US1748081A

US1748081A - Pneumatic-cylinder machine

Info

Publication number: US1748081A
Application number: US196621A
Authority: US
Inventors: Harold J Reed; Claude L Spafford
Original assignee: IMPROVED PAPER MACHINERY CORP
Current assignee: IMPROVED PAPER MACHINERY Corp
Priority date: 1927-06-04
Filing date: 1927-06-04
Publication date: 1930-02-25
Anticipated expiration: 1947-02-25

Description

1930- H. J. REED E! AL PNEUMATIC CYLINDER MACHINE Filed June 4, 192 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 qfoml, Zys.

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H. J. REED ET AL PNEUMAT I C CYLINDER MACHINE 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed June 4. 192' lnvewioims:

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by 7 v Patented Feb. 25, 1930 PNEUMATIC-CYLINDER MACHINE Application filed June 4, 1827. Serial No. 196,621.

This invention relates to pneumatic cylinder machines intended for the extraction of liquid or moisture from material carried by the surface of the cylinder and consists in 6 improvements designed to render such machines more tion. 4

While the invention has application to various other arts and uses whereit may be eflicient and simpler in construcdesired to extract liquid from material in a tended for use as 0 cylinder,

more or less saturated condition or to subject material .to filtration, the invention is herein shown for purposes of illustration as embodied in a pneumatic suction cylinder ina pneumatic decker or'saveall to remove water from pulp in paper manufacture where the pulp, supplied to a tank in a state of liquid suspension, is picked up in the form of a sheet by a partly submerged the water partly extracted therefrom and the sheet thereafter removed from the surface of the cylinder.

The invention will be best understood by reference to the following description when taken in connection with the accompanying illustration of one specific embodiment thereof, while its scope will be more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a central longitudinal sectional elevation showing a pneumatic cylinder machine embodyin'g one form of the invention;

ig. 2 is an end elevation of the machine illustratedin Fig. 1 looking from the driving.

end thereof; I

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the driving end of the machine showing the exposed valve and the seat; a

Fig. 4 is a sideelevation of the distributing va ve; Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation taken through the cylinder and drum head on the line 5-5 in Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow there indicated; h

Fig. 6 is a detail, on a larger scale, in cross sectional elevation taken on the line 66 in Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the-arrow there indicated and showing the relation of compartment partitions thereat; and

end of the device for pressing it to its Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation, also on a larger scale, taken on the sectional line 77 in ig. 1 near the opposite end of the compartment and looking in the direction of the arrow indicated in Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings and to the illustrative embodiment of the invention therein shown, the cylinder, which is designated generally by the numeral 11, is mounted in suitable journal bearings 13 to rotate within the tank 14 to which the pulp is supplied in any suitable manner, as through an inlet 15 in the side walls of the tank. The stock is supplied in suflicient quantity to maintain the cylinder submerged to a point which may be indicated, merely by way of example, by the dotted line shown in Figs. 2 and 5. The cylinder is provided with a foraminous or porous surface, and the particles of fibre which tend to rise toward the top of the tank are picked up by the cylinder in its rotation, and, aided by a suction which is applied to successive compartments withinthe cylinder, the stock is carried upward in the shape of a web or sheet formed on the surface of the drum and at the same time a substantial measure of its moisture of liquid content is extracted. At some point in the rotation of the drum,the sheet, after being lifted from the liquid, is removed from the cylinder, its removal being assisted if desired by means of a doctor 16. To withdraw the waste water from the tank there is provided at the side of the tank an overflow trough or box 17 with a sloping bottom to which the waste water passes over a gate 18, the waste water being conducted away from the machine through the trough. The supply entering the tank through the inlet 15 is deflected downwards toward the opposite side of the tank by the deflecting plate 19, and thence upwards by the oppositely arranged deflecting plate 20.

Referring to the cylinder, the latter is provided at opposite ends with hollou journals 21 and 23, the latter carrying the worm gear 25 through ivhich a relatively slow rotation is imparted to the cylinder by means of the -of radially arranged partition walls 39 there is provided a smaller flanged plate 37 connected to the end plate 35. by a sezies see Figs. 1 and 5) and constituting an inner head for the drum. To stiffen the structure, the end plate 33 is secured to the flanged plate 37 by one or more stiffening rods 41 and by the axial shaft 43 secured to the opposed hubs of the two end plates.

