US1721087A - Nail expansion - Google Patents

Description

J ly 16, 19 H. w. PLEISTER ET AL 21,721,087

NAIL EXPANSION Filed April 2'7, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 wig/g Y Wm).

J y 1929. H. w. PLEISTER' ET AL NAIL EXPANSION Filed April 27 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN E OR BY W ATTORNEY Patented July 16, 1929.

' UNITED STATES 1,721,087: PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY W. PLEISTER, F WESTFIELD, AND JOHN KARITZKY, OF GARWOOD, NEW

JERSEY, ASSIGNORS, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO HENRY B. NEWHALL CORPORA- TION, 0F GAIRWOOD, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

- NAIL EXPANSION.

Application mes April 2?,

Our invention relates "to nail fasteners formed from strips of sheet metal, of the proper length, to form a shield, bent back upon themselves and havin their ends bent at an angle to form a head for the shield.

Our invention relates more particularly to theshield, whereby the head of the shield is strengthened. This strengthening may be done in various ways. In the drawings we show one way of carrying out our invention wherein the head of the shield is prevented from being drawn, orbroken, where it oins the body of the shield. Other aspects of our invention cover the method and the article whereby the integral head of the shield is protected and guarded by a supplemental or auxiliary head, which will prevent the swag ing or malforn'iation of the head due to blows of a. hammer upon the nail.

Still other aspects of our invention cover the feature of manufacturing the shield so that it will not substantially expand at the outer end thereby insuring that the surface of the support will not be spalled. Other features of our invention will be more fully pointed out in the specification and set forth in the claims.

Our invention further relates to certain methods, articles of ,n'ianufacture, combinations and sub-con'ibinations and details of construction, all of which will be more fully hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims. i

in the drawings we have shown different en'ibodin'ients of our invention, but it is, of course,to be understood that our invention is not to be confined to these particular en1- bodiments Sl'lOWIl by way of illustration.

Fig. 1 is a plan view of our shield and nail. showing the manner of attaching the supplemental or auxiliary head Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the'line 2-2 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows; the nail being omitted;

Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line 83 of Fig. 2;

Fig. t is a vertical section through a support and hardware, or other work supported, showing the nail being driven home;

Fig. 5 is a section showing the nail entirely driven into the shield;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of one form of supplemental head; i

1927. Serial No. 186,907.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the complete shield, or anchor, showing the flanges of the supplemental head crimped to hold it in its proper position on the shield;

Fig. 8 is a face'view of Fig. 7

F ig. 9 is a perspective view of a modified form of supplemental head;

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of another modified form of supplemental head Fig. 11 is a perspective view of still another form of supplemental head.

It has been found in practice that where the shield is formed of some relatively soft material, such as ductile metal, which may be Zinc, lead oran alloy or other similar material, that the failure of the shield is dependent upon the strength of the head. That is, in elaborate breaking tests which have been made,a certain excessive pressure applied to the work or hardware will cause the shield to fail by rupturing the head, either by shearing it off, or by causing the metal to be drawn through the hole in the hardware or work supported, or partially drawn, and

then broken. This applies tothe larger sizes of shields. In the smaller sizes the margin of safety is solarge that a supplemental head is not necessary. It is found also, that where a large shield is formed of ductile material, as for example, zinc or similar material, that blows of a hammer upon the head of the co operating nail tend to swage, thin out, and

inalfornitlie head of the large shield and thereby weaken it,-leading to its possible failure under an excessive load.

We have invented a nail expansion shield which, under actual tests, has increased the holdiiig power some fifty percent (50%) over .a similar shield not manufactured in accordance with our 1nvention. Our inven- 'tion particularly applies to relatively large shields, though it can, of course, be used with any size shield. with the smaller shields it is not necessary to employ a supplemental head, as previously pointed out. V

In the drawings we have simply shown different embodiments. of our invention but it is to be strictly understood that our invention is not to be confined to the forms shown.

The shield may be formed from any suitab le'form of sheet metal, as, forexample, a relatively hard metal as thin soft steel; or it may be formed fromsheet metal of relatively Cir soft material, as, for example, ductile materi'al, which may be zinc, lead, alloy or similar material. Preferably, we form our shields or anchors from relatively soft or ductile material as zinc. By taking a strip of the metal of the required length, bending it midway of its length to form the two sides 11, Fig. 2, the center of the blank being preferably provided with a slot 2. The very ends of the blank are. bent up at right angles to the side 11 to form the head members 33, two such members forming the head of the shield or anchor 4.

A support 5 of any suitable material is provided with a hole 6 usually by drilling. The diameter of this hole should be such as to permit the shield or anchor 1 to pass freely into it after passing freely through the hole 7 in the hardware or other work 8.

