US1738645A - Rotary fluid-pressure motor - Google Patents

Description

G. H. GILMAN ROTARY FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR 2 sheets-sheet 1 original Filed Aug, 1m 1918 ww w E uw .1,

ROTARY FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR Original Filed Aug. 17, 1918 gsheetsnsheet 2 l (l, 6.3v 4

Patented Dec. l0, 1929 narran stares savana carica GEORGE H. G-LMAN, OF CLAREIVIONT, NEW HAMPSHIRE, .ASSIGrNOIlR/V TO SULLIVAN MACHINERY COlvHPANY, A CORPORATlON OF MASSACHUSETTS ROTARY FLUID-PRESSURE MOTOR Application filed August 17, 1918, Serial No. 250,389. Renewed July 8, 1927.

rIhis invention relates to an improved rotary motor of the pressure fluidtype. More particularly my invention relates to an im- 1 proved` pressure fluid rotary motor in which certain portions of the mechanism have both the function of developing rotary motion andthe function of reducing the speed of drive.

An object of my invention is to provide an improved pressure fluid rotary motor which may be operated at a suitable speed to secure maximum efficiency, and which will at the same time drive the device or devices to be driven at any desired speed. My invention has for a further object the provision of an improved pressure fluid rotary motor in which the torque developed is relatively great in proportion to the bulk and weight of the mechanism. A means of accomplishing the above objects, and constituting in itself a further object of my invention, is the provision of a motor of the-character referred to whose elements are so constructed and arranged that they will themselves act also as and conveniently manipulated.

The foregoing and other objects of the invention, together with means whereby the same may be carried into effect, will best 4be understood from the -following description of one illustrative form or embodiment thereof shown in the accompanying drawings.

In said drawings,-

Fig. 1 is a side elevation, partly broken away, of a complete percussive rock drill having a drill steel rotating motor constructed in accordance with the invention.

Fig. 2 is a section taken substantially on the line 2-2, Fig. 1, showing the valve for controlling the rotating motor, its relative pestion being at right angles to that shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 1s a longitudinal section on the line 3 3, Fig. 1.

Figs. 4, 5, and 6 are transverse sections, taken on the lines 4-4, 55, and 6-6, respectively, Figs. 1 and 3. l'

rEhe invention is herein illustrated as applied to and embodied in the drill bit rotating motor of a percussive rock drill -of a well known general type. Said drill, as herein shown, comprises a main 'casing including a cylinder 10 containing the usual hammerl pisis a valve device for controlling the percus sive motor, said 'valve device comprising a conical valve casing 15 supplied with pressure fluid through a suitable pipe 16 communicating with the end of said casing, and a hollow conical throttle valve 17 rotatably mounted in said casing and provided with an operating handle 18. The ports and passages in the 'valve and casing for admitting Huidpressure to the percussive motor are'not shown herein, being well known in the art, and forming no part of the present invention. The drillmay be provided with suitable fluid pressure feeding mtchanism for advancing the same'as the drilling progresses, said mechanism as herein shown comprising-a feed cylinder 19 having a projecting spur 20 a piston, and a piston rod 21 having an attaching flange secured to the head block 12 by the bolts 13, the whole being supplied with fluid pressure from any suitable source and controlled by a suitable throttle valve 22. The hammer piston above referred to may cooperate with a suitable anvil block 23 carried by the front head 11, said anvil block engaging the rear end of a drill steel 24 mounted in a chuck 25 in such a manner as to rotate therewith while being capable of longitudinal movement therein, as by forming said drill steel witha non-circular end which is received in a correspondingly formed opening in said chuck, the latter being rotatably mounted in the main casing, as in a cylindrical sleeve-like extension 26 on the front head l1. The usual drill bit retainer 27 may, if desired, be employed, the rear ends of said retainer being supported by the projecting ends of the nuts 14, and the forward end thereof cooperating vwith a suitable shank or collar'28 formed on the drill steel'24, whereby said drill steel is `retained in said chuck but is permited a liinited longitudinal movement therein as above l mentioned.

