US1735985A - Pulverizer - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 19, 1929. H WARING 1,735,985

PULVERI ZER Filed Sept. 6, 1927 Patented Nov. 19, 1929 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HORACE WARING, OF LIVERPOOL, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO ASSOCIATED LEAD 'MANU- FACTURERS LIMITED, OF LONDON, ENGLAND, A. BRITISH PULVERIZEB Application led September 0, 1927, Serial No. 217,842, and in Great Britain September 13, 1926.

This invention comprises improvements in or relating to pulverizers. The invention relates to pulverizers of the type in which a beater is rotated within a casing at a very high peripheral velocity exceeding 20,00()

feet per minute. Such pulverizers are sometimes known as rotary disintegrators.

The present invention comprises in a highspeed pulverizer the provision of an annular pulverizing zone bounded by xed internallyserrated walls and by moving walls which carry beaters extending into the pulverizing zone.

The pulverizer may comprise in combina tion a casing having an internal annular pulverizing zone therein, an inlet thereto, an outlet therefrom, fixed serrated plates which form a lining for said pulverizing zone, a rotating beater which comprises beater arms projecting into the said pulverizing zone and means to confine materlal undergoing pulverization within the limits of theV pulverizingl vvzone during the period in which it remains within the casing.

The means to confine material undergoing pulverization within the limits of the pulverizing zone may be constituted by the periphery of a circular boss from which the beater arms project. The construction of this boss as hereinafter described is a further feature of the present invention. v

Moreover a settling zone may be provided above the beater and in communication with the pulverizing zone, the outlet for pulverized material being located in the upper portion Iof the settling zone.

' The interior of the casing may be lined with disintegrating members disposed adjacent to the operative portions of the -beater and provided with cutting edges againstv which the material undergoing pulverization will be projected by the beater. The disintegrating members may comprise Xed plates having on the side adjacent to the rotary 4.5 beater sharp-edged serrations.

The rotating beater may comprise a boss and beater arms projecting therefrom which are bent forwardly in the direction of rotation to assist in projecting the material against the cutting edges, with or wlthout comprise in combination a boss concentrically mounted upon a shaft, a flange-plate secured .to the side of the boss, outwardly-extending grooves in the face of thc flange-plate or boss, or both, beater-arms the Shanks of which lie 1n the said grooves, means to draw the Hangeplate and boss together so as to clamp the beater-arms between them, and lateral projections from the Shanks of the beater-arms 1n co-operation with recesses in the boss or flange-plate for the purpose of holding the beater-arms firmly in position both aganist the action of centrifugal force and also tangential forces, while comprising a compact construction in which the resistance to rotation is concentrated at the beater-arms and not Wasted on useless projections elsewhere. Two flange-plates may be provided one on either side of the boss so that two sets of beater-arms are clamped to the boss. Not only is the boss so constructed capable of rotation without danger atvery high peripheral speeds but it is easily balanced. The bolts for drawing the flange-p1ate and boss together may be covered with cover-platesin order to reduce the air-resistance of the boss and to prevent the entry of material undergoing pulverization into the recesses provided for the bolts. v

A machine constructed as described possesses a considerable fan-action which tends to propel the material through it. If so desired this fan-action may be supplemented by connecting the outlet to the suction-pipe lof a suitable exhauster or fan. By such means it may be ensured that any leakage due to clearance between the rotating parts and casing is inwards rather than outwards and none of the pulverized material is lost or allowed to come into contact with the bearings of the machine.

An external jacket for the circulation of cooling iluidmay be provided around the casing of the pulverizer if desired.

In the accompanying drawing which shows one form of pulverizer in accordance with the invention Figure 1 is a side elevation with the left hand portion in section;v

Figure -2 is a section taken on line 2-2 of Figure 1; and

Figure 3 is a detail view of a portion o f a disiiitegrating member and the cooperating beater elements.

The pulverizer comprises a cylindrical casing having a horizontal axis. The casing is made in two parts, 11 and l2, divided horizontally and is provided with a coolingwater jacket 13 cast in the walls of the casing.