To control the application of fluid pressure or suction, as the case may be, to the various radially arranged compartments in the drum head, a sleeved valve-seat 4:5 is provided which fits the hollow journal 23 and protrudes into the drum head. The

protruding portion of the sleeve is provided with circumferentially arranged ports 47 registering respectively with the bottoms of the said compartments, so that the protruding end of the sleeve forms a ported bottom wall for the various compartments of the drum head. The sleeve 45 has a closed inner end 49 which seats in a recess in the flanged plate 37, the sleeve being secured to the hollow journal to turn with the cylinder and the drum head.

Near their outer ends the radially arranged compartments communicate each with a longitudinally arranged compartment 51, the latter being relatively shallow and extending lengthwise the cylinder and the several longitudinal compartments being arranged ina series circumferentially about the periphery of the cylinder and localized near the periphery thereof.

These compartments, the construction of which is best seen from Figs. 1, 5, 6 and 7, are formed by the bottom plates 53 which are connected at one end of the shoulder 55 on the end plate 33 and at the opposite end to the edge of the flanged plate 37, the plates 53 sloping slightly toward the drum head so that each compartment has a gradually increasing depth in that direction. The sides of the compartments are formed by the radially arranged plates 57 which are secured (Fig. 6)

at one end to small lugs 59 on the end plate 35 and also to the partition'walls 39. At the opposite end they are secured (Fig. 7) to small lugs 61 on the end plate 33. At their outer ends the plates 57 are bent to incline in the direction of rotation of the drum to form the inclined sides'63, the sides 63 being secured tosmall lugs 65 on the end plate 35 and to similar lugs 67 on the end plate 33. The dividing side walls between the successive compartments are carried to the outer surface of the cylinder by means ofthe plates.

69 overlapping the plates 63 outer edges bent to extend radially outward substantially flush with the surface of the cylinder.

The surface of the cylinder is built up on a framework comprising a series of fiat, circumferentially arranged rings 71, the

plates

69 and 63 being grooved to receive the rings, and on the outer. notched periphery of the rings there are laid a series of rods 73 extending lengthwise the cylinder. The cylinder frame as thus formed may be wound spirally with wire 7 5 and the porous or foraminous covering of the cylinder, which may consist of wire screen cloth, is laid on the foundation thus formed. This method of forming the outer foraminous surface of the cylinder is one commonly followed in the case of deckers or save-alls, but the porous or foraminous surface of the cylinder may be constructed in any other way desired and may be varied both as to material and construction to suit the particular purpose to which the machine is to be put.

'As thus formed, the cylinder is provided with interiorly partitioned compartments isolated from each other in a pressure fluid and having their sense, arranged circumferentially about the cylinder and covered by the foraminous surface thereof. These longitudinally extendshallow, while the radially arranged compartments with which they respectively communicate are localized at the end of the cylinder, so that the liquid which is extracted from the material on the surface of the cylinder after being drawn into the inner compartments is caused to travel in a substantial- 1y right angled path, first toward the end'of the cylinder, and thence radially inward toward the axis of the drum head.

In connection with the valve hereinafter described, this avoids the use of deckles and provides a simple construction assuring absence of leakage. It also provides a compartment of relatively small cubical capacity, so

that a pressure or vacuum can be quickly built up without the consequent lag, inaction and waste of energy which ordinarily accompany the rapid change or reversal of pressure condition in successive compartments of the rotating cylinder where compartments of relatively large cubical capacity are employed. The compactness of the compartments and their conver ing relation in the drum head also permit the use of a relatively small compact valve, reducing the cost of construction and providing amechanically simplified arrangement.

In the operation of the machine provision is had whereby'the compartments immediately adjacent to the cylinder surface which is being first'submerged are connected to a special suction conduit which is separate from the suction conduit used to take away the principal waste liquid. The portion of the cylinder where it first dips beneath the stock comes in contact with liquid richly charged with the fibre and a substantial percentage of useful fibre is apt to pass through the cylinder with the waste water. By employing a separate suction. conduit to be connected with the compartments successively passing through this phase of the cylinders rotation, this liquid may be separately withdrawn and, if desired, returned again to the stock.

The compartments which correspond to the next angular phase of the cylinders rotation, or those adjacent the cylinder surface which is fully submerged, are then connected with a suction conduit in which a relatively high vacuum is maintained and thereby become effective for layin the stock upon the cylinder, as well as wit drawing the li uid therefrom through the foraminous suri ace.

The compartments adjacent that portion of the cylinder surface emerging from the liquid are next connected to a third and separate suction conduit which will further dry the stock, since it will not only extract further moisture therefrom but will draw a certain amount of air through the sheet and thereby further assist in drying the same.

