a down-draft flue, and to provide in such a construction means for gaining access to the fines for cleaning purposes.

A further object is to provide a boiler so constructed that a maximum draft through the chimney may be obtained while starting the fire, said boiler being provided with means for shutting off the draft when started, thus compelling the hot gases to travel through the less direct heating passages.

Other objects reside in the general arrangement of the combustion chamber and the indirect heating surfaces to provide an eflicient boiler at all of the various ratings which may be obtained by the addition of auxiliary units thereto.

In the drawingsz' Figure 1 is a front elevation of a boiler;

Figure 2 is a sectional plan view thereof;

Figure 3 is a vertical section on the line 33 of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3 where the boiler is provided with one auxiliary section;

Figure 5'is another similar view showing two auxiliary sections Figure 6 illustrates a boiler having three additional sections;

Figure 7 is a transverse section on the line 7-7 of Figure 3;

Figure 8 is a perspective view of the auxiliary annular boiler section;

Figure 9 is a perspective view of a segmental auxiliary boiler section;

Figure 10 is an enlarged'longitudinal section illustrating a boiler having eight auxiliary sections; I

Figure 11 is a longitudinal section at right angles to Figure 10 on theline 1l11 of Figure 2.

I My improved type of boiler construction consists of a base or ash pit section 1 on which is mounted. the annular boiler section 2 forming the fire pot and combustion chamber. 8

is a grate arranged between the ash pit section and the boiler section and 4 is a dome or top section arranged above the boiler section and spaced therefrom to provide a lateralpassageway 5 for the combustion gases, The I dome is preferably supported on the nipples 6 having the tapered ends 7 and 8 pressed into engagement with the dome 4: and the annular boiler section 2,v thus providing. a

water and steam conduit between these sec- 7 segmental water wall and the outer casing or jacket 14. r

15 is a fire door arranged in the annular boiler section 2 near the top portion thereof. In order to provide access for this fire door the portions of the boiler surrounding the annular boiler section 2 are cut away as urdicated in Figure 2, the outer casing 1 1 being segmental in shape and having the radially extending walls 16 connected by a segmental section 17 of a diameter only slightly greater than that of the annular boiler section 2, this latter section having an opening therethrough in alignment with the fire door 15.

With the construction as above described the fuel is placed in the annular boiler section 2 and the combustion gases directly heat the water in said section and then are directed downwardly through the downdraft fiue 10 where the water in the segmental outer section 9 isalso heated. The gases are then directed upwardly againthrough the outermost flue 18 and are finally led to the centrally located chimney flue 18.

In order to provide a boiler of slightly larger capacity than the onejabove described,

I have roposed to interpose between'the annular lioiler section 2 and the ash pit 1 an auxiliary ring 19,- this ring being hollow to provide a water space therein and being suitably connected tothe main boiler section 2 to allow a passage therebetween. The ring is preferably made up as illustrated in Figure 8 and is providedwith the bosses 20 having the tapered apertures therein leading to the hollow interior of the ring. There are also corresponding apertured bosses on the bottom of the main boiler section 2 and'the two sections are connected together by the nipples 22 having the tapered ends 23 adapt ed to enter the tapering holes in the boiler sections and form a press lit with the same.

For rmaintainin the auxiliar -rin 19 in position there is preferably provided a clamping arrangement, and as illustrated this comprises the rods2 l threadedly engaging the threaded bosses25 on the steam dome and extending downwardly in the downdraft flue 10 through the apertures 26 formed in the lugs 27 on the auxiliary ring 19. The lower end 28 of the rod is also threaded and the clamping is maintained by means of a nut 29 threaded upon said rod and engaging theundersides of the'lug 27. With this construction it will appear that the depth of the fire pot is increased by the addition ofthe auxiliary ring 19 and also the direct heating 7 surface is increased. The boiler constructed in this manner will therefore have a higher rating than the boiler first described;

