US1746969A - Hydrocarbon burner - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 11, 1930. B. A. :SCHAUMANN 1,746,969

HYDROCARBON BURNER Filed July 15, 192'? 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 R 4 #1 1 v I Feb. 11, 1930. A. SCHAUMANN 9 HYDROCARBON BURNER Filed y 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Feb. 11, 1930 PATENT OFFICE BRUNO A. SCHAUHANN, O1 MILWAUKEE,

WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO FREDERICK J.

GARVENS, OI MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN EYDROOABBON BURNER Application filed July 18,

Heretofore when using hydrocarbon burners difficulty has been experienced in obtainin complete combustion and, consequently, a ame entirely free from carbon deposits and this invention has as one of its objects the provision of an improved h drocarbon burner in which the fluid fuel is volatilized and roperly mixed with air to produce a ill by combustible mixture burning 1n a b ue hydrocarbon flame. a

Another object of this invention resides in the rovision of a hydrocarbon burner in whic air is mixed with the fuel substantially upon volatilization of the fuel, the air and fuel then traveling through a mixin chamber wherein they are thoroughly commingled be fore being ignited.

Another object of this invention resides in the provision of a hydrocarbon burner of the class described in which ample rotection is afforded against flooding of the evice due to failure of the pilot light.

It is a further object of this invention to provide an improved hydrocarbon burner having thoroughly commingled air and fuel fed to the burner proper by means of a blower with which free or idle air is mixed at the time of combustion. I

A still further object of'this invention resides in the provision of a new and novel hydrocarbon burner in which all formation of carbon deposits in the system is prevented, and a fully gasified and oxygenated hydrocarbon flame is obtained, whereby carbon dioxide (CO in the flue gases ranges from fourteen to fifteen per cent with no trace of carbon monoxide (CO).

. With the above and other objects in v1ew which will appear as the descriptionv proceeds, my invention resides in the novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts substantially as hereinafter described and more particularly defined by the appended claims, it being understood that'such changes in the precise embodiment of the hereindlsclosed invention may be made as come withm the scope of the claims.

In the accompanying drawings I have 11- lustrated one com lete example of thephysical embodiment o my invention constructed 1927. serial 110. 205,406.

Figure 3 is a transverse sectional view of the burner taken on the of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a top plan view of the pilot light and fuel outlet taken on the plane of the line 44 of Figure 3; and

Figure 5 is a sectional view taken through Figure 3 on the plane of the line 55.

Referring now more particularly to the accompanying drawings in which like numerals designate like parts throughout the several views, 5 designates a furnace of any suitable type having an annular ledge 6 within which a grate is usually placed. A plate 7 is supported within the furnace upon the ledge to take the place of the grate, not shown, and 76 uponthis plate and centrally aligned with the axis of the furnace is a base member 8 having an air chamber 9 connected therewith and extending upwardly therefrom.

The chamber 9 consists of a pair of tubular so inverted U-shaped or arcuate arms 10 merging at their inner ends into a common outlet 11 which is directed downwardly above the center of the medial portion of the base member- 8, the outer ends of the arcuate arms 10 engaging over ridges or flanges formed about inlet openings 12 in the upper portion of the base member at diametrically opposed points. The central portion of the chamber 9 is apertured'at 13 in axial alignment with the outlet 11 to provide means for attaching a mixture jet 14 thereto, the upper end of which is pro,- vided with an elbow 15 with which a pair of pipes or tubes 16 communicate to connect the mixture jet with a mixing or generator chamber 17 positioned above the member 8 and in line with the usual fuel openin 18 of the furnace. The mixing chamber 1 has a fuel inlet pipe 19 and an overflow ipe 20 connected therewith as will be later ascribed and plane of the line 33 an air inlet pipe 21 which is connected with a blower 22 throughducts 23 and 24, the duct 23 entering the ash pit of the furnace through the door 18 and the duct 24 passing into the furnace fire chamber through the plate 7 and in rear of the burner proper.

The central portion of the member 8 is apertured at 25, from which a tubular extension 26 extends downwardly to provide means for supporting an overflow chamber 27 which consists of a conventional pipe T fitting having a section of pipe 28 threaded in its upper end and extended about the downwardly projecting extension 26 and secured thereto by screws or other means 29. The connection between the pipe 28 and the extension 26 is loose to permit air to enter therebetween and pass upwardly through the bore to supply the pilot light, about to be described. 7

The stem of the T-shaped fitting 27 is closed by a plug 30 in which is threaded a gas feed line 31. Positioned within the member 27 is a pilot light structure 32 which is threaded into an aperture in the plug 30, see Figure 5, and which extends upwardly through a bore 25 terminating in a tube 33, the end of which is substantially flush with the bottom of the dish formed in member 8, as later described. The tube 33 is held in position by plate 34 which rests within a counterbore surrounding the upper end of the bore 25 and which is provided with a plurality of peripheral cut-out portions 35 extending from its periphery to provide an outlet for liquid fuel accumulating in the base member in the event the pilot light should become extinguished.

