US1737253A - Means for recording and reproducing sound - Google Patents

Means for recording and reproducing sound Download PDF

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Publication number
US1737253A
US1737253A US222543A US22254327A US1737253A US 1737253 A US1737253 A US 1737253A US 222543 A US222543 A US 222543A US 22254327 A US22254327 A US 22254327A US 1737253 A US1737253 A US 1737253A
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United States
Prior art keywords
crystal
stylus
electrical
record
face
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Expired - Lifetime
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US222543A
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English (en)
Inventor
Linsell Alfred Aubyn
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RCA Corp
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RCA Corp
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Publication date
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
    • H04R17/04—Gramophone pick-ups using a stylus; Recorders using a stylus

Definitions

  • This invention relates to means for recordmg and/ or reproducing sound, and more particularly to means for recording sound upon gramophone and the like records and/or reproducing sound therefrom.
  • nieans for recording or reproducing sound comprise a piezo-electri'c crystal, means for applying otential to or deriving potential from one or more of the faces of'the crystal, and means for applying force to or deriving force from one or more of the faces of the crystal.
  • the piezo-electric. crystal may be employed in conjunction with a separate stylus device, such as a steel point or a sapphire, but preferablysuch stylus device is formed integral with the crystal.
  • a suitably cutpiezo-electric crystal is subjected to a compressive, followed in certain cases by a tensile, ing in such a manner as to produce a corresponding contraction or extension of the crystal in a plane containing any two of the principal axes thereof, the said forcebeing applied by and due to the movement of a stylus, aflixed to the saidcrystal, and in conof a piezo-electric crystal are the optical axis,
  • the sound waveslafter amplification if desired are converted into corresponding electrical potentials, which are applied toopposite faces of a suitably cut piezo-electrlc crystal, thereby causing a physical deformation of the crystal,
  • actcrystal results in the generation therein of an.
  • the crystal is 'mounted in a holder or carriage attached by a flexible coupling to an arm'positioned close to the record and pivoted in such a manner as to allow the carriage to move-across the record face following the course-of the sound trace.
  • the weight, and therefore the inertia, of the carriage is such, and is so'positioned, that it provides a substantially rigidholder for the crystalin relation to the surface ofthe record, while at the same time the flexible coupling prevents any unevenness in the movement of the-record table (due, for example, to eccentricity of mounting), from affecting the crystal.
  • the first example relates to phonograph or pathephone reproduction.
  • a rectangular plate is. cut whose faces are parallel to the optical axis, the electrical axis, and a geometrical axis which is perpendicular to the optical, and electrical axes, respectively.
  • the stylus In the center of the face containing the electrical .and eometrical axes is affixed the stylus, or a ternatively, this face may be ground with a projection shaped to act as the stylus.
  • the crystal is mounted in a carriage so that the face carrying the stylus projects freely from it, and the opposite face bears on the body of the carriage.
  • Two rectangular electrodes are provided on the two faces containingthe optic and geometric axes, and
  • these electrodes may also assist in retaining the crystal in the carriage.
  • Other side members may also be provided for retaining the crystal in position, if desired.
  • the carriage is joined to a pivoted arm by a rubber or similar flexible coupling, the weight of the carriage being suflicient to provide a substantially rigid holder for the crystal with respect to the record.
  • the crystalin its carriage is then mounted above the record, with the stylus in contact with the sound trace in the usual manner. It will be clear, therefore, that the varying contour of the sound trace will cause the stylus to move in a direction parallel to the optic axis, and this in its turn, since the carriage is substantially rigid, due to its inertia, will tend to cause the crystal to expand in the direction of the electrical and accordance with the original sound trace on reproduction.
  • the second example refers to gramophone This is generally similar to the example just described, but a different method of mounting the crystal is adopted, and the position of the stylus on the face of the crystal is also altered. The reason for this alteration is due to the difference between the sound trace on a phonograph or pathephone and a gramophone record, the first producing an up and down movement of the stylus, while the second gives v a side to side movement. In other respects.
  • thestylus instead of being positioned in the center of the face containing the electrical and geometrical axes, is now positioned at the center of one of parallel to the electrical axis.
  • the crystal with its carriage is then positionedabove the gramophone record with the side carrying the stylus in the center maklng a tangent with the circular groove of the sound trace, the stylus being of course in contact with the said trace.
  • the resultlng movement ofthe stylus in one direction due to the I sound trace, will therefore cause the whole or a part of the face containing the optical and. geometrical axes to contract, while movement mthe other direction will cause it to expand. This expansion and contraction will generate electrical potential as before, which may be a lified as desired.
  • the shape of the crystal has been described as rectangular but other shapes may be used, as, for instance, one in which two or more of the faces are triangular.
  • the stylus in the case of the gramophone may be placed at any other desired position on t e face of the crystal, and not only on one side as hereinbefore described.
  • the edge A B is parallel to the optic axis of the crystal, the edge A D parallel to the geometric axis, and the ed e A E parallel to the electric .axis thereo
  • the part 4 may be cut to any desired degree of sharpness.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show in front and side elevation respectively a slightly modified form of crystal in which the part 4 is cut more abruptly.
  • Figures 7 and 8 show in front and side elevation respectively a form of crystal suit able for use in gramophone reproduction.
  • the stylus is formed as an abrupt pomt similar 3 to that shown in Figures 3 and'4, but -d1splaced towards the face A
  • a force tending tomove the stylus 4 to the left, will cause substantially the whole of the face-A B C D to undergo tension, wh le a force, tending to move .the stylus tothe right, will cause a corresponding compression over substantially the whole face
  • trodes are required coverin the whole of the face A B Cv responding rear face.
  • Figures 9, 10 and 11 show in front and slde elevation and plan respectively a convenient form of carriage and electrode arrangement.
  • This arrangement which is adapted tecarry any of the forms of crystal shown in F gures 1 to 6, comprises a metal box consisting of two halves and 6, insulated from one another by a member 9 (or by an air space rendering the said member 9 unnecessary) and carrying between them the crystal 1 which is held in position by means of screws passing through the said halves but insulated therefrom by ebonite or the like bushings 8.
  • the box halves 5 and 6 serve the double function of retaining tlg crystal and serving as electrodes in contact with the crystal facescontaining the optic and geometric axes.
  • the box halves 5 and 6 may substantially and the cor- 05 be insulated from the crystal faces containorce tends Y tion,
  • a B C D With only two elecing the electric and geometric axes by narrow strips of mica, ebonite or the like.
  • Figuresv 12,, 13 and 14 show in front and will 1 side elevation and plan respectively a conveni'ent form of carriage and electrode arrangement, suitable for use in gramophone recording or reproduction, with a crystal such as that shown in Figures 7 and 8.
  • the carriage comprises four members' 5, 6, 5 and 6, clamped together to retain the crystal by means of screws 7 insulated by bushings 8.
  • 9, 9, 9" are insulating members which may, however, be dispensed with if the members, 5, 6, 5, 6, are so shaped and are of such size that when in position about a crystal there'is a suflicient air spacebetween their edges to provide-the required insulation.
  • Figure 15 shows in diagrammatic form a suita 1e amplifier arrangement for use with any'of the foregoing crystal arrangements.
  • 10 is a thermionic valve whose grid and cathode are connected across the potential generating electrodes.
  • the grid and cathode would be connected across electrodes 5 and 6, while in the arrangement shown in Figures 12 to '14, the said grid and cathode would be connected across the pairs of electrodes 5, 6' and 5, 6; '11 is an impedance connected in series with a bias battery 12, between the said id and filament.
  • 13, 14 are the primary an secondary of a transformer, the secondary of which is adapted to actuate a telephone, loud speaker or the like .(not shown) Having now particulaiily described and ascertained the nature of .my said invention and in whatmanner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:
  • a reversible'electrical reproducer comelectro es connected to two opposite faces ofsaid body portion.
  • a piezo electric body adapted to transform mechanical vibrations into electrical oscillations or electrical oscillationsinto mechanical vibrations, and a stylus integrallyformed on said body and of the same material.
  • a piezo electric crystal section orm electrical oscillations vibrations and mechanical vibrations into electrical oscillations said crystal comprising abody portion, a stylus integral with and projecting from said body portion, and pair of electrodes connected to said body portion.
  • a piezo electric crystal section comprising a body portion and a stylus integrally formed with said body portion and of the same material.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
US222543A 1926-10-02 1927-09-28 Means for recording and reproducing sound Expired - Lifetime US1737253A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB24425/26A GB282906A (en) 1926-10-02 1926-10-02 Improvements in or relating to means for recording or reproducing sound