The parts thus far referred to, except as i hereinafter pointed out, may be of any usual 37 which engage the disk 33, said bolts being' 0r well known construction and arrangement and, being well known in the art, require no further description in detail herein.

For rotating the chuck 25, and consequently the drill steel 24there isprovided a rotary fluid pressure motor embodying the present invention, said motor as herein shown being enclosed by a casing 29 secured to the front head 11 by means of bolts 30 passing through suitable sleeve-like lugs 31 formed on said casing 29. Within the casing 29 is a rotary element `or casing forming a part of the motor and comprising a cylindrical portion 32 and two end heads or disks 33 and 34. The members 32, 33, and 34 are held in assembled relationship by means of bolts 35 having nuts 36 which engage the head or disk 34, and heads preferably held against rotation with respect to the latterdisk, as by means of pins 38.

The head or disk 34 is rotatably mounted on a bearing portion 39 formed on the sleeve 26, While the head or disk 33 is connected by an .antifriction bearing 40 with the casing 29. .Extending centrally through the casing members 32, 33, and 34, is a cylindrical chamber 41 arranged coaxial with the drill steel 24,

said chamber receiving the sleeve 26 and certain'other parts hereinafter referred to. The member 32 is further provided with a plurality (herein four) of cylindrical rotor `G0' chambers 42, coaxial with the bolts 35 and disposed symmetrically about the axis of the chamber 41 and with their axes parallel there- Located within each of the chambers 42 and rotatably mounted upon the'corresponding bolt 35, is a sleeve 43 having formed at one end a planet rotor or gear 44, herein, for example, having spiral teeth which mesh with correspondingly formed teeth on a fixed sun gear 45 keyed or otherwise securedto the 4 sleeve 26. Fast upon the opposite end of each of the sleeves 43 is a second planet gear or rotor 46, herein likewise having spiral teeth oppositely inclined with respect to the teeth of the gears 44, the teeth of each of the gears 46 meshingv with correspondingly formed teeth on a rotating sun gear 47 journaled at its inner end on the sleeve 26 and at its outer end in a sleeve-like extension 48 of the end head 33, said gear 47 being suitably connected tion of the .Oears 44 is transmitted to the gear 47 at a greatly reduced speed.

By reference to Fig. l it will be seen that, by reason of the opposite inclination of the teeth on the gears 44 and 45, on the one hand, and those on the gears 46 and 47, on the other, each pair of gears 44, 46 forms with the gears 45, 47 a double spiral or herringbone rotary motor couple of familiar form, whereby by admitting fluid pressure at the point 48, the gears or rotors of each couple may be caused to rotate relatively to each other in opposite directions, respectively. For so supplying pressurefluid to each of the gears or rotors 44, 46, the following connections are pro-` vided. y

Rotatably mounted Within the conical throttle valve 17 is a second hollow conical valve 49 having a stem 50 arranged coaxially with the stem of the valve 17 and journaled within the same, said stem 50 being provided at its outer end with an operating handle 51. The valve 49 is formed with a port 52 adapted in one position of said valve 49 to register with the port 53 in the valve 17 the latter port being in turn adapted, in one position of the valve 17, to register with the port 54 in the valve casing 15. -The port 54 communicates with a passage .55 extending longitudinally through the head block 12', cylinder 10, and hea-d 11, and communicating at its opposite end with an annular groove 56 formed in the bearing surfaceA 39 of the sleeve 26.- Communicating with the groove 56 are passages 57 formed in the members34 and 32, and corresponding in number to the rotor couples, said passages terminating in air inlet ports 58 communicating respectively with the spaces between the teeth'of the compound rotors or gears 45, 47 and the teeth of the several compound rotors or gears 44, 46 at points 48 approximately midway of the lengths of the terminate. For exhausting the Aair from each of the rotor couples, there is provided for each of'said couples, and at the side opposite the inlet port 58,1exhaust means 59 which opens through the disk or member 33 whence the exhaust fluid may pass through the bearing 40 and be discharged to the atmosphere through suitable openings 60 in the casing 29.