Positioned directly above the pilot light and in axial alignment with the fuel outlet 14 is. a cone-shaped spreader member 36, the apex of which extends into the outlet 11 of the chamber 9 to split or spread the combustible mixture expelled from the outlet 14. The spreader member 36 is hollow and has a plurality of feet or lugs 37 at its peripheral edge and upon which the same reststo raise its edge above the bottom of the base member 8 to form burner openings 38 for the pilot flame. That portion of the member 8 substantially between the bore 25 and the bores 12 is annularly channeled or grooved to provide space for a fire clay or other suitable substance 39, the top of which is shaped to give the base member a dish-shaped or concave top surface. It will thus be seen that the direct heat of the flame is borne by the clay rather than by any of the metal parts and liquid fuel accumulating inthe dish of the member flows into the chamber 27 through openings 35 where it is withdrawn through an outlet duct 40.

The overflow duct 20 which leads from the mixing chamber 17 communicates with the duct 40, as at 41, which communicates with a. suitablevalve mechanism, not shown. The

overflow valve mechanism forms part of a controlling element 42 as diagrammatically illustrated. As is customary, such controlling elements contain a valve operable upon the accumulation of a predetermined amount of overflow liquid fuel to render the fuel feed and blower motor inoperative.

A thermostat .43 controls the operation of the controlling elements as is customary, closing the gas valve to decrease the volume of gas supplied the pilot, which burns in a large flame simultaneously with the opening of the fuel valve and the closing of the circuit for the blower motor. A fuel supply tank 44 having an automatic pump 45 controlled by a switch 46 operable upon raising and lowering of the fuel level within the tank 44 and supplied from an outside source, not shown, through a duct 47, keeps a constant supply of fuel for the operation of the burner and is connected with the controlling element 42 through a pipe 48. As is usual in controlling elements used in connection with hydrocarbon burners, means 42 provides for the regulation of the amount of fuel supplied the burner.

The base member 8 is substantially hollow forming a chamber 49 which is closed by the plate 7 which is apertured at 50 in alignment with the openings 12 and through which air passes from the furnace ash-pit.

' In operation, the flame of the burner heats the pipes 16, 21 and 24 so that the air by the time it reaches the return bend 17 is expanded and the fuel, as it enters thepipe 16, is instantly cracked or gasified, mixing with the preheated and expanded air. The air and gasificd fuel is forced through the pipes 16, by the pressure from the blower, becoming thoroughly commingled and being discharged directly onto the apex of the spreader member at the outlet 11, at which point the commingled air and gas mixes with free or idle air from the arcuate arms 10 to form a per fect combustible mixture which burns in a fully gasified oxygenated hydrocarbon flame. The flame, by reason of the concave or disc contour of the base member, is directed upwardly and the idle or free air, which is mixed with the commingled air and gasified fuel, is preheated in its passage through the arcuate arms, and is drawn from the chamber 49 of the base member, due to the ejector effect of the discharge 14 in the outlet 11.

The operation of many burners built in ac cordance with the foregoing description and accompanying drawings, has proven that a perfect flame is produced thereby which is free from carbon, and that carbon formations within the generator and mixing chambers are eliminated and that the fuel consumption is reduced to an economical point and in addition the operating expenses decreased due to the elimination of the necessity of servicing, such as is required where carbon aecumu,

lations block the free passage of the fuel and am What I claim as my invention is:

1. A h drocarbon burner, comprising a base mem er, having a central bore, a tubular extension forming a continuation of the bore and extended downwardl from the base member, an overflow cham er having a portion engaged over the extension to support the same therefrom,'said portion being of a greater diameter than the extension whereby to permit air to pass through the connection into the chamber, and a pilot light supply tube extended upwardly within the chamber,

and terminating adjacent'the top surface of the base member, air for the pilot flame passing between the tubular extension and the chamber portion.

2. A hydrocarbon burner, comprising a base member having a pair of diametrically disposed openings, a plate supporting the base member within a furnace, said plate having openings substantiall in line with the openings in the base mem er, a pair of arouate tubular members communicating at their outer ends with the openings in the base members, and mer 'ng into 'a common outlet at their inner ends, and means for discharging a combustible mixture into said common outlet the dischar e producing an ejector action and drawing dead air through the arcuate arms.

3. A hydrocarbon burner, comprising a base member, having an annular channel substantially semi-circular in cross section, a fire resisting material filling the channel to form a concave surface for the base member, means for dischar ing a combustible mixture towards the ase member, a member for directing the combustible mixture onto the refractory material at its point of maximum thickness where it is ignited to burn in a flame, and means supporting the said combustible material directing member with its lower periphery spaced from the concave surface 0 the base.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature.

BRUNO A. SCHAUMANN.

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