US1719562A - Engine - Google Patents

Description

Julyz, 1929. f ASMA ETAL 1,719,562

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ENGINE Filed March 19, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 GX u) gf/mentors l Adriano Sala @Hanau Giovanni Rinald Patented July 2, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANDRIANO SALA AND GIOVANNI RINALDI, OF SOUTH PLAINFIELD, NEW JERSEY.

ENGINE.

Application filed March 19, 1928. Serial No. 262,906.

lThe present invention relates generally to engines either of the internal combustion type or steam type and has for its primaryob'ject to provide a reciprocating piston on the well known type of Horsfall shaft, that is a shaft having a pair of spiral grooves formed therein, said grooves being spiralled in opposite directions and a piston reciprocatable along the shaft and havingl means to cause the shaft to rotate in but a single direction.

Another very important object of the invention resides in the provision'of an engine of this nature having a highly novel piston structure.

A still further very important object of the invention resides in the provision of va piston on a double spirally grooved vshaft and ball bearing means disposed between the 'piston and the shaft for causing the constant rotation of the shaft.

Another very important object of the in-v vention resides in the provision of a unit of this nature having spring buffers at the ends of the piston about the shaft to assist the rpiston in its change of direction when reciprocating back and forth.

Another important object of the invention resides in the provision of an internal combustion engine of the tractor type, of the unit mentioned above in combination with a compressor operatively connected in a novel manner with the piston for operation thereb yA still further very important object of the invention resided in the provision of an engine which attains the maximum of power by doing away with connecting rods, crank shafts, and other parts Vused in engines now in common use. v

A still further very important object of the invention resides in the provision of an engine of' this type which is comparatively simple in its construction, compact and con-. vonient in its arrangement of parts, strong and durable, thoroughly eflicient and reliable in operation, easy to assemble and disassemble, not likely to easily become out of order, and otherwise well adapted to the purpose for which it is designed,

lith the above and numerous other objects in view as will appear as the description proceeds, the invention resides in certain novel features of construction, in the vcombination and arrangement lof parts as combustion engine of the two cycle type em! bodying the features of this invention, Y Figures 2 and 3 are end elevations thereof,

Figure 4 is a fragmentary horizontalsection therethrough,

Figure 5 is a longitudinal vertical section therethrough, Figure G is a side elevation of the pistons showing portions in section,

Figure 7 is atransverse section, and vFigure S'is a detail section through our driving member to shown the conventional pawl and rachet mechanism.

Referring to the'drawings in detail it will i' be seen that the numeral 5 denotes a cylinder having a fixed head 6 at'one end and a removable head 7 atthe other end, the cylinder and head .being jacketed as at8 for the circulation of water to function as a cooling medium. A double spirally grooved shaft 9 has one end journalled in the center of the head 6 as at 10 and the other end journaled through the center of the head 7 as at 11 and is provided with a plane extension r12 having a gear 14; thereon for cranking purposes by any suitable or preferred means. A piston P is mounted for reciprocation on the 'shaftl 9 within the cylinder. This piston comprises a pairof hollowsections 15 and 16 having respectively flanges 17 and 18` threadedly engaged the former over the latter. Bearings 19 arein the sections 15 and 16 and have ball bearings 20 therein for receiving 'driving'membe'rs 21 `21 having ribs 22 cooperat-y ing with the spiral groove of the shaft 9.

The drivingmember -21 is free to rotate in one direction only, and the other member'Zl being free to rotate in the' other direction only, because of conventional pawl and ratchet means 20 (see Fig. 8) so that as they piston P 'reciprocates back and forth in the cylinder the shaft 9 will be driven constantly in but a single direction.

A cylinder 23 is secured in any suitable manner such as at 2dr-'to the head 6 and has a head 26 at the end remote from the head 6. A )iston 27 reci rocates back and forth in the cy inder 23,' lands r2.8 are. fixed te the piston 27 i which continues to rotate, but the action of the piston 27 is delayed.

Bumper springs 33 are disposed about the shaft 9 one at each end of the piston P. A carbureter 34 of conventional construction conununicates bysuitable structure 35 with the interior of the cylinder' 23 at the end thereof as is indicated at 3G' and 37. A pipe 39 has a branch 40 leading from the head 26 of the cylinder 23 and a. branch 41 leads from the other end of the cylinder 23.

These branches are provided with check valves 42. The pipe 39 is preferably composed along the cylinder 8 and communicates with an opening 43 in the head 7 which leads into a passage 44 formed in the wall of the cylinder' 8 and terminating inwardly at the center thereof to communicate with the interior of the cylinder. An exhaust pipe 45 leads from the bottom center of the cylinder 8. Spark plugs 46 are engaged in the. cylinder one at each end thereof. A water pump 47 is geared in any suitable'manner to the shaft 9 and a distributor 48 is also geared thereto in a suitable manner for causing the energiZat-ion of theparts at the proper time.

