US1727732A

US1727732A - Packing

Info

Publication number: US1727732A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1929-09-10
Anticipated expiration: 1946-09-10

Description

Sept. 10, 1929. J. M. RYAN 1,727,732

PACKING Filed Aug. 1, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet l Liz/77717162374270 Sept. 10, 1929. RYAN 1,727,732

PACKING Filed Aug.- 1, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 J. M RYAN PACKING Filed Aug. 1, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Sept. 10, 1929.

UNITED STATES JOHN M. RYAN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PACKING.

Application filed August 1, 192

This invention relates to improvements in packing for use in stalling boxes, couplings, and the like, for the purpose of making fluid tight joints between fixed or relatively mov- I able parts of machines and other devices. The principal object of the invention is to provide a new form of packing which may be more economically manufactured and more conveniently and ei'liciently used than i other forms of packing heretofore known.

A further object of the invention is to provide a metallic pacxing which may be used in any desired quantity to form a fluid tight joint", in a manner similar to the method of using non-metallic iiacking in the practice heretoiore known, but with greater elliciei A turtl er advantage of the packing of present invention that it provides an improved form of metallic packing which may be used without until all of it is Still another object of the invention is to provide improved method lining a metallic packing. Gther -bclate to various features of the method iproved packing material such as will appear more fully hereinafter.

The nature of the invention will be understood from the following specification t 'l en with the accompanying drawings in wl ch certain embodiments of the improved j and one method of forming it are set forth. In the drawings, Figure 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic perspective view showing one method of producing the strands or ribbon of packing material from a cylinder of ductile metal; Fig. 2 shows an ed perspective view of a section of ribbon-like packing material; Fig. 3 shows a side elevation of a section of the ribbon-like packing material arranged in the form or a helix; Fig. 4.- is a perspective view showingthe improved packing material in the form of a circular washer or gasket; Fig 5 shows a vertical section through a stuffing box or packing joint showing one use of the improved packing material to form a fluid-tight joint; Fig. 6 shows a vertical section through another stuffing box illustrat' another arrangement and use of the impro. .d packing material; Fig. 7 shows ted.

Serial No, 42,459.

a vertical section through another packing joint, illustrating another form and use of the improved packing material of this invention; Fig. 8 shows a vertical section through still another stufiing box, illustrating still another form and arrangement of the improved packing material; Fig. 9 shows a vertical section through another stuffing box illustrating the use of superimposed circular sections of the packing material in forming a fluid-tight joint; and Fig. 10 shows a top plan view of the packing material employed in the stuillng box illustrated in Fig. 9.

The impro ed metallic packing of the present invention is formed preferably of lead, or an alloy of lead and copper, or other metals or alloys having sufficient ductility to permit the packing to be pressed into compact form to produce a fluid-tight oint, and also to permit the convenient formation of the packing material from a body of metal. In forming the packing material by one method, which is now preferred, the metal or alloy, hereinafter referred to as the metal, is first melted and cast into the form of a cylinder 15, as shown in Fig. 1, and this cylinder is then mounted in the chuck 16 of a lathe 17, the chuck being supported by a spindle. journaled in a bearing 18 and the spindle being power-driven by a motor 19 or the like so that the cylinder is turned in the usual manner in lathe operation. As the cylinder turns, it is operated upon by a machine tool 20 mounted on a longitudinally adjustable support 21 and comprising a part 22 which is adjustable toward and from the axis of rotation of the cylinder 15 so that the cutting tool may be caused to operateas desired on any part of the cylinder of metal. T he packing material is preferably cut from the end of the cylinder 15, as shown in Fig. l, and, during the operation of the lathe which effects the rotation of the cylinder, the cutting tool 20 turns a strand or ribbon 24 from the cylinder. This strand or ribbon 24 may be comparatively thin and comparatively narrow, as shown in Fig. 1, but it is preferably formed as a relatively wide band or ribbon as illustrated in Figs. 2 and 8.

for example. Whatever form or shape be imparted to the strand or ribbon which is turned from the cylinder 15, it is preferably ductile and flexible so that it can be formed into the desired shape for packing purposes.