For the purpose of lubricating the moving parts'f the motor, the member 32 is formed at points intermediate the rotor chambers 42 with chambers 69 (Fig. 5) constituting lubricant receptacles. Communicating with each of the `lubricant chambers 69 at the outer side thereof, is a passage 61 (Fig. 4) in the member 32, which passages 61 communicate with passages 62 in the member 34, said passages 62 extending from the passages 61 in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the member 32,33, 34, as indicated by the arrow on Fig. 4.v Each of the passages 62 communicates through a port 63 with the bearing surface between the inner face of the l member 34 and the end of the corresponding gear or rotor 44, and also communicates through a port 64 with an axial chamber 65 formed in the corresponding bolt 35. Each of the bolts 35 is formed with one or more ports 66 leading from the chamber 65 therein and communicating with av lubricant groove 67 formed in its outer surface. As will be l seen, when the motor is in operation the lubricant in the chambers 69 will be thrown by centrifugal action to the outer sides of said chambers, whence, by reason of the position of the passages 62 with respect to the direction of rotation of the rotary casinfg,fsaid lubricant will pass through said passages to the ports 63 and 64. The lubricant from the passages 64 passing throughthe chambers 65 and ports 66 to the grooves 67 will lubricate the bearing surfaces between the bolts 35and sleeves 43, while the lubricant from the port 63 will work its way through the teeth of the rotors, being finally discharged with theexhaust air upon the bearing 40, and being preventedfrom passing with said exhaust from Y said bearing `through the discharge opening 60 by means of an inwardly projectl-ng annular flange 68.0n the casing 29 and surrounding said bearing.

The operation of the motor is as follows:

The valves 17 and 49 being in the position shown in Fig. 2, air from thel supply pipe 16 will pass through the passage 55, groove 56, passages 57, and inlet ports 58, to the central space lbetween the teeth of each rotor couple. Here we will irst consider the action of the pressure fluid on the members 44 and 45. The pressure of the fluid upon the teeth of ,the planet gears 44 will rotate said gears in the r direction of the arrow A on Fig. 5, causing I said gears to travel about the fixed sun gear 45, carrying with them the rotary motor casing 3,2, and causing rotation of said casing in pressure fluid to the planet and sun gears 46 and 47, a similar action will take place between said last named gears. Since, however, the gear 47 is not fixed, but is free to rotate, and since the ratio between the numbers of teeth on the gears of said last named pair is diderent from the ratio between the numbers of teeth on the gears of said first named pair, while the movement of revolution of the gears 44 and 46with the casing 32 is the same, the gear 47, which carries with it the chuck 25 and drill steel 24, will be caused to rotate at a speed dependent upon the product of two factors, first the velocity ofthe casing 32 and second a value fou-nd by subtracting from 1 ffm the :traction n where fequals the number whereby the resultant speed developed by the y motor is greatly reduced, within the motor itself, with respect to the normal speed of rotation of the motor elements, and may, in designing the motor, be widely varied in accordance with requirements by a simple variation in the relative number of teeth on thev several rotors of the set. lnthis manner the speed of rotation of the rotors may be made as great as desirable for reasons of eiiiciency, while the resultant speed may be as slowpas desirable for the purposes` to which it is put,

these results being accomplished by the use of' a single set'of rotors which perform the doul ble function of motor elements and speed reducing elements, .thereby doing away with ythe necessity usually encountered of providing reduction gearing in addition to the motor mechanism.

lt vwill furthermore be seen that, by the arrangementdescribed and shown, the combined torque of a plurality .of rotors. is applied to the rotated element, these rotors being symmetrically disposed in such amanner as to produce a balanced and very compact'` structure wherein the ratio of the power generated to the bulk and weight of the parts is '125 very high. This motoris particularly well adapted to the purpose since it is fully capable of developing the power necessary for the purpose of rotating a drill steel within a symmetrical structure of a diameter but little, if any, greater than herein illustrated,

that ofthe drill bit percussive motor cylinder 10.

