US1727690A - File - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 10, 1929. 'E. A. ANHEUSER FILE Filed Jan. 24, 1927 A TTORNEY Patented Sept. 10, 1929.

UNITED STATES ERNEST A. AIMEE-USER, or MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

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Application filed January 24, 1927. 'Serial No. 163,260.

This invention relates to those abrasive tools classified as files or rasps, and particularly the class of files employed at finishing pressed metal forms which are later treated with a final. coat for attaining a highly glossed, or, perfectly smooth surface.

The objects of this invention are to provide an element used in smoothing out rough surfaces that may occur about welded or soldered joints thatunify sheet metal parts; the uneven surfaces of solid areas; the reduction of objectionable .portuberances, such as, bumps, pitted indentures, and extraneous deposits which disfigure those surfaces intended tohave the finish and smoothness of glass, be it flat, curved, or a combination of both; the eliminating of defective work occasioned by faulty equipment, irrespective of, and be yond the control of skilled labor; providing a means whereby, skilled labor of a lower grade can function with greater accuracy, thereby economically producing a greater volume of work in a time period that was heretofore required toproduce a lesser vol- .ume with labor of the expert grade in skill;

the devising of means whereby a common stock article of manufacture is employed for attaining an abrasive element that formerly required a particular and uncommon form of stock as a base for gaining ahan'd operated tool; the providing of an abrasive tool having compound arcuately fashioned teeth crossing an originally flat bar to present a convex surface along a toothed face whlch may be on the opposite sides of the bar as well; providing afl'eXible tool adapted for attaching same to a determinedly curved holder or handle means that avoids the obje ctionable ocurrence attending the-bending of a flat element which assumes form wherein the longitudinal medial area is lower than are the edgesof said area, leaving the edges aforesaid inclined to inordinately and unavoidedly dig into a metal surface to an 3 excess that is admitted to be slightly inex cess, but sufficient to roll up metal that in turn forms a toothitself which scores the sur-' face noticeably, If the adjacent surface is not shaved down to the depth of the objectionable score, the defect becomes glaring when the workiSbrought to its finally polished stage; again, if the surface is not reduced to the scored level in an expertlyworked fashion, the whole spot, clumsily treated, becomes a defect that forces a rejection of the work itself and an appreciable loss inlabor consequent thereto. The variance of the convexity from a fiat plane in this regard, is not above several thousandths of an inch; however,

this rise will insure against any possibility of a concave condition being present in a tool of this class. A method and means for manue facturing, to gain the aspects here set forth, are disclosed in my co-pending application,

filed January 6th,. 1927, Serial Number 159,305, 1,710,466. Other advantages will be remarked in the particular description and pointed out in the. appended claims; also, illustrated inthe several figures seen in the'drawing, 'alllof now U. S. Letters Patent No.

which form part of this application. I

The viewschosento set forth this invention are: i

.Fig. 1 is a view showing the adaptation this kind of file. I i I Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary plan view.

Fig. 3 is an edge view of Fig. 2.

Fig.4.is an e larged section on line 44 800 ofFig22." Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic View of an opposit-e objectionable condition.

Similar characters of reference applycorrespondingly throughoutthe illustrations.

An automobile body B, or'a like structure is constructed of sheet metal parts,'sometime steel, but largely aluminum; the partsare joined together by. brazing, soldering, or'

riveting; these jointures leave: rou'gh surfaces that must be smoothed down by some quick method that will leave the metallic surfaces as smooth and as-accurately contoured asare the gently curved bodies made offilled Woodwork andsmoothed by a rubbing process that employs pumice stone. However, this non-scoring productis lnelfectiveflon' metal which .must be finished with a steel harder thanitself. Hand tools of the file or rasp variety are used for this work by skilled 1 and rapid artisans, on whose adeptness de pends the faultless quality demanded, and

the numerical volume necessary, to keep this The file, or, rasp R is made from fiat bar stock which is rectangular in cross section.

