US1739314A - Centrifugal cooling device - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 10, 1929.- J, KARMAZIN 1,739,314

CNTHIFUGAL COOLING DEVICE Filed Sept. 17, 1925 @Sheets-Sheet 1 5y I @Wa/14%# Dec. l0, 1929. J. KARMAZIN GENTRIFUGAL COOLING DEVICE s sheets-sheet 2 Filed Sept. 17. 1925 DCC- 10, l929- J. KARMAzlN CENRIFUGL COOLING DEVICE 4 Filed Sept 17, 1925 5 Sheetsheet 3 .By Mf Patented Dec. 10, 1929 UNITED STATES JOHN' KARMAZIN, OIE" DETROIT, MICHIGAN -CIEN'IIRIFU'GAL COOLING DEVICE Application filed September 17, 1925. Serial No. 56,799.

This invention relates to improvements in cooling devices for the Water used in the jacket of an internal combustion engine.

The object of this invention is to increase to a maximum the actual cool-ing effect of the radiator While the actual exposed radiating area is considerably less than that of the ordinary radiators of the Well known grid type.

To this end there is provided a circular radiator in the form of a drum which is rotated at a fairly high rate of speed While the motor is running, thus greatly increasing the actual area of radiating surface, or, inV other Words, bringing the actual radiation surface in contact with a greater' area of cool air. To illustrate, let it be assumed that the actual radiation surface of the drum is two square feet and it is rotated at 800 R. P. M., the total area of air brought in contact with 2o the radiation surface of the drum is 1600 square feet per minute, since the air is changing ateach instant. This is a tremendous increase of effective cooling area over the ordinary stationary radiator, the average radiation surface of which is about 50 square feet. In carryingI out the invention, provision is made to conduct the heated water from the Water jacket of the motor to the center of the` drum, from where it is forced out4 by the centrifugal forceV again st a circular Wall of the drum the outer surface of which circular Wall is exposed to the air to cool said Wall, the

latter cooling the Water as it is brought in' contact therewith.

Another feature of the invention relates to means to assist in returning the cooled water to the Water jacket. To this end the circular Wall of the radiator flares outwardly so that the Water, which is whirled around With the drum is conducted along said wall by the centrifugal force, to a series of curved blades, the outer ends of which blades are arranged in a corner of the drum toward which the Water is directed by said circular Wall. The Water, as it strikes said blades, which are stationary, is diverted thereby to the center of the drum and is forced through a suitable conveyance to return it to the Water jacket.

Another feature of the invention relates to means to increase the cooling effect along the circular wall. To this end said wall is provided on its outer surface with blades to agitate the air While the drum is rotating. rIhe inner face of said wallis provided with a series of baie plates which agitate the water as it passes along said wall. To still further increase the cooling effect of said Wall, the blades and baffle plates and also said wall may be composed of copper, brass or other suitable material having the property of rapidly conducting heat.

In the draWings,-

Fig. 1 is a side elevation disclosing an internal combustion engine and sufficient of an automobile to illustrate the application of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a vertical' section of the radiator, taken on the -line 2 2 of Fig. 3, and showing one form of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the radiator.

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing another form of the invention.

' The radiator is in the form of a drum 10 which may be located at one end of an internal combustion engine or motor 11. The inven- 75 tion is herein illustrated as applied to the motor of an automobile including a hood 12 under which the motor is located; said motor being supported in the usual way (not shown). The radiator or cooling drum 10 is supported on a shaft 13 secured to a stand- .ard 14 on the motor casing 15. In Figures 1 to 3 inclusive, said shaft has a reduced end 16 which passes through the bracket 1,4 and has threaded thereon a nut 17 to draw ashoulder 18 of said shaft tightly against the opposite side of the bracket 14 and thus secure said shaft 13 to said bracket.

The drum is arranged to rotate While the motor is running. To this end it may be provided with a pulley 19, integral with said drum, said pulley being connected by a belt 2O to a driving pulley 21 secured to the forward end of the crank shaft 22 of the motor.