While I have in this application specifically described one embodiment of my invention, it will be noted that the particular construction described and shown has been chosen for illustrative purposes merely, and that the invention as defined by the claims hereto appended may be otherwise practised without de arting from the spirit and scope thereof. at I claim as new'. and desire to secure by Letters-Patent is :fn 1. A fluid pressuremotor comprising a casing providing chambers communicating with l each other, a central cylindrical element rotatably mounted in one of said chambers, a second element rotatably mounted in another of s aid chambers and cooperating with said central element to form a fluid pressure receiving pocket of increasing volume as said elements revolve on their axes, means supporting said casing for rotation wherebyisaid secondelementmay traverse an orbit about the axis of said central element, and means forsupplying motive fluid to said elements.

2. A fluid pressure motor comprising a rotary sun gear, a rotary planet gear cooperating therewith, means for supporting said gears permitting revolution of said planet gear in arr/orbit about the axis of said sun gear, said means comprising a rotatably mounted casing having rotor' chambers in which said gears are rotatable, and

means Afor supplying motive fluid to said gears to ei'ect rotation thereof. s

3. A fluid pressure motor comprising a rotatable chambered housing, coaxial fixed and rotary,7 central elements therein, connected rotary elements disposed in said housing and cooperating with said central elementsl respectively, said connected rotary elements being mounted in said housing for revolution bodily about the axis of said central elements, and means for supplying motive fluid to said several elements.

4f. A fluid pressure motor comprising a rotatable chambered casing, a rotary central element therein, a group of spaced rotary elements surrounding said central element and each forming with said central element a motor couple, said spaced rotary elements being also enclosed in said casing andy being mounted for orbital movement about the axis of said central element, means for supplying motive fluid to each of said couples, and means including a stationary gear for effecting lrevolution of said spaced rotary lelements 'rotatable and .said planet gears revolving gears and said member being mounted for rotation upon the axis of said sun)gears, planet gears in others of said chambers cooperating with said sun gears and mounted for rotation at equiangular rates, and means for supplying motive fluid to one 4,of said gears.

7. A combined fluid pressure mot-or and speed reducing mechanism comprising a compound planetary gear train including a plurality of coaxial sun gears one of which is rotatable relative to the other, a member surrounding said gears and provided with a plurality of gear chambers in certain of which said sun gears are disposed, said member being mounted for rotation upon the common axis of said sun gears, planet gears in others of saidchambers cooperating with said sun gears respectively and rotating and revolving at equal rates, and means for supplying motive fluid adjacent the mesh lines of -each of said planet gears with its sun gear.

8. A combined fluid pressure motor and speed reducing mechanism comprising a compound planetary gear train including a plurality of combined gear and motor couples each comprising intermeshing toothed elements, vthe tooth ratios of the couples being not all alike, means connecting an element of a couple having 'one tooth ratio for equiangular rotation with an element of a couple of a different tooth ratio, a rotatably mounted casing having chambers therein enclosing said elements, and means for supplying motive fluid to one of said elements.

9. A combined fluid pressure motor and speed reducing mechanism comprising a compound planetary gear train including a plurality of combined gear and motor couples each comprising intermeshing toothed elements, the tooth ratios of the couples being not all alike, means connecting an element of a couple having one tooth ratio for equiangular rotation with an element of a couple of a derent tooth rat-io, a rotatably mounted casing having chambers formed therein and enclosing said elements, and means for supplying motive fluid to all of said couples.