Upon one side of the casing a feed-chute 14 for the admission of material to be disintegrated is disposed. The direction of the chute 14, is tangential to the grinding chamber 15 within the casing 11-12, and it enters it at the side thereof. The top of the casing is extended upwardly to provide a settling zone 29 the top of which is open and provided with a flange 16 for connection to an exit ipe. About two-thirds of the periphery o the casing 11, 12, in the lower part, is lined with removable plates 17 constituting disintegrator members. These plates are internally serrated as shown at 18. The end walls of the casing are likewise lined with removable serrated plates 19. The shape of the serrations is that of a saw tooth. The length of the casing is comparatively short in relative to its diameter. In the upper portion, which is not lined with serrated disintegrating members, the peripheral .space or settling zone 29 is spanned across its lower part adjacent to the beater by a grating 20 of rectangular bars, the back of which opens into the settling zone.

i' 4Within this casing there is mounted to rotate a shaft 21 which carries four beaterarms 22. The beater-arms are made of forged steel, and their shanks are provided at their inner ends with lateral extensions. The shanks of the arms are clamped betweenv a central disc or boss 23 and two outer discs 24, 25 carried by the shaft and the lateral projections enter recesses in the central disc 23 and thus prevent the arms from flying outwards under the influence of centrifugal force. The faces of the boss are provi ed with outwardly extendingfgrooves 30 which receive the shanks of the beater arms 22. The discs are drawn together by bolts 26 the heads and nuts of which are recessed in the discs and covered by plates 27. The discs and plates are shown in the figures with parts broken away to allow the parts behind them to be seen. It will be noted that one pair of beater-arms pointing in opposite directions to. one another are clamped between the disc 23 and disc 24 and another pair, at rightangles to the rst pair are clamped on the other side of the disc 23 by the disc 25, so that the two pairs of arms rotate in dilferent planes. The tips of thearms 22 are bent forwardly in the direction of rotation as shown by the arrow Figure 1 and constitute cutting edges which face the serrations 18 and cooperate with them. The beater-arms 22 rotate within the serrations 18 with a small radial clearance and a slightly greater lateral clearance as shown.

It is found that a pulverizer thus con' structed is capable of dealing with and iinely comminuting both brittle and tough materials with remarkable success. The preferred peripheral speed is 34,000 feet per minute.

1. In a high-speed disintegrator the combination of a casing the peripheral portion of which constitutes a pulverizing zone, an inlet thereto, an outlet therefrom, internal impact-members within the casing in the pulverizing zone, a shaft which enters the casing, concentrically mounted clamping-plates along the shaft and beater-arms arranged in staggered relationship to one another around the shaft in balanced groups each of which groups occupies its own plane of rotation and is held rigidly therein between the faces of the clamping-plates.

2. A high-speed distintegrator as claimed in claim 1 wherein one of the clamping-plates constitutes a driving-boss rigidl secured upon the shaft and the remain er of the clamping-plates are symmetrically located on each side of the driving-boss.

3. A high-speed disintegrator as claimed in claim 1 wherein the end walls of the casing so closely approach the periphery of the concentrically mounted clamping-plates as to constitute therewith, and with the Vperiphery of the casing an annular pulverizing zone within which the material undergoing pulverization will be confined.

4. For a high-speed disintegrator a rotating beater comprising a boss concentrically mounted upon a shaft, a flange-plate secured to the side of the boss, outwardly extending grooves in the face of the boss, beater arms the shanks of which fit the said grooves, means to draw the flange-plate and boss together so as to clamp the beater arms immovably comprising bolts and nuts, the heads of the bolts and nuts being located in recesses in the side of the boss and enclosed by cover plates for the purpose described.

5. In a high-speed disintegrator, the combination of a rotatable beater-shaft, clamping-plates mounted thereon, beater-arms having shanks held rigidly between said clamping-plates and projecting outwardly therefrom, bolts for drawing the clamping-plates together, the heads of which are sunk in recesses in the plates, llush cover-plates overlying said recesses, a pulverizer casing of which the lower portion consists of a continuous wall to retain material to be pulverized within the casing, which wall lies close around the path of the beater-arms, internal impact-members upon the wall, a

peripheral outwardly directed outlet from the upper part of the witlra settling zone, and a casing in communication 1d of bars across the outlet from the casing elow the settling 5 zone, said bars being disposed transversely to the direction of movement of the beaterarms.

In testimony wh saA ereof I aiiix my signature. v 'HORACE WARING.-

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