Finally, as the stock approachesthe delivery point, herein represented by the doctor blade 17, the compartments immediately preceding the same are subjected to fluid pressure so that the sheet is automatically lifted from the surface and falls over the doctor blade.

To secure these results, we have provided a sleeve valve 77 (Fig. 4) which extends from without through the hollow journal 23 and within the valve seat 47. The valve has the tapered shoulder 79 fitting a-corresponding tapered surface of the bearing seat, and has also the ported end 81 which registers with the ported end of the valve seat 47 which is.

also tapered to seat against a correspondingly formed surface on the valve seat.

The outer flanged end of the valve is closed by the cap plate 83 which is bolted thereto and the valve is held in fixed non-rotative position by means of thelaterally extending lug 85 (see Figs. 2 and 3) which is jointed to the rod 87 anchored to the fixed bracket 89. The rod 87 is adjustable, however, so that the valve while held fixed may be adjusted within a limited range to different angular positions. i

In order to press the sleeve valve 77 yieldably against its seat, the cap plate 83 is engaged by a spring 91 which abuts against the stationary yoke 93 which spans the cap plate and the worm gear 25 and is secured atitsends to the studs 95, the latter supported by brackets 97 which are fastened to the journal bearings 13. Each of the brackets 97 has a series of openings so that the studs 95 may be set in difi'erentposition's to provide for different angular ad ustments of the valve as efl'ected by the adjustment of the rod 87.

The interior of the sleeve valve is sub-divided into several compartments by means of longitudinal partition walls, each compartment having a separate port opening at the ported end. These compartments comprise, first, a suction compartment 99 which communicates through the cap plate 83 with the suction conduit 101. At the opposite end ofthe valvethe compartment 99 opens through the port 103 see Fig. 4) and the ported valve seat into those compartmentswhich are covered by the first submerged portions of the cylinder surface.

Next in order is the main suction compartment 105 which communicates with the main suction conduit 107 and opens through the port 109 and the ported valve seat into those compartments at the bottom of the cylinder corresponding to the portions of the cylinder surface most deeply submerged.

Next in-order follows the suction compartment 111 connected with the separate suction conduit 113 and communicating through a port at the ported end ofv the valve and the ported valve seat with those compartments underlying that portion of the cylinder surface which is undergoing emergence from the liquid, as well as that portion which has emerged and occupies a position at the top of the cylinder.

Finally, a separate pressure fluid compartment 115 is provided connected to the conduit 117, the latter extending to a suitable source of pressure fluid supply and communicating at the ported end of the valve through the port 119 and the ported valve seat with the cylinder compartment or compartments which are in immediate approach to the doctor blade 17 The ported end of the valve is strengthened by a short longitudinal rib 120 which offers however no impediment to the free circulation of fluid throughout the compartment 105.

The pressure fluid compartment 115 is connected through a small end passage 121 with a pressure fluid space 123 (Fig. 1) formed between the end 49 of the hollow valve and the opposing end of the valve seat 47 so as to provide a balanced condition for the valve under the action of the fluid pressure in the compartment 115.

The angular relationslnp of the valve in its normal position of adjustment to the different compartments and the action of the several suction conduits and the fluid pressure on successive cylinder compartments will 'be evident from Fig. 5 where the dotted line indicates, by way of example, the level of the stock. Obviously, however, the level and the angular position of the valve may be vaciently rich in good fibre it may be returned to the stock.

As the cylinder surface becomes further submerged it becomes subjected to the relatively high vacuum maintained through the valve compartment 105, the fibre suspended in the relatively more dilute portions of the stock at the bottom of the tank are also drawn against the cylinder surface and the water removed through the suction conduit 107 and diverted to, the Waste or white water outlet. As the cylinder surface reaches or approaches the point of emergence, the sheet or Web formed on its surface is next subjected to the vacuum'maintained through the valve com-. partment 111 and as it passes over the top of the cylinder continues to be subjected to such suction which not only further extracts the liquid from the stock thereon, but the drying action is accelerated by the air which is drawn into the compartments and passes out with the liquid through the separate suction 'conduit 113. The vacuum or suction maintained through the valve compartment 111 will normally be less than that maintained through the compartment 105 since the suctionof the air through the stock will lower the vacuum. Before the stock approaches the doctor blade it will. have had the liquid quite effectively removed from it and thedry cake or sheet Will then be automatically lifted from the surface of, the cylinder by the fluid pressure which is applied beneath the same through the compartment or compartments just preceding its approach to the doctor blade, this taking place through the pressure compartment 115 of the valve and the valve port 119.