10. A combined fluid pressuremotor and speed reducingy mechanism comprisinga compound planetary gear train including coaxial xed and rotary sun gears and con-v ioo nected planet gears cooperating with said sun gears, respectively, said planet gears being mounted for revolution in unison about the ,f

axis of said sun gears, each of said planet gearsforming with its cooperating sun gear a combined gear and motor couple, and the tooth ratios ofthe couples being not all alike, a rotatably mounted casing having chambers therein constituting cylinders in which said gears are rotatable, and means for supplying motive fluid to one of said gears.

11. A combined iuid pressure motor and speed reducing mechanism comprising a compound planetary gear train including coaxial fixed and rotary sun gears and connected planet gears cooperating with said sun gears, respectively, said planet gears being lmounted for revolution in unison about the axis of said sun gears, each of said planet gears forming with its cooperatingl sun gear a combined gear and motor couple, the tooth ratios of the couples being not all alike, a rotatably mounted casing having chambers therein constituting cylinders in which said gears are rotatable, and means for supplying motive Huid to each of said couples.

l2. A combined fluid pressure motor and speed reducing mechanism comprising a compound planetary gear train including coaxial ixed and rotary sun gears and a plurality of planet gear pairs each comprising a portion cooperating with said xed sun gear and a gear portion cooperating with said rotary sun gear, said planet gear pairs being mounted for revolution in unison about the axis of. said sun gears, each of said planet gear portions forming with its cooperating sun gear a motor couple, the tooth ratios of the xedsun gear to its cooperating planet gears being dierent from the tooth ratios of thelrotary sun gear to its cooperating planet gears, a

- casing having chambers therein constituting cylinders in which said gears are rotatab e,

and means for supplying motive iluid to each of saidcouples.

13. In combination, a rotatable housing having intersecting i parallel cylindrical chambers formed therein, rotors having intermeshing tooth blades and mounted in said chambers, means for supplying and exhausting fluid pressure with respect to said chambers to cause rotation of said rotors by the action of the fluid pressure between the teeth thereof, and means comprising a stationag7 gear and pinion rotating coaxially with one of said rotors. for causing rotation of said housing. v ,i

14. In combination, a rotatable housing having intersecting `parallel cylindrical chambers formed therein, rotors provided with intermeshing tooth blades which cooperate with each othen and fwith said housing upon. rotation of said rotors to formpockets expanding 'in volume, said rotors being mounted in 'said chambers, means for jacent/the inception of said pockets to cause Vr'tation of said rotors andl for exhausting said fluid, and means comprising a stationary gear and pinion rotating coaxially with one' of said rotors for causing rotation of sa'lid housing.

l5. In a able on an axis parallel to that of one of said rotors and driven on rotation of the latter, and a stationary gear with which said pinion meshes to cause said casing to rotate.

16. A combined Huid pressure motor and speed reduction fmechanism comprising a plural stage epicyclic gear train including a plurality of mutually distinct combined, gear and motor couples each comprising intermeshing toothed elements, a rotatably mounted casing having chambers therein enclosing the couples of said gear train, and means for supplying motive Huid to a plurality of the gear and motor couples of said epicyclic gear train.

v17. ln combination, a rotatably mounted casing, a gear coaxial therewith and constitilting a reaction element, a gear element carried by said casing in a position odset from the axis of rotation of the latter and meshing with said reaction gear whereby upon rotation of said gear element the latter undergoes lorbital movement about the axis of said reaction element and. causes rotationof said casing, sald casmg having cyllndrlcal boresconducting exhaust fluid away therefrom,

and an operative connection between one of fluid pressure motor, in combination, a rotatably mounted casmg'haylng/a saidrotors and said gear element whereby upon rotation of lsaid. rotor the casing is rotated upon its axis. v

18. linv combination, a rotatably mounted casing, a gear coaxial therewith and constitutinga reaction'element, a gear element carried by said casing'n aposition oset from the axis of rotation of the latter and meshing with the reaction gearwhereby uponrotation of the gear element the latter undergoes orbital movementiabout thej axis of the `reaction element and causes rotation of said casing, said casing having intersecting bores therein, intermeshing rotors in said bores, means for conducting motive fhlid to said rotors to eect rotation thereof and for conducting exhaust fluid away therefrom, and an operative connection lbetween one of the rotors and the gear element whereby4 upon rotation of the rotor the casing is rotated upon its axis.