In the old form of shield the head memhers of the shield rested against the face 10 of the hardware or other work 8. It will be clear that in this old form (not illustrated in the drawing), blows on the head 11 of the nail 9 by a hammer or, other instru ment, would be transmitted to the head 38 of the anchor, and tend to swage or deform it, particularly if the material of the anchor was Zinc or other ductile material. This would tend to weaken the bends 12-12 where the integral head members 3-3, join the side members 1-1. In the small sizes the factor of safety is so great that this is immaterial. In the large sizes, we prevent this action by our supplemental head. It will also be apparent that in such an old form, (not shown), excessive weight or pressure upon the hardware 8 or other work, would be transmitted directly to the head member 3-3 and, if these members are of ductile material, or relatively soft, a drawing action would result in the large shields, whereby there would be a tendency for the head members 3-3 to be drawn and flatten out, leading, under excessive pressure, to the members 3'-3 breaking in such large shields.

By our invention we provide the shield or anchor 4 with a supplemental head 13. For

example, when the shield or anchor 4 is formed from a sheet or strip of relatlvely soft metal, as for example, ZlIlC, lead, alloy or similar material, the supplemental head 13 will be formed of hard metal, as for eX- ample, steel. This supplemental head is so shaped as to not only strengthen the head of the shield but also to protect and guard the integral head formed by the head members 33 of the shield. This may be done in various ways. I have shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, at, 5, 6, 7 and 8, the head member formed from stamped sheet steel 13 provided with the flanges 14-14 and with a hole 15. This hole 15 is of a diameter to permit the cylindrical shield 4 to pass freely through it, the ductile head members 3-3 being received in the trough 16 of the sup plemental head formed by the flanges lab-14. These flanges, 141 l, are preferably of the same height as the thickness of the head members 33. This insures that when the nail 9is driven in through the shield 4: the head 11 of the nail will. engage with the flanges 141el, and protect the ductile head members 3-3 of the shield and prevent them from. being swaged or malformed. Blows on the head of the nail will be transmitted by the hard supplemental head 13 to the work 8.

It will further be noted that our supplemental head 13 not only protects the ductile head 33 of the shield, but due to the fact that the hole 15 is of a diameter ust suflicient to freely permit the supplemental head to he slipped on over the shield, it will prevent any substantial expansion of the outerend of the shield, adjacent the surface 17 of the support- 5, so that there will be no spelling of that surface around or adjacent the hole.

The supplemental heads may be secured on the shield in any suitable manner. \Ve have shown one way in Figs. 7 and 8 wherein the flanges Eli-14 are crimped at 18- 18 which will lock them in position.

Various forms of supplemental heads may be employed. lVe have shown, for example, in Fig. 9 a modification in which the supplemental head 19 is formed from sheet metal, preferably steel, its sides 202O being crimped over so as to form, in effect, flanges and a trough 21 for the reception of the ductile head members 3-8. I

In Fig. 10 we have illustrated another modification, in which the supplemental head is formed from pressed steel, provided with a central aperture 15, and with two shelves 23-23 forming between them a trough 24, for the reception of the ductile head members 3-3.

In Fig. 11 we have illustrated another modification, wherein the disc 25 is cut away or provided with a wide slot 26, the slot forming a trough for the reception of the head memhers 3-3.

It is found in practice that our shield is not only much stronger than similar shields not manufactured in accordance with our invention, but they can readily be removed from the hole 6 by simply withdrawing the nail 9, and then, by any suitable tool, as for example, the claw of a hammer placed under the hardware or work 8, can be removed as a single unit, without damaging the hole or spalling.

the surface 17 of the support 5. This permits differenthardware to be supported by the same shield mounted in the same hole.

Having thus described our invention, in connection with different illustrative embodiments thereof, the details of whichwe do not desire to be limited, what is claimed as new and what is desired to secure by Letters Patcut is set forth in the appended claims.

What we claim is 1. A new article of manufacture comprising a percussion expansion shield provided with an integral and a supplemental head, the

5 supplen'iental head. being provided with means to guard and protect the integral head from blows of a hammer or other percussion expanding tool.

2. A new article of manufacture comprising a sheet metal percussion expansion shield provided with an integral and a supplemental head, the supplemental head being formed of harder metal than the integral head and provided with means to guard and protect the integral head from blows of a hammer or other percussion expanding tool.

3. A new article of manufacture comprising a sheet metal percussion expansion shield head, the'supplemental head being formed of harder metal than the integral head, the integral head being mounted in the supplemental head, said supplemental head adapted to protect the integral head from blows of a hammer or other percussion expanding tool.

4. A new article of manufacture comprising a ductile expansion shield having two integral head members forming a head for the shield, and a supplemental sheet metal head of: relatively hard metal having flanges of approximately the thickness of the two integral ductile members mounted on the shield and protecting the ductile head members of the shield, and means to hold the supplemental head in position on the ductile shield.

HENRY V. PLEISTER. JOHN KARITZKY.

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