US1723479A - Aeroplane - Google Patents

Description

AugE (i, 1929. J. F. GooDRrcH AEROPLANE Filed June 2, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet,

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kfbodr INVENTOR ATTORNEY HN c/ WrTNEss:

Aug. 6, 1929. 4 J. F. GoonRlcH 1,723,479

AEROPLANE Filed June 2, 1928 2 sneerssheen 2 INVENTCR ATTORNEY WITNESS: f/

Patented `Aug. 6, 192.9.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEYH GDGDRICH, OF-EVEIQETT, WASHINGTON.

, Anno'iLANn Application mea :une 2, 192s. seiiailiwo. 282,374.

Amum amount of' power and maximum stability and can take olf andland. in a small area. y

' Another object of the invention is to provide means whereby the plane can be easily controlled and the danger of tail spins and nose dives is practically eliminated. v

This invention also consists in certain other features of construction and in the combination and arrangement of the several parts, to be hereinafter .fully described, illustrated in the' accompanying drawings and specifically pointed out in the appended claims.4 y -0 In describinginy invention in detail, reference will b e had to the vaccompanying drawings wherein like characters denote like or correspondingparts throughout the several views, and in which Figure 1 isa plan view. lof the improved aeroplane. y I

Figure 2 is a longitudinal seetionalview.

Figure 3 is a section on line 3.,3 of Figure 1. f

Figure Figure 2. A Figure Figure 1. Y

Inthese views, A

.4i is a section on line 4.-'4of 5 is a section on line 5'-.5 of

usual Wings 1 and thek vertical rudder 2 and the landing gear 3. The fuselage is of the usual tubular formation and tapers from its nose to its tail, with the lower part'of the forward portion of the fuselage cut away and the upper portion of the forward part having anarched bottom, as shown at 4. This upper forward portion is divided into chambers in one of which is placed the' motor 5 and the rear one of `which vforms a compartment for the pilot and other occupants of the plane. This com artinent is separated from the rear part of t e fuselage by a partition G. By cutting away the lower portion of the forward part of the fuselage, an opening 7 is formed at the front of the roar part of the fuselage through which air can enter.

'y The usual propeller 8 is'connected with the motor shaft which extends through the nose ofthe fuselage and said shaft is provided with a lear extension 9 which projects indicates the fuselage ofthe aeroplane which i-s provided withthe i wardl throught-he partition 6 and a second propeller 10 is fastened to this projecting part and is arranged inthe front part of the rear portion of the fuselage so that it will be i contacted by the air entering the opening 7 This propeller has itsbladesof greatenpitch than the blades ofthe propeller 8. The tail of the fuselage is formed with an opening 11 for the escape of the air passing into the rear part through the opening 7 and the rudder 'i 2 intersects this opening.

The stabilizers 12 are of hollow construction land extend upwardly and outwardly from the rear part of the fuselage withtheir rear ends located an appreciable .distance from the 'rear end of the fuselage. As shown,

these stabilizers are connected with.. the

fuselage adjacent vthe top thereof and their outer edges extend at an angle outwardly toward the tail of the fuselage. The stabilizers are in communication with the interior .0f the rear vpai't of the fuselage vthrough means of the slots 13 and the rear ends of the stabilizers are open so thatsoine ofthe air entering the fuselage through the opening 7 ywill pass out of these slots or openings into the stabilizers and will pass from the stabi and lower walls of the stabilizers, as clearly -shown in Figure 5.l A vertically arranged lever 16 is pivoted to each side of the fuselage adjacent the .rear endof each stabilizer andan eye member 17 is connected with each end of each lever. An arm 18 is connected with each Vhinge pin of each elevator, the arm of each upper elevator extending upand the aim of each lower elevator exten ing downwardly, the armsl passing through the eye membersl so that as lthe levers are rocked, the elevators of each pair will be moved in unison, as shown in dotted lines in Figure 5. During this movement, the arms Will slide through the eye members. The control wires 19 which are connected with the levers pass through holes in the fuselage and through tubes 20 within the fuselage to the pilots compartment, where they are connected with the usual control stick 21. The control wires 22 of the rudder 2 are also guided by the tubes placed withinv the fuselage.