19. In a fluid pressure motor, in combination, a rotatably mounted housing having intersecting parallel cylindrical chambers formed therein, rotors provided with intermeshing tooth blades which cooperate with each other and with said housing upon rotation of said rotors to form pockets expanding for causing rotation of said housing.

20. A pressure fluid operated drill rotation mechanism including a chuck and a gear train including a gear couple of which one gear is coaxial with and rotates the chuck, a second gear couple having a gear coaxial with the other gear of the first mentioned couple and connected thereto for rotation at equal angular rates, and means for supplying pressure fluid to the first gear couple and means for supplying pressure fluid to the second gear couple.

' 21. In a-pressure fluid operated drill rotation mechanism, a chuck and a combined fluid pressure motor and speed reduction mechanism including a gear train comprising a plurality of stages of reduction, a shaft between two stages, each of said two stages comprising a gear couple ofwhich one gear is on said shaft, and means for supplying pressure fluid to said gear couples.

22. In combination, a chuck and driving means therefor for effecting rotation thereof including a gear coaxial with the chuck, a gear disposed with its axis parallel to a line parallel to the axis ofthe first mentioned gear, said first and second mentioned gears being mutually distinct, gears meshing with the first and second mentionedA gears and connectedk with each other for rotation at equal angular rates, and means for supplying fluid to the teeth of each pair of intermeshing gears to effect the production of power by each pair.

23. In combination, a chuck, and driving means therefor for effecting rotation thereof including a gear coaxial with said chuck, a gear disposed with its axis parallel to a line parallel to the axis of said first mentioned gear butdis osed at the opposite side of a plane to which said line is `perpendicular from said first mentioned gear, said first and second mentioned gears-being mutually distinct, gears meshing with the rst and second mentioned gears and connected with each Ione couple being coaxial with and connected to one gearof the next couple in the series for rotation at equal angular rates, each couplecomprising intermeshing toothed elements,'and means for supplying motive fluid to all of said couples.

25. A, pressure Huid operated drill, rotation mechanism including a chuck and a combined fluid pressure motor and speed reduc-ing mechanisml for 'driving -said chuck comprising a gear train having a plurality of mutually distinct combined gear and motor couples, each comprising intermeshing toothed elements, a gear of one couple being coaxial with and rotating the chuck' and another of said couples having one of its gears coaxial withthe other gear of said first mentioned couple', and means for supplying motive fluid to said couples.

26. In a pressure fluid-operated drill rotation mechanism, a chuck provided with a gear Ifor driving the same, a pressure fluid motor comprising a central toothed motor element disposed substantially 'coaxial with said chuck` and distinct from saidchuck gear and an offset toothed motor element disposed in intermeshing relation with said central motor element and driving connections between said odset toothed motor element and said chuck gear including aA 27. In a pressure fluid operated drill roeach of said offset toothed motor elements i and said chuck gear each including a driving member coaxial with the respective off' set motor element. i

28. In a pressure fluid operated drill rotation mechanism, a chuck provided with a gear for driving the same, asleeve-like extension carried by the fronthead 'of the drill, a pressure fluid motorfsurrunding said osleeve, said motor/ comprising a central mesme toothed motor element surrounding said sleeve, and a plurality of offset toothed motor elements each forming With said central motor element a gear couple in the form of interineshing toothed gear elements, said motor comprising means for supplying pressure fluid to each of said gear' couples, and' driving connections between each of said olfset toothed motor elements and said chuck gear each including a. driving member 'co axial With the respective oiset motor element.

In testimony 'whereof I affix my signature.

. GEORGE H. GILMAN.

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