US173745A - Improvement in direct-acting pumping-engines - Google Patents

Description

w. WALKER. DIRECT-ACTING P'U'MJPII TG-EITGIIQ'TIT. .No. 173,74.-5

Patented Feb. 22, 1876.

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UNITED STATEs PATENT OFFroE.

WILLIAM WALKER, oEMANoHEsT R, ENGLAND, AssieNoR or ONE-HALF HIS RIGHT To JOHN TREeoNINe, OF WILMINGTON, DELAWARE.

IMPROVEMENT IN DIRECT-ACTING PUMPING-ENGINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 173,745, dated February 22, 1876; application filed September 8, 1875.

To all whom ti may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM WALK R, of Manchester, in the county of Lancaster, England, have invented certain Improvements in Direct-Acting Steam Pumping-Engines, of which the following is a specification:

The invention relates to the now well-known class of steam-pumps or pumping-engines, in whichwthc valves employed to regulate the admission and emission of the steam to and from the cylinders are actuated without the aid of rotating shafts; and the principal object is to promote economy in the consumption of steam. Such pumps are arranged to work expansively in the following manner:

An elongated piston has two ends provided with packing, of a diameter. to suit the bore of the steam-cylinder, and has a cylindrical portion of a lesser diameter extending between the said ends, the said cylindrical portion being fitted #110 work in a suitably steam-tight manner in a partition, which is formed by con tracti n g the bore of the cylinder at or near the center of the cylinder, or by fixing in such position an annular-shaped block or partition- Annular chambers are thus formed, into which steam is admitted to act upon the smaller areas of the piston ends, and is afterward expanded into the spaces between the piston ends and the cylindercovers to act upon the larger areas of the said piston. A cylindrical valve (or two cylindrical valves connected together) regulates the movements of the steam, each valve being formed with a passage to connect two ports, through which steam passes from the annular steam-space between the piston and the cylinder-cover, and also with a passage which connects the said larger steam-space with the exhaust-passage. Steam is admitted into a space between the two valves, and finds its way by leakage into the end spaces between the said valves and the valve-box covers. The last-named end spaces are connected by passages with ports formed in the aforesaid partition, and as the piston moves to and fro passages formed in the said piston establish a communication between the said ports and a port leading into the exhaust-passage.

The arrangements herein described are applicable'to pumps employed in the raising, forcing, or exhausting of water, air, or other fluids. I

A steam-pump of the kind referred to is illustrated by the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 represents a side elevation of the steam-pump, with the steam-cylinder in section. Fig. 2 is vertical section on the line A, and Fig. 3 a vertical section on the line B, inFig. 1. i v

In the said figures, O is the piston, which is formed with two heads, a a, connected to gether by means of a barrel-part, b. The said headsare made to lit the interior of the cylinder D, and are provided with packing or packing-rings in the usual or ina suitable manner. At about the center of the length of the said cylinder an annular partition, 0, is fixed, the said partition beingbored, and provided with packing to suit the barrel 1), and the said barrel being turned and fitted to slide within the said partition in asuitably steam tight manner. A key, fixed in the said partition, and entering a groove formed in the barrel b, prevents the said barrel from rotating. Other means may be employed to prevent such rotation, if preferred. The cylinder D is formed with a valve chest or chamber, E, which is bored out to receive the slidevalve F, which is fitted to slide to and fro within the said chamber. The said valve consists of two parts, which are connected together at cl, so as to form one casting; but, if preferred, the said valve may consist of two castings, suitably connected together. The two sections of the valve are formed with passages 6 which serve to establish communications for the flow of steam from the an nular spaces g h to the end spaces t'j of the cylinder, and with recesses 70 l, which, at the proper times, establish communication between the passages m a and exhaust-passages 0., The said valve is not required to be quite steam-tight within the chamber F, and therefore is not provided with packing-rings; but such rings may be employed, if thought to be necessary. Steam is admitted to the central space between the two sections of the valve through an opening at p, and part of such steam finds it way by leakage into the end spaces q r. A passage, 8, formed in the cylinder-casting, extends from the space q to a port formed in the partition 0, as represented by thedotted lines in Fig: 1. A similar passage, t, extends from the space 1 to a second port formed in the said partition; but as the said passageis formed in the part which is represented as being cut away in Fig. 1, it does not appear in the said figure. Two passages, u and c, are formed in the barrel 1) in such a manner and in such positions, as that, when the piston G approaches the termination of its stroke in either direction, oneof the last-named passages will connect the passage s or t, as the case may be, with a passage, to, which extends into the exhaust-passage, the effect being that steam will flow from the space q or r, as the case may be, into the said exhaust-passage, and the equilibrium of pressure upon the-ends ot' the valve being thereby disturbed, the said valve will be moved in the direction toward the space which has been so exhausted. Supposing the parts to be in the positions as represented in the drawings, highpressure steam would be flowing through the port a: into the annular space h, and at the same time the steam which had acted during the im mediately-previous stroke would be flowin g through the port y and passages e and m into the space i, into which space the said steam would expand, and the piston would therefore be propelled in the direction indicated by the arrow, the exhaust steam flowing from the spacej through the passages a and Zinto the exhaust-passage 0. The movement of the piston in the said direction would continue until the passage u in the piston had moved into position to connect the two passages s and w, in manner as seen in Fig. 2, when steam would flow from the space q into the exhaust-passage 0, and the excess of pressure within the space V would force the valve toward the end of the valve-chamber marked q. The efl'ect of this movement of the'valve would be to open the port 3 for the admission of highpres'snre steam into the annular space 9, and to establish a thoroughfare for the flow of expanding steam from the annular space h through the passages 00, f, and a into the space j, the passage m being caused to communicate with the exhaust-passage 0, whereby the reversal of the direction of motion of the piston would be effected. Astarting-handle,,z, is provided, in order that the valve may be worked'by hand when the pump is to be set in motion after being at rest. The said handle is mounted on a rocking shaft, on which 'is' fixed or formed a lever, which gives motion to the valve when the shaft is rocked by means of the said handle.

The pump proper, G, may be of any ordinary or suitable form and construction, as may be preferred, or as may be suitable to varying requirements.

I claim- The valve F, having upon its ends cylindrical portions of a diameter less than that of the cylinder in which theymove, in order that a sufficient amount of steam may pass said cylindrical portion to operate the valve, in combination with the piston G, having steampassages formed in it, and eduction-passages s, u, t, and w, the parts being constructed and arranged substantially as herein described,

whereby the valve is made to control the induction and eduction of steam to and from the spaces *5, j, and it of the piston and cylinder, for the purpose set forth.

WILLIAM WALKER. Witnesses:

- EDWARD K. DUTTON,

HUGH G. GRANT.

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