. From the foregoing it.w1ll be seen that thel air passing rearwardly from the front'propeller will pass under the arch 4 into the opening 7 where itis engaged by the propeller 10 and then the air will pass through the tunnel formed by the rearpart rof the fuselage, some o f th1s air escaping through. the opening 11 and some through the openings i. 13'and through the stabilizers. This air, actpropellerl 8 so that the craft can bevery.

easily controlled. The air passing under the arch 4 will also give the. craft greatv stability and facilitate the-landing and take-off of the-craft so that the craft can take otl' and land in a small area and this-arched part also works in conjunction with the rudderv and elevators to make the craft easily c'ontrollable as the air passing thereunder will have a lifting force and this force, together with the stabi1izers,will act to keep the craft o n an even keel and practically eliminate tail spins and nose dives. v

The second propeller 10, havineF a greater pitchthan the front propeller and being en- '.closed in the tunnel-like partof the fuselage,

will greatly accelerate the -speed of thecraft without increased power, and the air escaping from the rear ofthe fuselage will dis' sipate the vacuum usually formed at'the rearI of an aircraft and thus the'retarding action of such vacuum ywill be eliminated. The

arched front portion -f the fuselage also acts to prevent back pressure against the front propeller. The arched part of the fuselage permits the air to enter 'the rear part thereof and the air passing under the-arch has a, lifting power that will make the plane more stable and this lifting power wlll make it possible for the plane to take the air in about i one-half the distance necessary for planes as now constructed. If the engine should stall, thev air will rushunder the arch and through the rear tunnel-like part, thus causing a pressure on the elevators that will make a 'nose dive practicall impossible.. The craft can be landed wit the motorl -c'ut off. and the craft elevated in front as the force of the air on the arch will enable the-craft to land after avshort run. The double elevators will greatly increase the force of control and the air passing through the`tunnelshaped part will 'act on the' lower part of the rudder so that the craft will respond quickly to said rudder. As will be seen, the stabilizers serve two purposesv as the act to stabilize the craft and to convey t 1e air to the elevators and rudder.

It is thought from the foregoing descripytion that the advantages and novel features of my invention will be readily apparent.

It is'to be understood that I may make changes in the construct-ion and in the combination and larrangement of the several parts, provided that such changes fall within the scope ofthe'appended claims.

What I claim is 1. An aeroplane having a fuselage formed with a front portion provided with an archshaped bottom and a rear portion of circular shape with its lower front p`a`rt' open to receive air passing under the archedpart, a propeller at the front end of the fuselage, a propeller in the front gnd of the circular lpa'rt, means for driving the propellers, the rearpropeller actingon the air entering lhe circular part, the rear end of the fuselage being open for the escape of the air and horizontal and vertical rudders connected with the real-part of the fuselage, the vertical rudderintersecting the open rear end of the fuselage. y

2. An aeroplane having a fuselage formed with a front portion provided with an archp shaped bottom and a rear portion of circular shape with its lower front part open to receive air passing under the arched parl', a vpropeller at the front end of the fuselage, a propeller in the front end of the circular part, means for driving the propcllcrs, the rear propeller acting on the air entering the circular part, the rear end of the fuselage being open for the escape of thc air, horizontal andwertical rudders connected with the rearpart of the fuselage, the vertical rudder intersecting 4the open rear end of the fuselage and stabilizers of hollow construction extending upwardly and outwardly from the rear part of the fuselage with their interiors in communication with theintcrior of the fuselage'whercby some of the air passing through the fuselage will pass through the. stabilizers and act on the -yertical and horizontal rudders.