The Water circuit for cooling the motor includes the usual Water jacket or chamber 23 which fits around the upper part of the cylinder casing 24. Said Water jacket is provided at the top with a duct 25 through which the Water may pass when in circulation m .to a fitting 28 secured to the forward end of the shaft 13'in a manner hereinafter described. The fitting 28 is provided with an inlet aperture 29 and an outlet aperture 30 whichapertures are separated by a wall 31.

Saidapertures'register with two corresponding apertures 32 and 33 respectively in the shaft 13. The'heated water passes through the apertures 29 and 32 into the radiator 10 where it is caused to follow the path hereinafter'described and indicated by the arrows in Fig. 2 for the purpose of cooling it. The cooled water passes out of the radiator 10 through an aperture 34 extending crosswise through the shaft 13 and communicating with the aperture 33, the latter registering with the aperture ofthe fitting 28. j

From the aperture 30 the Water passes through a pipe 35h, a pipe 35 and back to the water jacket 23 through a pipe section 35a which may, be a continuation of the pipe 35 or be connected thereto in any convement manner.

The radiator or drum 10 includes a circular rear or first wall 36 and a frusto-conical portion 37', the ,base of which is secured to v said rear wall by bolts 38 and nuts 39. Bart of the frusto-conical portion 37 forms the front or` second wall 40 of the radiator and has a circular or annular side wall 40a extending outwardly and rearwardly therefrom to therear wall 36. The' drum further includes a vhub 41 formed on the front wall 4() l which hub engages the shaft 13 to form a bearing'for one end ofsaid drum. The pulley 19, integral with the rear wall 36,-forms a bearing for the other end of the drum.

To prevent leakage of water from the bearing of the drum, stufiing boxes 42 and A43 are provided. The stufiing bdx 42 may include a cap 42, threaded over the hub 41 by which packing'material 44 may be forced againstv the shaft 13. The stuffing box 43 may in- The disc 47 issecured to stationary shaft 13 andits outer edge is located rather vclose to the wall 40 and consequently the Water passes v out beyond the edge of said disc in a comparatively thin film and is partially cooled. The outer edge of the disc 47 is also located near the bottom of the inclined wall 40aL and as the water passes the edge of the disc 47 it is forced along said. inclined wall by centrifugal force, and is cooled in passing along said wall since said wall is exposed to the air and moves through it at high spee`d,.the radiator| making about 800 R. P. M. To increase the cooling effect of the radiator, the wall 40x11 is provided on its outer face with blades 48extending outwardly therefrom and across theA plane in which the .radiator rotates, said blades being effective to agitate the air. The f inner face of the wall 40a is provided with a series of annular inwardly 'extending ribs 49 for a similar reason to agitate the water in its passage along the wall 40a. Said ribs or baffle-plates are secured to the wall 40a and form pockets 50 which catch the water` and the Water in its passage along said wall spills over the edge .of each bafiie-plate into the next pocket. To further increase the cooling effect of the radiator, the wall 40a, blades 48 and the bafiie-plates 49 may be-made of copper, brass, or any other kind of metal which is a rapid conductor. The drum is vertically disposed with its front wall 40 exposed to the rush of air caused by the running of the automobile. Accordingly, the temperature of the water is also lowered while passing along the wall 40 from the aperture 32. The said front wall 40 may also be composedof copper or brass. The water, in its passage along the wall 40, is forced into the klouter corner 51 of ,f

the drum, which corner is formed by the rear wall 36 and the inclined wall 40a. The water is cooled by the time it reachesthis corner and yis then conducted towards the center of the drum to the outlet-aperture 33 to return it to the water jacket.

To conduct the cooled water -to the center of the drum, there is provided means including a plurality of curved blades 52, secured to a disc 53, which disc forms with the rear wall 36 a chamber in which said blades 52 are located. The disc 53 is stationary and may be secured in place by a hub 54 which screws on to-shaft 13 and against a shoulder 55 thereof.v The outer extremities of the blades 52 are located in the ycorner 51 so that as the water is whirled around in said corner by the rotation of said drum, it is caught by said blades and forced inwardly along them to thecenter of the drum. The blades may be curved for this purpose. The inner ends of said blades 52 terminate at the aperture 34 rthrough which the water is forced out into apertures 33 and 30 to pass back to the water jacket, as previously described. lt will be understood that the blades 52, since they conduct the water to the center of the drum, constitute part of a means for circulating the water through the circuit, and may be used in lieu of the customary 4circulating pump.