Publications (1)

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US1737253A true US1737253A (en) 1929-11-26

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US222543A Expired - Lifetime US1737253A (en) 1926-10-02 1927-09-28 Means for recording and reproducing sound

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US (1) US1737253A (de)
BE (1) BE345853A (de)
FR (1) FR641562A (de)
GB (1) GB282906A (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2564054A (en) * 1947-10-10 1951-08-14 Magnavox Co Phonograph pickup and mechanical motion converting system therefor
US2564136A (en) * 1943-03-04 1951-08-14 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Corundum crystal recording or reproducing member
US2577149A (en) * 1947-07-18 1951-12-04 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Corundum phonograph needle and sound reproducing apparatus embodying same
US3409904A (en) * 1966-12-20 1968-11-05 Motorola Inc Printer having piezoelectric crystal printing means
US3652809A (en) * 1968-02-13 1972-03-28 Telefunken Gmbh System for reproducing mechanically stored signals including carrier having deformable means coacting with pressure-sensitive pickup means
US3805100A (en) * 1972-01-22 1974-04-16 Ted Bildplatten Piezoelectric record cutting stylus
US3813101A (en) * 1971-06-12 1974-05-28 E Benz Pickup needle
US4644215A (en) * 1984-10-17 1987-02-17 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Piezoelectric vibration measurement head

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2564136A (en) * 1943-03-04 1951-08-14 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Corundum crystal recording or reproducing member
US2577149A (en) * 1947-07-18 1951-12-04 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Corundum phonograph needle and sound reproducing apparatus embodying same
US2564054A (en) * 1947-10-10 1951-08-14 Magnavox Co Phonograph pickup and mechanical motion converting system therefor
US3409904A (en) * 1966-12-20 1968-11-05 Motorola Inc Printer having piezoelectric crystal printing means
US3652809A (en) * 1968-02-13 1972-03-28 Telefunken Gmbh System for reproducing mechanically stored signals including carrier having deformable means coacting with pressure-sensitive pickup means
US3813101A (en) * 1971-06-12 1974-05-28 E Benz Pickup needle
US3805100A (en) * 1972-01-22 1974-04-16 Ted Bildplatten Piezoelectric record cutting stylus
US4644215A (en) * 1984-10-17 1987-02-17 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Piezoelectric vibration measurement head

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR641562A (fr) 1928-08-07
GB282906A (en) 1928-01-02
BE345853A (de)

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