3. An`aeroplane having a fuselage. formed with a front portion provided with an archshaped bottom and a rear portion of circular shape with its lower front part open to receive air passing under the arched part, a propeller at the front end of the fuselage, a propellerat the front end of the circular part,-m eans for driving the propellers, the rear propeller acting on the air entering the circular part, the rear end of the fuselage being open for the esca e of the air, horizontaland vertical rud ers 4connected with the. rear part of the fuselage, the vertical rudder intersecting the open rear end of the fuselage and stabilizers of hollowsconstruction extending upwardly and outwardly maarre 4from the .rear part of the fuselage lwiththeir interiors in communication with the interior of lthe fuselage-whereby some of the air passing throuvh the fuselage will pass through the stabilizers and act on the vertical and horizontal rudders,', the -horizontal rudders or elevators :being arrangedin pairs adjacent the open rear ends^of-the stabilizers, each pair of elevators" forming continuations of the upper and lower walls -o f each stabilizer when the elevators areiny horizontal position. Y

4. An'aeroplane having a fuselage formed with a front portion provided withvan arch-l shaped bottom and a rear portion .of circular shape with its lower front part open to re ceive air passingunder the arched part, a propeller-at the front end ofthe fuselage, a propeller at the front end of the circular part, means for driving the Propellers, the

.rear propeller. acting on the air entering the circular part',th.e`` rear end of the fuselage being open for the, escape ofthe air, vhorizontal and vertical rudders connected with the rear part of the fuselage, ythe vertical rudder intersecting the open rear end of fthe fuselage and stabilizers of hollow construction extending upwardly and out-` wardly from the rear part of the fuselagev with their interiors in' communication with the interior of the fuselage whereby some of the air passing through the fuselage will pass through the stabilizers and act on the vertical and horizontal rudders, the horif zontal rudders or elevators being arranged in airs adjacent the open rear ends ofthe sta ilizers, each-'pair of elevators forming continuations of the upper and lower walls' of each stabilizer when the elevators are in horizontal position and meansl for actuat-l ing the elevators of each 4pair in unison.

5. Anaeroplane having a fuselage formed with a front portion provided with an archshaped bottom and a .rear portion of circular -shape with its lower front part open to receive -air passing under the arched art, a propeller at the front end of the fuse age,

a propeller at the front end of the circular part,l means for driving the Propellers, the rear propeller vacting "on the airentering the circular part, the rear end of the fuselage being openfor the esca e of the air, hori' zontal and vertical rud ers connected with the rear partof the fuselage, the vertical rudder intersecting the open rea'end of the fuselage and` stabilizers of hollow construction extending u wardly and outwardly from the rear part or the fuselage with their in- Vthrong of the fuselage whereb o some of the air passin through the uselage will pass teriors in` communicationfwith the interior I the stabilizers and act on the vertical and horizontal rudders, the horizontal rudders or elevators being arranged in pairsV ad]acent the open vrear ends o the stabilizers, each pair of elevators, forming continuations of' the upper and lower,V

walls of each stabilizer when the eleva# tors are in horizontal position, means for actuating the elevators of each pair in lunision, such means comprising a lever piv- L oted intermediate its ends to a part of the' craft, arms connected with the pivotal means of the elevators and extending parallel with each lever and means Ifor slidably connecting Vthe arms with the levers. p

6. l An aeroplane having a fuselage formedV with a front portion provided with an archshapedl bottomwand a rear'v ortion of,l cir lcular shape with -its lower ont part open to receive air passing under the arched art, a propeller *at the front end of thefuse age,

a propeller at `the front end ofl thecircular part, means for driving the. propellers, the rear ropeller acting on the air entering the circu ar part, the rear end ofthe fuselage being open for the esca e of the air, horizontal and vertical' rud ers connected with, .the rear part of the fuselage, the verti- .cal ruddervintersecting'the open rear end of the Afuselage "and stabilizers of hollow construction extending upwardl and outwardly from the rear part of t e fuselage with` theirv interiors in communication with the interior of the fuselage wherebysome ofthe air passingv through the fuselagel will pass through the stabilizer'said act on the vertical and horizontal rudders, 4the hoi-i# zontal rudders or elevators being arrangedin airs adjacent the open rear. ends of the sfta ilizers, each parlofelevators forming continuations of the upper and lower walls of-each stabilizer'when the elevators are in horizontal position, means for actuating the elevators o each pair in unison, suchv means comprising a lever pivoted intermediate its ends to a;A artof the craft, arms connected with the pivotal means of-theelevators and

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