poses its chord parallel to and above the trans- The formed or cut baris severed into required lengths that,1n many instances, are

attached to a fixedly bent handle H, although the files frequently enough have, tangs for receiving the customary well-known wooden grip. Fig. 1 shows an application of the tool in'work necessary on auto'bodiesor any similar structure where the jointsare quickly madeand consequently left in a roughened state to be filed smooth, as are any other de-' fects that depart from a rigidly accurate curvature absolutely essential to gaining a perfect finality;

partially milled file surface T provided with arcuate parallel teeth that offer a cutting edge'lwhichforms an arc ofa circle across the horizontal face of the bar, whose center is along the longitudinal line m of the said bar. The teeth are undercut as indicated by the dotted line 2, but the said teeth may be serviceable without undercuttingin some classes of Work, and, further, the teeth may also bearcuately formed horizontally from centers along a non-medial line m, when varying uses demand this preference; the latter form is shown dotted in Fig. '2radially along theline m, The transverse cross section of the rectangularbar is changed, in milling, to where its fiat face assumes a convex form which' is of asegmentary shapethat-disverse medial line of the bars thickness'where- 0n the teeth T occur, this change gives a crowned surface to the complement ofteeth, somewhat'exaggerated in the saidxfigure, but existing nevertheless to an extent whereby a reverse, or concave, condition cannot possibly present itself. The vertical segmentary formation will, of'course, follow the horizontal course of the teeth, and the chordal line will be understood as following the arcuate direction of said teethin order to complete a segment where the generating line iscentral as per m, or, incomplete where M/IS the gen- K erating line. The manual action, present in usingtools of this sortis a swaying movement that rocks the files transversely, which rock ing hasatendency to gouge in the edges of a face is concave. This contingency requires that fiat or concave files be reduced along their longitudinal edges by some method that will rock; a sufiicient reason for the prevalent custom wherein theconcave surfaced files are sand-blasted along their edges in an effort to cut down this objected-to characteristic, the

mentioned process being an indefinite method of curing a recognized defect in files of the sort referred to. ing, in many instances, leaves irregular edges that are objectionable but which are not easily detected'until the surfaces worked upon betrays them; besides this, the process is an unreliable method for grinding evenly, as such a processshould be in conditions ofthis ,kind. The present invention eliminates the serious objectionsin offering a convex surface whereby a dangerous edge cannot prevail, and where the approximating process of sand blasting does not have to be employed for leveling the files surface.

Fig. 4 indicates, by dotted line, how both faces of the bar may be toothed.

Fig. 5 is diagrammatically enlarged to r j where the granular particles P crowd towards Fig. 2 isa-planview of the bar It having a efiicie ncy and inducing a rocking of the tool in order to get a cutting result, which invites an edge out thatwill produce an uglyscore. The entrappedparticles, being of varying sizes, are rolled up along the surfaces under the files concavity'a'nd these particles act as abrasive elements themselves which cannot be considered or reckoned with as can a positive d. gularly shaped tooth formation.

All irregular scores, scratches, and the like,

'must' be eradicated later and the additional labor is a consideration that cannot be tolerate'd, ,beca use of the time loss involved to the manufacturer, and, because of the wage re-' duction to the employee,-who is operating upon a piece-workbasis' subject to a scrutinizing inspection which rejects work done on,

- hardly noticeable, blemishes.

Having described my invention what is. claimed and desired to protect by Letters Pat- 1'. A file; formed of fiatrectangular and posed arcuately convex in the horizontal plane, and arcuately convex in the vertically transverse plane of the-bar aforesaid, said teeth cut to offer a greater depth at the edges than at the center of the bar aforesaid.

2. A file formed of fiat rectangular and flexible bar stock having, transverseteeth disposed arcuately convex in a horizontal plane,

and arcuately convex in a vertically trans- I I v verse plane ofthe. bar aforesaid, said teeth file when fiat faced, and more so if the sur flexible bar stock having, transverse teeth dismilled to offer uniform cutting edges that are tangent to the top plane of the bar and conve'xly curved'to terminate below the point of tangency at the side edges of the bars width.

signature.

ERNEST A. ANHEUSER.

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