US1748133A

US1748133A - Vapor rectifier

Info

Publication number: US1748133A
Application number: US41128A
Authority: US
Inventors: Kern Erwin
Original assignee: BBC Brown Boveri France SA
Current assignee: BBC Brown Boveri AG Germany; BBC Brown Boveri France SA
Priority date: 1924-08-08
Filing date: 1925-07-02
Publication date: 1930-02-25
Anticipated expiration: 1947-02-25
Also published as: AT103686B; CH114589A; DE439847C

Description

Feb. 25, 1930. KERN 1,748,133

VAPOR RECTIFIER Filed July 2, 1925' WWW/WWW- W k 0' 0 i i 1 I WI 7 W2 IWA' A /m I A L": 2% r 5 0 H- -H-- T:::::} \K

Inventor Erwin Kerp Attorney Patented Feb. 25, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT orricn ERWIN, KERN, OF WETTIN GEN, NEAR BADEN, SWITZERLAND, ASSIGNOR TQ AKTTEN- GESELLSCI-IAFT BROWN BOVERI & CIR, F BADEN, SWITZERLAND VAPOR RECTIFIER Application. filed July 2, 1925, Serial N'o.

Vapor rectifiers constructed of metal are frequently subject to transitory andquite. short-lived flashing over which is generally terminated by the sudden cutting out of the are in the defective phase. Such sudden interruptions in the Current cause an excess of potential in the inductances of the anode circuit with tl1e-resultthat the insulation of the rectifier installation is subjected to great stress and may be easily damaged. If, in

addition, sparking occurs from anode to anode a further flashing over of a more violent nature may be started. It is important therefore to provide means for preventing sparking from anode to anode by limiting the excess of potential to an amount that involves no risk. Exhaustive experiments have shown that when excess of potential occurs the metal container of the rectifier always assumes the potential of the normally working anodes, whilst the defective anode, i. e., the anode which has been acting as a cathode during the transitory flashing back,

shows a high potential as compared with the metal container. 1

This invention consists of means for preventing excessive potential differences as between electrodes in vapor rectifiers constructed of metal, and in accordance therewithseveral paths for the current are provided between the circuits of the several electrodes and the metal container of the rectifier, such paths containing spark gaps and ohmic resistances. The spark. gaps are preferably adjusted for an excess of potential which is less than the value of the potential permissible for the insulation of the installation. The effect of this arrangement is that no dangerous excess potential dilierence can occur since evena slight rise will cause a spark discharge between the circuit of the 41,128, and in Germany August 8, 1924.

ing the halves Q} and Q The outer terminal of the winding Q is connected to the anode A and the outer terminal of the winding Q to the anode A D represents the cooling dome and K the cathode of the -rectifier. The load V is connected between the cathode K and the common terminal of the windings Q and Q The anode A is connected through the resistance VW and the spark gap F to the metal container Gr. Similarly, the anode A is connected through the resistance and the spark gap F to the metal container G, and the cathode K is connected through the resistance and the spark gap F to the metal container G. With this arrangement it is immaterial which of the electrodes assumes a high potential, since there will always be a sufficiently early discharge to the metal container to prevent its reaching a point of danger. Thus the limit for the potential which an electrode may reach can be fixed beforehand by the adjustment of the I spark gap.

This arrangement can be used also with advantage in the case of polyphase rectifiers.

What I claim is 1. In vapor apparatus for rectifying alternating current, an insulated metal container, electrodes disposed in said metal container and insulated therefrom, and a spark gap and an ohmic resistance connected be tween each electrode and the metal container.

2.'In a system for rectifying alternating current, an alternating current supply, a metal vapor rectifier comprising a metal container and electrodes disposed in the latter and insulated therefrom, transformer means connecting said rectifier to said supply in rectifying relation with respect thereto,

and means responsive to conditions tending to produce a predetermined potential difference between certain of said electrodes and being operable at substantially such conditions to provide anelectrostatic discharge circuit between the electrode of higher potential and said container.

3. In a system for rectifying alternating I current, an alternating current supply, a

container and electrodes disposed in the latter and insulated therefrom, transformer means Connecting said rectifier to said supply in rectifying relation with respect thereto, and means responsive to conditions tending to produce a predetermined potential differ.- ence between certain of said electrodes and being operable atsubstantially such conditions to provide an electrostatic discharge circuit between the electrode of higher potential and said container said last-named means including a discharge gap and a resistance in series therewith.

4:. In apparatus of the sort described, the combination with the rectifier casing, anodes and anode supply windings, of a spark gap and ohmic resistance providing an excessvoltage shunt between the casing andsupply windings. A

. 5. In apparatus of the sort described, the combination with the rectifier casing and electrodes, of a spark gap and ohmicresistance providing an excess-voltage shunt between the casing and electrodes. 7

6. In apparatus of the sortdescribed, the

combination with the rectifier casing and electrodes, of a spark gap and ohmic resistance providing an excess-Voltage shunt between the casing and respective electrodes.

Dated this 16th day of June, 1925.

- ERWIN KER-N.