In order to construct the next larger unit Y in the boiler series, I propose toincrease the amount of indirect heating surface by adding an auxiliary segmental ring 30 to the outer segmental water wall 9. This unit is o While the size of the combustion chamber and fire pot is not increased by the addition of the segmental ring 80the path forthe combustion gases is considerably,lengthened by increasingtlie length of the down-draft flue 10 and the up-draft flue 13, and there is also provided the additional heating surface of the segmental ring 3U.v V

For constructing a boiler of the next larger size a second auxiliary annular boiler section 32 may be interposed between the ash pit section and the auxiliary section as shown in Figure 6 and the following size of the series is obtained by adding a second auxiliary segmental ring 33 to the first segmental sec tion 30. This plan may thus be carried out by alternately adding sections to the main boiler section and the depending segmental section, and each added unit will increase the rating of the boiler. It will be noted that each of the auxiliary sections 19 and 30 are provided with bosses on the underside corresponding to the bosses on the upper side, and these are provided with tapering. apertures for receiving the nipples in case another section is arranged below. The bottommost auxiliary ring in each case has 'plugs34 for closing the tapering openings. x

For supporting the additional sections added to the outer V segmental water wall there are the rods 35 extending longitudinally of the lip-draft flue 13 and engaging at their upper ends with threaded lugs 36 extending from the dome 4 and 'at their build a larger boiler furnace the same main parts maybe used and it is only necessary to add additional units first'to the mainboiler section and-second to the surrounding segmental water wall. Thus, the number of different parts which are necessary for assembling a series of boilers having progressively increasing ratings is reduced to a minimum and as illustrated in Figure 3, there are nine different boilers which may be formed from the parts shown. The first boiler of the series is that employing only the basic units as illustrated in Figure 1. The other boilers are formed by successively adding units 19, 30, 32, 33,47, 48, 49 and 50 and by properly proportioning the size of the various parts this will permit a variation in rating from 550 to 900 feet.

For starting the fire or stimulating it at any time, it is desirable to have a direct draft and this is provided by forming one or more direct draft apertures 51 in the dome 4, these being preferably arranged concentric with the fire pot and combustion chamber and in alignment with the stack 18. For controlling these apertures, suitable dampers 52 are provided so that when the dampers are in open position the combustion gases may pass directly to the stack through the apertures 51, but when the dampers are closed the gases are forced to travel the indirect route around the depending segmental water wall.

It has already been stated that the outer casing 14 has a cut-away portion adjacent the fire door of the furnace formed by the radially extending Walls 16. This construction facilitates the placing of clean out doors so as to provide access for the downdraft and up-draft flues, the doors being located in the radial walls 16. These doors are represented in the drawing by the numerals 53 and are hingedly connected to the radial walls 16 so that when the doors are opened a cleaning brush or scraper may be introduced into the fines. Ifthe cleaning brush is provided with a flexible handle it will permit the same to be worked around to the opposite side of the flues from the fire door and therefore, every portion of the flue surfacemay be cleaned from the accumulated soot and dust. This is an important feature of my boiler construct-ion for it is very essential to the efficient operation of the boiler that the fines be kept free from soot and dust and with previous annular boiler constructions provided with down-draft flues there has never heretofore been any arrangementsuggested permitting the cleaning of the fiues What I claim as my invention is 1. In a boiler furnace, the combination with an annular boiler section forming the fire pot and combustion chamber, of a top section extending across the'upper end of said annular boiler section and connected thereto, a segmental water Wall depending from the top section and surrounding a portion of said annular boiler section in spaced relation thereto to form a passageway for the combustion gases, and a closure for said passageway disposed at each end' of said segmental water wall, said closure permitting access to said passageway for cleaning the same.