A sect-ion of the packing material formed as a fiat band or ribbon is shown in Fig. 2 where it will be seen that the width of the band is relatively large as compared with its thickness. A ribbon of the flexible and duetile material can be formed into a helix 26 as shown in Fig. 3. By suitably arranging the cutting tool and other parts of the lathe, the material can be turned from the block 15 in the form of the helix 26 and this helical form is particularly advantageous in that it permits the ready application of the packing material to a sti'ifiing box in which the packing material encircles a piston rod or other circular part. The flat band or ribbon Q5 of packing material may also be formed into a flat washer or gasket 27 as shown in Fig. 4, where the gasket is illustrated as comprising a number of turns of the ribbon which are arranged in circular form, the successive turns being superimposed upon each other so that the gasket may have any desired thickness. Upon placing this gasket between the parts of a joint in a pipe, steam press, or the like, the parts may be drawn together and the gasket will be sufficiently compressed to form a fluid-tight joint.

In Fig. 5 of the drawings there is illustrated the application of the invention in forming a fluid-tight joint in a well-known form of stufling box. This construction comprises the cylindrical stuffing box 30 which may be mounted on a plate 31, such as the end Wall of an engine cylinder, for example, the plate 31 being provided with an aperture 32 which is engaged by a packing gland 33. The gland 33 is provided with an internal chamber 34 for the reception of packing material designed to form a fluid-tight joint between the parts of the stuffing box and the relatively movable piston rod 35. The upper part of the wall of the chamber 34 is cylindrical as shown at 34 while the lower part thereof is inclined inwardly toward the bottom of the packing gland as shown at 34"., This packing chamber 34 is filled with packing material 36 made up of aplurality of superimposed layers of the ribbon-like ductile metal heretofore described. The uppermost layers of the packing material are engaged by a packing follower 37 having a part extending downwardly into. the chamber 34 and being provided at its upper part with an outwardly extending flange 37 adapted to be en gaged by a coil spring 38. This coil spring is engaged at itsupper end by a pressure plate 39 adjustably secured to the stuffing box 30 by means of lugs or bolts 40 which may be tightened in order to compress the spring 38 and cause the follower 37 to move downwardly and maintain the superimposed ribbons of the packing material 36 in tight contact with each other. The follower 37 is provided at its lower end with a downwardly extending annular lug 37 adapted to engage the uppermost and innermost layer of the packing material. As the follower 37 is forced and adjusted downwardly by the action of the spring 38 and the adjustment of the studs 40, the packing material is wedged inwardly by the inclined annular surface 34 so that it maintains at all times a close contact with the peripheral surface of the piston rod 35. The packing material 36 may be formed by placing a helix like that illustrated in Fig. 3 around the piston rod 35 and forcing it downwardly into the packing chamber 34 or a number of circular sections of the ribbon-like material may be placed one above the other. A limited amount of moisture may enter between adj acent layers of the ribbon-like packing material and serve to assist in forming a fluidtight joint.

Another arrangement and use of the improved packing material is illustrated in Fig. 6 in connection with a stuffing box having mounted therein a lower packing follower 46 of circular form arranged to oppose an upper packing follower 47 of circular form. The lower packing follower 46 rests on a coil spring 48 which is supported on the lower wall 45 of the stuffing box and all of these parts extend around a cylindrical piston rod 49. The lower follower 46 is provided with a depending annular flange 46 which extends around the upper part of the coil spring 48 and both of the followers 46 and 47 are provided on their adjacent sides with inclined wedging surfaces 46" and 47", respectively, which are adapted to cooperate with the inclined surfaces of the packing material 50 which, in this instance, is formed in two sections 50 and 50'. Each section of the packing material is formed of a number of superimposed layers of the ribbon-like ductile metal which are superimposed upon each other and which are arranged so that the successive layers have an inclination to a plane extending transversely to the axis of the piston rod 49. The outermost portions of the