A pump 56, herein illustrated of the centrifugal type, may however be connected, if desired, in the water circuit, in which case the intake of said pump may be connected to the pipe section 35, the outlet of the pump being connected to the pipe section 35a, said .pump being driven by the engine 11 through of the engine.

The fitting 28 may be counterbored at 58 to fit over the end of the shaft 13 to assist in locatingsaid fitting on said shaft. The fitting is secured to the shaft by a bolt 59, one end 0f which is threaded into an enlarged end 60 of. a dividing Wall 61 between the apertures 32 and 33 of the shaft 13. The fitting is provided with a hole 62 so that it may be slipped over the bolt and a nut 63 holds the vfitting 28 tightly against the end of said shaft. The fitting 28 may be provided with tapered. ends 64 and 65 so the pipe sections 27 and 35", which may be of rubber, may readily be slipped over said ends to connect said sections with the fitting.

As previously stated, the shaft 13 is supported in the bracket 14. It may also be supported at its forward end by a strap or bracket 66 which may be secured in any suitable manner to the frame of the ca r, and receives the bolt 59, the bolt being secured to said bracket 66 by nuts 67 and-68.

In th form of the invention vshown in Fig. 4, theparts similar to those of Fig. 2 bear the same reference numerals with a super- 'script fz and like parts bear the same reference numerals. The radiator 101 includes the rear wall 36 and an inverted saucer-shaped member composed of the front wall 401 and a concaved portion 4011 secured to said front wall infany suitable manner, and extends over the rear Wall 36 where it is fastened to said wall. The bearing 421 is similar to the bearing 42'of Fig. 2 and includes the cap 42 threaded on the hub 411 to press the packing 44 against the shaft. The bearing 431 also includes a cap 451 threaded on a hub 69 on the pulley "491, and packing 46.v Both bearings 421 and 431 may be provided with bushings 70 and 71 respectively which may be of bronze or any other suitablematerial to withstand the Wearof said bearing.

The water passage through the drum 101 is substantially like that of Fig. 2 but the arrangements of the inlet 321 and the outlet 33z are somewhat different.' The inlet 321 is located at the front end of the shaft 131. The outlet 331 is located at the other end of the shaft which end is connected through an elbow 7 2, nipple 7 3, elbow 74 and pipe sections .web 76 spanning the aperture or'inl'et 321.

The fitting 281 is held in place against the end of the shaft131 by a nut 67 threaded on the bolt 59. Y

The shaft 131 may be held in place on the bracket 141 which is bifurcated at 77 to form a split socket 78 to embrace the shaft 131 and which socket m'ay be tightened by a bolt 79 to clamp said shaft in place.

The automobile may he provided at the front with a screen 80 which may be secured in any suitable manner, and forms a perforated closure through which the air may pass to the radiator 10.

The T-fitting 26 is provided with the usual removable cap 81 for the purpose of replenishing the water circuit. The usual overiow pipe 82 is also provided, which extends from the interior of the T-fitting 26 down behind the screen 80.

The device may be operated either with or without a circulating pump of the usual type and i'n most instances, a pump such as illustrated. at 56 will not be necessary as the rotation of the radiator will force the water' along the blade 52, with equal or greater usedv in lieu of those villustrated without departing from the spirit of the invention, .or the scope of the claims.