2. In a boiler furnace, the combination with an annular boiler section forming a fire pot and combustion chamber, of a top section extending across the upper end of said annular boiler section and outwardly beyond the same, said top section being spaced from and connected to said annular section, a segmental water wall depending from the top section and surrounding said boiler section in spaced relation to define a. down-draft flue, an outer segmental jacket surrounding said water wall in spaced relation to form an up-draft flue, and closure means for said down-draft and up-draft flues disposed at each end of said segmental Water wall and jacket, said closure means permittingaccess to said downdraft and up-draft flues for cleaning the same;

3. In a boiler furnace, the combination with an annular boiler section forming the fire pot and combustion chamber and provided with a fuel door opening therethrough, of a top section extending across the space within said annular section and radially outward beyond the same, said top section being spaced from and connected with said annular section, a segmental water wall depending from the outer edge of said top section surrounding a portion of said annular section and forming a down-draft flue, said segmental water wall terminating at opposite sides of said fuel door opening, and a segmental jacket surrounding said water wall and also terminating at opposite sides of said fuel door opening forming an up-flue in communication with said down-flue, the segmental formation of said water wall and jacket permitting of the introduction of fuel through the fuel door opening.

4. In a boiler furnace, the combination of an annular boiler section forming the fire pot andcombustion chamber and provided with a fuel door opening therethrough, of a segmental'water wall surrounding a portion of said annular section on opposite sides of the fuel door opening, a segmental jacket surrounding said segmental water wall and a removable closure at the end of said segments for providing clean out openings to the space between said annular section and water wall and between the latter and said jacket- 5. In a boiler furnace, the combination of an annular boiler section forming the fire pot outward beyond the same,

and combustion chamber and provided with a :fuel door-openingtherethrough, asteam,

dome above said boiler section and spaced therefrom, a segmental water wall depending from said steam dome and surrounding an annular boiler section forming the wall of the fire pot and combustion chamber, of a steam dome spaced above and connected to said boiler section, an annular segmental water wall depending from said steam dome and surrounding said fire pot, an additional separately formed annular boiler; section forming an extension of the wall of said fire pot thereby increasing the coal capacity thereof, an additional segmental boiler section secured to said segmental water wall to forms a continuation of the same, and nipples connecting the respective additional sections to said fire pot and said water wall respectively. 7

7. In. a boiler furnace, the combination with an ash pit section, a grate, an annular fire pot formed of a plurality of hollow walled boiler sections superposed one upon the other, a steam dome spaced above said fire pot, a segmental water wall depending from said dome and surrounding said annular fire pot forming a down-draft flue, and an annular segmental jacket surrounding said water wall forming an up-draft flue, one of said hollow walled boiler sections being of a height adapted to form a fire pot and another of said sections being of a lesser height and adapted to increase the depth of said fire pot to form a furnace of higher rating, and an additional segmental boiler section connected to said depending water wallto increase the amount of radiation surface exposed to said downedraft and up-draft fines.

8. In a boiler furnace, the combination 7 With a boiler section forming the fire pot and combustion chamber, said boiler section being provided with a fuel door opening therethrough, of a top section extending across the upper end of said boiler section and radially said top section being spaced fromand connected with said i boiler section, a segmental water wall connected to said. top section and surrounding a portion of said boiler section and cooperating therewith in the formation of a passage for the combustion gases, said segmental water wall terminating at opposite sides of said fuel door opening whereby to permit of access thereto. v r v I 9. In a boiler furnace, the combination with a boiler section forming the fire pot and combustion chamber, of steam dome spaced above and connected to said boiler section and an annular segmental water wail depend ng from and connectedto said steam domeandpartially surrounding said boilerforming a clean-out opening for saidfiue passage.

10. In a with an annular boiler section forming the wall of the fire pot and combustion chamber,

[of a steam dome spaced above and connect boiler furnace the combination i ed tosaid boiler section, anadditional separately formed'annular boiler section forming an extension of the wall of said fire potv thereby increasing the coal capacity "there of, mpples connecting sa d additional sec-' tion with the first ment oned section aifording communication of theboiler fluid between said sections, and an annular segmental water wall connected to said steam dome above said boiler-section and spaced therefrom, said segmental water wall forming an opening per- 7 mitting access to said firepot for fueling the sameri" V r In testimony whereof I aifix my signature.

JOHN D YAR.

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