sections

50 and 50 of the packing material contact with each other and the innermost edges of the sections contact with the wall of the piston rod. The upper follower 47 is provided with an inner annular section 47 a which engages the innermost upper surface of the upper section 50 The upper follower 47 is engaged by a pressure member 51 which is ad justably secured to the stuffing box 45 by means of studs or bolts 52 so that the pressure member 51 may be drawn downwardly to compress the spring 48 and maintain the lower follower 4:6 in position to exert a pressure on the packing 50 with the result that the superimposed ribbons of the packing material are compressed against each other and forced inwardly into contact with the surface of the piston red by the action of the inclined surfaces 46 and 47". After a portion of the packing material has become worn after continued use, a few additional layers of the ribbonelike packing material canbe put in place to replace that which has become worn so that all of the packing material within the packing joint may be used until it has been entirely consumed. This is an advantage which is inherent in all forms of the invention, regardless of the particular use to which the packing material is put.

In Fig. 7 of the drawings, there is illustrated in connection with a stufiing box and a piston rod 56, a modified form of the packing material in which the ribbon has a V-shaped or angular cross-section. In this construction, a number of layers of the V- shaped ribbon 57 are superimposed upon each other to form a body of packing material 57' adapted to be mounted in the packing chamber 58. The upper end of the packing chamber 58 is engaged by a follower 59 formed as a part of the pressure member 60 which is secured to the stufling box 55 by means of studs 61 so that, upon adjustment of the studs, the follower 59 may be forced downwardly into the packing chamber to engage the annular apex 57 of the packing material and force it downwardly. It will be observed that the pressure exerted on the annular apex 57 a will force the superimposed ribbons 56 upon each other and at the same time cause a lateral spreading of the packing material so that the inner edges of the ribbon-like material will be forced against the piston rod 56.

In Fig. 8 of the drawings there is illus trated another modified arrangement of the packing material in connection with a stuffing box 65 and a piston rod 66. The stuffing box has a packing chamber 67 which is filled by packing material of the present invention arranged in two annular sections 68 and 68, these sections being separated by an annular washer 69. Each of the sections 68 and 68 is made up of a plurality of superimposed ribbons of the packing material of the present invention but in this instance the ribbons are cut from the block of ductile metal by means of a cutting tool which imparts to them the cross-section of the letter W, shown inverted in Fig. 6 so that the apices 68 of the packing material are directed upwardly to be engaged by the washer 69 and by the follower 70 which is formed as a part of the pressure member 71. This pressure member is secured to the stuffing box by means of studs 72 so that pressure may be exerted on the annular sections of packing material to cause the superimposed ribbons to be pressed tightly against each other and also to spread outwardly due to their angular shape so that the inner edges will maintain a fluid-tight contact with the relatively movable piston rod 66.

InFigs. 9 and 10 of the drawings, there is illustrated another modified arrangement,

previously referred to, according to which the packing material is made up of a plurality of separate circular sections of ribbonhke material superimposed upon each other. In this construction, there is illustrated a stuffing box 7 5 adapted to form a fluid-tight oint abouta piston rod 76. The stufling box 75 1S provided with a cylindrical packing chamber 77 having mounted in the lower part thereof an annular filler 78 having an inclined wedging surface 78. The packing chamber 77 is partially occupied by a section of packing material 79 which is made up of a plurality of superimposed rings 80 of ribbon-like packing material formed according to the present invention. Each ring is of circular form and the ends of the ring are separated to provide a gap 81, as shown in 10, the gap 81 in the superimposed layers of the ribbon-like material being offset with respect to each other so that a continuous fluid-tight packing joint is formed. The uppermost layer of the ribbon-like material which forms the packing 79 is engaged by a follower 82 formed as a part of a pressure member 83, and this pressure member is adjustably secured to the stuffing box 75 by means of studs 84 so that the follower 82 may be forced downwardly to cause the superimposed rings of packing material to be forced downwardly over the inclined wedging surface 78 with the result that the packing material is maintained in close contact with the surface of the piston rod 76 as well as in contact with other parts of the stuffing box.

It willlbe observed that the packing mate rial of the present invent-ion may be applied conveniently and readily replaced, and that it is adapted to maintain a more perfect fluid joint than other materials heretofore known. Although Fig. 10 is intendedto illustrate particularly the arrangement of the layers of packing material which are used in the construction of Fig. 9, it will be understood that Fig. 10 may be considered as a plan view of the packing material employed in other arrangements of the invention and that a plurality of superimposed rings of the ribbon-like material which are-ilistinct from each other, as represented in Fig. 10, may be employed in connection with the arrangement of packing material illustrated in Figs. 5, 6, 7 and 8. In some instances, the superimposed rings of packing material which are separate from each other as indicated in F ig.

m to

ill)

l it.)

