US1734689A - Interior finish construction - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 5, 1929; R. v. PARSONS 1,734,689

INTERIdR FINISH CONSTRUCTION Filed Nov. 5. 1927 It v B D v jab-er o,

jiaynzoni 74 6035697361 Patented Nov. 1929 RAYMONDV. PARSONS, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIG-NOR TO JOHNS-MANVILLE COR- PORATION,'OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,

7 A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK INTERIOR FINISH CONSTRUCTION Application filed November 5, 1927. Serial No. 231,276.

My invention relates to buildingconstruc tion; particularly to interior-finish construction, consists in a new and improved mode of applying and sustaining the plaster finish, as to walls and ceilings, and has for objectsthe protection of such finish from checking or cracking, such as usually occurs when the structural supports settle unevenly, and the provision of wall or ceiling finish which shall be effective both for heat and sound insulation. j

By plasterffas the term is herein used, any originally plastic material, capable of being laid while plastic and setting to solid and rigid consistency, is included. The high degree of inherent strength and stiffness of all the plastering materials used in building construction may not generally be appreciated. The structural adjuncts employedin association with plaster, e. g. lathing, of wood, wire-mesh, or expanded metal, are not so much needed as permanent reinforcements as for means of suspension in proper place, of the sheet of plaster, which when hardened by setting is amply strong, mechanically, to sustain not only itself but considerable loads. I

In the majority of instances plaster is laid either directly. upon a structural support, such. as hollow tile or masonry, or upon a lathing rigidly secured toandthusforming part of the structuralsupp'ort itself. Almost,

if not quite, without exception, such structural supports are subject to progressive al terations in position, as when the building set tles, and such changes inevitably produce checks and cracks in therigid sheets of attached plaster. Plaster laid upon such. a support is subject to periodic changes by thermal expansion and contraction and the inevitable' differences between the plaster and the structural support, as measured by respective coefiicients of-expansion, tend to pro duce checks and cracks in the plaster.

My invention is diagrammatically illustrated inthe drawings hereto annexed, in which Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 each shows in cross section a portion of a structural support, a plaster facing, and the intermediate stratum which is a salient feature; and is characterized by the employment of a stratum of material which as a whole is yielding distortable internally mobile, and is attached to the structural support at one side and to the plaster facing atthe other. This stratum may be unitary or composite, its required physical characteristic is that it shall be capable of internal movement to a substantial extent in any direction parallel to its general surfaces without. rupture and without detachment either from the structural support or the plaster facing, and inherently strong enough to serve as asuspensivesupport for theattached plaster. The latter characteristic'enables it to hold the plaster facing in its proper relation to the structural support, the former enables it to absorb in its own yielding internally mobile and distortable body the settling or other, movements of the struc--. tural support and the thermal expansions and contractions of the plaster and the structural its structural support, it floats, so to speak, on a yielding distortable and supple material between itself and the structural support.

- The material ,whichI have found .best suited to the purpose, as a yielding medium support. The plaster facing is thus hung to Y of support, is wool felt or hair felt (:prefer- I ably the latter) which has been selfquilted .A- represents "the structural support, B the stratum of yielding material, such as hair felt, in thickness one-half or three-quartersof an inch;'C,a strong glue or cement, on which the felt is laid and which secures it adhesively and uniformly ,to the structural support; D the plaster facing, which, laid while plastic directly to the felt layer, intrudes into it,:as

indicated at E'.' The mechanical strength of the felt, its resistance to rupture under tene sion, is amply sufficient to sustain the weight of the plaster, evenwhen the surface finished -2' i i I 1,734,

therewith is a ceiling. When the plaster facing has set, its own inherent stiffness and strength come into service. Thereafter, any settling movements of the buildingstructure are accommodated by the felt support on which the plaster facing hangs or floats, as are likewise expansion or contraction of the plaster finish, and the plaster itself is thus guarded against cracking or checking; The 7 above described wall-finish has been tested as follows A needled or punched hair felt layer,

one-half inch thick was glued to ,a'wooden board-surface, built 7 without any diagonal bracing; to the felt layer a facing of plaster,

by 'aglue-layer C, and the plaster layer D, V

penetrating theopen-textured yielding' mate- ,rialat E, and'conforming to-the corrugated orundulating surfacethereof, hasits exposed surface finished flat, as usual.

By the mode of constructionfhere illustrated, the plastic layer is molded with parallel ribs D, which aiford structural stiffness ternally mobile reticular material and a facingof plaster, the said stratumof yielding reticular material secured to, the structuralsupport at one surface-and to the plaster'at the other by intrusionof the plaster into said position with relationto the former.

5. The combination with a structural support, of a stratum of yielding distortable, in 7 ternally mobile reticular naterial ,and a fac ing of plaster, thesaid stratum of yielding reticular material jadhesi'vely' secured to the structural support at one surface and to the plasterat theother b'y intrusion of the plaster into said stratum,- sustainingthe latter in its normal position with relation to the former.

6. The combination with-astructural support, of-a stratum of felted-distorta'ble, in-

ternally mobile fibrous-material and a facing of plaster, thesaid lfelted material-secured to thestructural support at one surface and to the plaster at the other, sustaining the latter in its normal position with relation'to the former.- V 7 Signed by me at New York" New Y0rk,this

second day of November, 192

f BAYMOND V. PARSONS.

' inhig'h degree to'the plaster'layer, Asin'the construction illustratedin Fig. l here-alsothe yielding material B performs its function as a medium of; securement andsuspens'ion for theplaster layer, and absorbs anydistor-tions of the structuralsupport A, thus preventing the transmission of stresses tothe stifi plasterlayerD,

I claim:

1'. The" combination f a structural support, a facing of'-pla'ster, and a connector of I l yielding{distortablainternallymobile chari acter between the structural support; and

,p laster facing. n. I 7

6-2. The co 'ibination-ofastructural support, stratum of yieldingdistortablejinternally mobile material, and-a facing of plaster, the i plaster-"facing supported by the said stratum 1 of yielding material and theflatter in turn 55? supported by-the structural support.

- The: combination -with a structural support, ofa stratum of yielding :distortable, internally mobilematerialand afacing of plas- J 7 ter, the said stratum of yielding material se- P so cured tothestructural supportat one sur- 1 face and to 1 the plaster at the other, sustain ing-the latter. in its normal position with-relation tothe'former. v

' 1-4. 'Thecombination with a structural support, of a stratum ofyieldingdistortable, in-' "Tim c V 0 stratum, susta nmg the latter 1n=,1t;s normal

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