In referring to theradial compartments of the drum head and their radial arrangement, there is implied merely their general converging relationship toward the axis of the drum head since it is obviously notessential that there be any geometrically exact radial form or relationship for such compartments.

, While we have herein disclosed and described for the purposes of illustration one tions may be made from the form, relation-- ship and mechanical construction of the parts herein disclosed, all Without departing from the spirit thereof. Claims:

I 1. In a machine of the class described, a cylinder having a foraminous surface and provided with interior partitioned compartments extending lengthwise the same'and arranged in series circumferentially about the periphery of the cylinder and covered by the foraminous surface thereof, means for rotating the cylinder partly submerged in relation to a supply of stock carried in liquid suspension, a source of pressure fluid supply, separate suction conduits, and a valve through which said compartments by the rotation of the cylinder are separately connected to the. source of pressure fluid supply and the suction conduits, the compartments corresponding to the cylinder surface when first submerged being connected to one suction conduit, those corresponding to the fully submerged cylinder surface being connected to a second suction conduit, those corresponding to the cylinder surface immediately following emergence being connected-to a third suction conduit, and those preceding the last named compartments being connected to the sourceof fluid pressure supply.

In a machine of the class described, a

cylinder having a foraminous surface and provided with interior partitioned compartments extending lengthwise the same and arranged in series circumferentially about the periphery of the cylinder and covered by the foraminous surface thereof, means for rotating the cylinder partly submerged in relation to a supply of stock carried in liquid suspension, a source of pressure fluid supply, separate suction conduits, and a.valve through which said compartments by the rotation of the cylinder are separately connected to the source of pressure fluid supply and the suction conduits, the compartments corresponding to the fully submerged c'ylinder surface being connected to one suction conduit, the preceding compartments corresponding to the cylinder surface immediately following emergence being connected connected to the source of fluid pressure supply. a

3. In a machine of the class described, a cylinder having a foraminous surface and provided with interior partitioned compartments extending lengthwise the same and arranged in series circumferentially about the periphery of the cylinder and covered by the foraminous surface thereof, means for rotating the cylinder partly submerged in relation to a supply of stock carried in liquid suspension,'a source of pressu're fluid supply, separate suction conduits, and a valve through which said compartments by the rotation of the cylinder are separately connected to the source of pressure fluid supply and the suction conduits, the compartments corresponding to the first submerged portion the cylinder surface being connected to one suction conduit, corresponding to the cylinder surface immediately following emergence being connected to a separate suction conduit, and the preceding compartments following emergence and prior to submergence being connected to the source of pressure fluid supply.

4. In a machine of the class described, a cylinder having .a foraminous surface and provided with int-eriorpartitioned compartments extending lengthwise the same and arranged in series circumferentially about the periphery of the cylinder and covered by the foraminous surface thereof, means for rotating the cylinder partly submerged in relation to a supply of stock carried in liquid suspension, separate suction conduits, and a valve. through which said compartments by the rotation of the cylinder are separatelyconnected to the suction conduits, the com- 5 partments corresponding to the cylinder surface when first submerged being connected to one suction conduit, thosecorresponding to the fully submerged cylinder surface being connected to a second suction conduit and.

0 those corresponding to the cylinder surface immediately following emergence being connected to a third suction conduit.

5. .In a machine of the class described, a cylinder having a foraminous surface and provided with interior partitioned compartments extending lengthwise the same and arranged in series circumferentially about the periphery of the cylinder and covered by the foraminous surface thereof, means for rotating the cylinder partly submergedin relation to a supply of stock carried in liquid suspension, separate suction conduits, and a valve through which said compartments by the rotation of the cylinder are separately connected to the suction conduits, the com partments corresponding to the cylinder surface when first submerged being connected to one suction conduit and those corresponding to the fully submerged cylinder surface being connected to a second and separate suction conduit. 6. In a machine of the class described, a

suction cylinder having a hollow journal and a foraminous surface, the cylinder being pro-' vided with a series of radially arranged compartments formed between inner and outer head walls of the cylinder and localized at an end of the cylinder, said compartments opening at their outer ends each into a relatively shallow compartment extending lengthwise the cylinder and covered by the foraminous'surface of the cylinder, the inner ends of the radially arranged compartments being closed by a ported wall, a sleeve valve extending through the hollow journal of the the compartments cylinder and controlling the suction on said thereof, a stock tank in which the cylinder is partly submerged, a head contained at the end of the cylinder comprising end plates and radial partitions providing aseries of partitioned fluid compartments communicating respectively near the periphery of the cylinder with the longitudinal compartments and converging between said end plates toward the axis of the cylinder, a ported sleeve closing the bottom of said compartments, and a stationary sleeve valve extending through the hollow journal of the cylinder and partitioned to provide a plurality of fluid compartments adapted to be opened and closed with relation to said ported cylinder compartments and pressure fluid and suctionoonnections for said valve.