I claim;

1. In a radiator, the combination of a drum, said drum including a first wall, a second wall andan inclined portion on the second wall extending to and connected with the first wall, a shaft extending through the center of said drum to support it, means by whichthe drum is rotated about said shaft, said shaft having two apertures in communication with the interior of the drum, a pipe connection having two openings therethrough, one of said openings associated with one of the apertures in said shaft to conductwater to the interior of said drum, a disc arranged close to the second wall'to conduct the incoming water to the outer edge of said second wall, whence the water is forced along the inclined portion by the centrifugal force to the first Wall, a stationary disc inside of said drum and located close to the first wall, said vdisc being secured to said shaft and being of a diameter large enough to extend close to said inclined portion, blades on said disc extending from its periphery substantially to the center of the` drum, said blades being effective to deviate the water to the center of the in said shaft through the other opening in said pipe connection, means on the outer surface of the inclined portion to agitate the `drum and force-it through the other aperture air, and means on the inner surface of said "to ,rotate the drum on its support, said support having apertures in communication ywith the interior of the drum, through one of which Water may be conducted to the `interior of the drum, means to guide the water along the second Wall and towards its louter edge, intermediate means to conduct the water from the outer edge of the second wall to the outer edge of the first wall and to agitate the water While being so conducted, and non-rotatable means extendingalong the first wall to divert the water from its outer ,edge to the center of the drum and to the other aperture in said support.

3. In a radiator, the combination of a drum, said drum including a first end wall and a second end wall, a support for said drum extending through its center, means to rotate the drum on its support, said support having apertures in communicat-ion with the interior of the drum, through one of which water may be conducted to the interior of the drum, means to guidethe water along the second wall and towards its outer edge, intermediate means to conduct the water from the outer edge of the second wall to the outer edge of the first wall, means extending along the first'y wall. to divert the Water from its outer edge to the center of the drum and to the other aperture in said support, said intermediate means including a wall, serving to cool the water, blades on the outer face of the last named Wall to agitate the air, and open plate-like members eX- Wally to the first end wall by forcing it to pass over said plate-like members against the centrifugal force.

4. A radiator for cooling water including in combination a drum, means to rotate said drum, said drum having a circular outwardly iiaring cooling Wall at its periphery which makes the drum of larger diameter at one end than at the other, means to conductthe Water into the drum and to the part of the cooling wall of Ysmallest diameter, the water being forced along the cooling wall by centrifugal force and non-rotatable means to v catch the water at the end of the cooling wall of largest diameter and to conduct it along the 4wall and out of the radiator.

5. In a radiator, the combination of a Water-cooling chamber having a cooling Wall,

circulate 'the Water through said chamber,"

meansto agitate the Water over said cooling Wall and means to` conduct the cooled water from said cooling chamber back to the source, comprising a series of curved blades forcing the water to the center of the radiator.

6. In a Water-cooling device, the combination of a drum having cooling surfaces, means to-rotate said drum to cool the water, means to conduct the hot water into said drum, means to force a thin sheet of water over .one cooling surface, means to .agitate the water over another cooling surface and means to 'draw the Water to the center of the radiator over a third cooling surface, and means to conduct the cooled water out of said drum While the latter is rotating, said means including a shaft for said drum upon Which it may be rotated, said shaft having an inlet aperture for the hot Water and an outlet aperture for the cooled water.

7. In a water-cooling device for the water of the water jacket of an internal combustion engine of an automobile, the combination of a vertically disposed drum arranged in front of saidengine, a horizontal shaft to support said drum, means connected to the engine to rotate said drum, said shaft having aninlet connection from the water jacket to the interior of said drum, an outlet connection to conduct the water from the drum to the water jacket, said drum including a rear wall, a side wall and a front wall, the latter being disposed at right angles to the directionvof travel of the automobile so as to be struck by the rush of air while the car is running,

means located inside of said drum to conduct the incoming water along said front wall'to be cooled thereby, means to agitate the water over said side wall and means to conduct the cooled Water to said outlet comprising a series of curved stationary blades.

8. A radiator for cooling water including in combination a drum, means to rotate said drum, said drum having two faces of unequal diameter and an inclined Wall at its periphery connecting said faces, means to conduct water into the drum at substantially the center thereof, and to the face of smaller diameter, a flexible disc adjacent said face of smaller diameter, the water being forced outwardly by centrifugal force along the smaller face in a thin sheet and alongthe inclined wall by centrifugal force also, and

means to catch the water atthe edge of the face of larger diameter and to conduct it in contact with the rear wall to the center of the drum and discharge it.

In testimony whereof'I 'have afliXed my signature to this specification. JCHN KARMAZIN.

Images