10 are adapted to accommodate themselves more perfectly to the surrounding parts of the stufling box than in the arrangement where the superimposed layers are formed as parts .of a continuous file of the ribbonlike material. The ribbon-like form of the packing material, particularly When formed as a helix, may be employed advantageously with materials other than metal.

Although one method of forming the packing material and several arrangements of the packing material for use in forming fluid-tight joints have been shown and described, it will be understood that the invention is not limited except as defined by the appended claims.

I claim:

1. The method of forming a metallic packing which consists in cutting a flexible flat ribbon of helical formation from a body of ductile metal.

2. The method of forming a metallic packing which consists in cutting a flexible flat ribbon from a body of metal, and compressing a plurality of superimposed regularly arranged layers of said ribbon to form a packing body.

3. The method of forming a metallic packing joint which consists in forming a body of ductible metal, rotating said body and cutting from the surface thereof a flexible flat ribbon of metal, placing said flexible ribbon in a cylindrical stuffing box with the edges of the ribbon engaging the cylindrical Walls of said stufling box, and compressing said flexible ribbon to form a fluid-tight Joint.

l. The method of forming a metallic packing joint which consists in forming a flexible 20 metallic ribbon from a body of ductible metal, placinga plurality of layers of said ribbon one above the other in a packing chamber to contact directly With each other on their flat surfaces, and applying pressure to said layers in said chamber to form a fluid-tight joint.

5. The method of forming a metallic packing joint which consists in forming a flexible ribbon of metal from a body of ductile metal, placing a plurality of layers of said ribbon in a packing chamber with said layers inclined to the surfaces engaged by the edges thereof, and applying pressure to force said edges against said surfaces and to compress said layers.

6. The method of forming a metallic packing joint Which consists in forming a flexible ribbon of metal having parts thereof relatively inclined transversely of the ribbon, placing a plurality of layers of said ribbon in a packing chamber, and applying pres sure to said layers of ribbon transversely thereof to cause a decrease in the relative in- .clination of parts of said ribbon and a consequent engagement of the edges of the layers with the surrounding surfaces.

7. A metallic packing comprising a relatively thin and Wide flexible flat ribbon of ductile metal arranged in the form of a ring and having its flat surfaces extending outwardly from the axis of said ring.

8. A metallic packing comprising a plurality of superimposed flexible flat ribbons of ductible metal arranged in a ring to con tact With each other on their flat surfaces and having said flat surfaces extending outwardly from the axis of the ring.

9. A metallic packing comprising a plurality of flexible ribbons of ductible metal formed in rings and superimposed upon each other to contact directly With each other on their flat surfaces and having said flat surfaces extending radially of the common axis of said rings.

10. A metallic packing comprising a relatively thin flexible ribbon of ductile metal coiled in the form of a helix with adjacent convolutions adapted to contact directly with each other.

11. A. metallic packing comprising a flat flexible ribbon of ductile metal arranged in the form of a continuous helix, the superimposed layers of ribbon extending edge- Wise to the longitudinal axis of the helix.

12. A metallic packing made up of a thin flexible ribbon of ductile metal having the form of a continuous helix, the superimposed layers of ribbon forming the helix being arranged With their surfaces oblique to the longitudinal axis of the helix.

13. A. metallic packing comprising a flat flexible ribbon of ductile metal arranged in the form of a continuous helix, the superimposed layers of ribbon extending edgeWise to the longitudinal axis of the helix, the superimposed layers of said ribbon contacting directly With each other.

14. The method of forming a packing joint Which consists in placing in a packing chamber having a relatively movable cylindrical part, a helical flat ribbon of ductile metal arranged around said part and having the superimposed layers of ribbon extending at an oblique angle to the surface of said movable part, then compressing said helical packing ring by applying pressure parallel to the axis of the helix.

JOHN M. RYAN.