8. In a machine of the class described, a suction cylinder having a hollow journal and a foraminous surface and having a plurality of compartments extendin lengthwise the same, a stock tank in which the cylinder is partly submerged, a stationary hollow sleeve valve having longitudinal partitions sub-dividing it into a plurality of compartments and extending through the hollow journal of the cylinder, and a ported valve seat within the cylinder related to port openings in said valve whereby the cylinder compartments are connected in succession respectively to the compartments in said valve.

9. In a machine of the class described, a suction cylinder having a hollow journal and a foraminous surface and having a plurality of compartments extending lengthwise the same, a sleeve having a tapered seat with peripheral ports connected with said compartments, a stationary hollow valve hav ng longitudinal partitions sub-dividing 1t w 1th a plurality of compartments extending through the hollow journal of the cylinder and having a ta ered end seating against the tapered ported s openings said valve having a comflpartment connected to a source of pressure, ind supply, and one or more compartments with connections to suction conduits, said comparteeve and provided with port ments being opened to the cylinder compartments in succession through cylinder rotates.

10. In a machine of the class described, a suction cylinder having a centrally arranged said ports as the opening at one end, a foraminous surface, a plurality of compartments extending lengthwise the cylinder, a drum head with radial compartments communicating with said longitudinal compartments, a tapered valve seat carried by said drum head, a partitioned sleeve valve extending through said centrally arranged opening and having a tapered end seating against said tapered valve seat, and means outside the cylinder to yieldably press the valve to its seat.

11. In a machine. of the class described, a suction cylinder having a circumferential series of liquid extracting compartments-extending lengthwise the same, a drum head carrying radially arranged compartments, the outer ends of which communicate respectively with said longitudinal compartments, said drum head being formed between inner and outer head walls, a hollow valve extending through the journal of said cylinder, a hollow ported valve seat surrounding the valve and carried by said drum head and providedwith ports communicating with said radially arranged compartments, said valve having a closed end confronting the inner wall of the drum head, means for pressing the valve inwardly to its seat, a pressure fluid com artment within said valve, and means for alancing the pressure fluid applied to the closed end of the valve.

12. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a suction cylinder having at one end a head provided with inner and outer head walls with radially arranged partitionsto provide suction compartments, of a hollow, sleeved, valve-seat carried by said head having tapered valve seating walls and having port openings communicating with said compartments, and a hollow valve extending through the journal of the cylinder and into said valve-seat and having tapered Walls seatingt against the tapered walls of said valvesea 13. In a machineof the class described, the combination with a suction cylinder having at one end a head provided with inner and outer head walls with radially arranged partitions to provide suction compartments, of a hollow, sleeved, valve-seat carried by said head having tapered valve seating walls and having port openings communicating with said compartments, a hollow valve extending through the journal of the cylinder and into said valve-seat and having tapered walls seat- 7 ing against the tapered walls of said valveseat, and devices outside the cylinder to press the valve to its seat.

14. In a machine of the class described, a suction cylinder having a foraminous surface and a plurality of compartments extending lengthwise the same, a hollow tapered ported valve seat within and at one end of the cylinder, radial passages connecting the ports with said longitudinal compartments and a hollow stationary valve extending through the end of said cylinder and having a tapered end seated againstthe tapered ported sleeve and a suction conduit connected to said hollow valve.

15. In a machine of the class described, a suction cylinder having a foraminous surface and a plurality of compartments ex tending lengthwise the same, a hollow journal extension at one end, an external journal bearing for said extension, a hollow ported stationary valve extending into said cylinder through said journal extension, passages communicating with said longitudinal compartments and controlled by said valve and means for angularly adjusting said valve.

16. In a machine of the class described, a suction cylinder having a foraminous surface and a plurality of compartments extending longitudinally the same, radial compartments at one end communicating with said longitudinal compartments and with a ported open-ended distributing-space arranged centrally at one end of the cylinder, a coaxial distributing valve passing through the open end of the cylinder into the distributing space and controlling the opening and closing of the radial compartments and a journal bearing for the cylinder independent of said valve.

In testimony whereof, we have signed our names to this specification.

' HAROLD J. REED.

CLAUDE L. SPAFFORD.