Starting with the piston in the position shown in Figure 5 it will be seen that the gases compresses between the right hand end of the piston P and the head 7 and when the right hand spark plug is energized the gas `will explode driving the piston to the left. As the piston moves to the left it will compress gas to the left thereofbetween its left hand y end and the head 6 and close the communicaand the pipe 45 so that there will be a new CII rush of gas and an outrush of burnt gas. AThus the engine operates on the usual well known two cycle principle.

As the piston moves back and forth, of course, the Horsfall shaft 9 will be rotated in one direction. The buffer springs 33 will assist the' piston in changing direction of its movement. The piston P is prevented from rotation by means of lugs 46 projecting outwardly therefrom and operating with the grooves 47 provided in the inner surface of the walls of the cylinder 8. The piston P is provided with conventional piston rings 48. As the piston moves to the left in the above description it will be seen that as soon as the spring 32 moves to the right of the shoulder 31 engage the section 16 lof the piston 27 will start to move to the left causing the fuel gases to the left thereof to be forced out through the branches 40 at the same time sucking in fresh gas to the right of the piston 27. As the piston P moves to the right and the spring 32 moves to the left of the shoulder 31 engages the section 15-15` the piston 27 will start moving to the right so as to Vsuck in gas from the carbureter to the left of the piston 27 and compress the gas to the right thereof and force it out through branch 41. The gases forced in branches 40 and 41 are forced through vthe pipe` 39 under pressure and through the opening and into the cylinder 5 as previously indicated.

The pipe 39 is preferably provided with a check valve 50 at its action with the opening 43 in the head 7.

The important features of the invention resides in the cooperation of the piston P with the shaft 9 and this 4unit may be used in a speed. engine or the like with equal etliciency and reliability as in the two cycle internal combustion engine which we have described above for the purpose of giving an operative example of our important units.

It is thought that the construction, operation, and advantages of this invention will now be quite apparent to those skilled in this art without a more detailed description thereof. The present embodiment of the invention has been disclosed merely for the purpose of exemplification since in actual practice it will attain the features of advantage enumerated as desirable inthe statement of the invention and the above description.

It will be apparent that changes in the de tails of construction, and in the con'ibination and arrangement of parts `may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed or sacrificing any of its advantages.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new is:

1. In an engine unit, and in combination7 a double spirally grooved shaft, means for rotatably mounting the shaft, a piston recip rocable on the shaft, said piston being sectional and having threadedlyT connected flanges on its section, driving elements in the piston, one in the section, said elements being cooperatively associated with the shaft by means of ribsoperating in the grooves of the shaft, one clement being free tol rotate only in one direction and the other element being free to rotate only in the other direction, a cylinder' in which said piston is reciprocable and in which said shaft is journaled, and buffer springs disposed at the ends of the piston about the shaft for assisting the piston in changing its direction during recilrnz'ecaf tion.

Cit

2. In an engine unit, and in combination, a double spirally grooved shaft, means for rotatably mounting the shaft, a piston reciprocable inthe shaft, said piston ,being sectional and having threadedly connected flanges on its section, said elements being cooperating in the grooves of the shaft, one element being free to rotate only in one direction and the other element being free to rotate only in the other direction, ball bearing mounts in the piston section for said element, a cylinder in which said piston is reciprocable and in which said shaft is journaled, and buffer springs disposed at the ends of the piston about the shaft for assisting the piston in changing the direction during reciprocation.

3. In an engine unit, and in combination, a. double spirally grooved shaft, means for rotatably mounting the shaft, a piston reciprocable in the shaft, said piston being sectional and having threadedly connected flanges on its section, said elements being cooperating in the grooves of the shaft, one element being free to rotate only in one direction and the other element being free to rotate only in the other direction, ball bearing mounts in the piston section for said element, a cylinder in which said piston is reciprocable and in which said shaft is journaled, and buffer springs disposed at the ends of the piston about the shaft for assisting the piston in changing the direction during reciprocation, a. compressor cylinder on one end of the first mentioned cylinder, a piston, reciprocable in the compressor cylinder, rods connected to the compressor piston and eX- tending into the first mentioned cylinder, and a lost motion connection between the rods and the first mentioned piston. l

4. In an engine unit, and in combination, a double spirally grooved shaft, means for rotatably ,mounting the shaft, a piston reciprocable in the shaft, said piston being sectional and having threadedly connected flanges on its section, said elements being cooperating in the grooves of the shaft, one element being free to rotate only in one direction and the other element being free to rotate only in the'other direction, ball bearing mounts in the piston section for said element, a cylinder in which' said piston is reciprocable and in which said shaft vis journaled, and buffer springs disposed at the ends of the piston about the shaft for assisting the piston in changing the direction during reciproca-tion, a compressor cylinder on one end of the first mentioned cylinder, a

shoulders on the rods between the first mentioned piston.

5. In an engine unit, and in combination, a double spirally grooved shaft, means for rotatably mounting the shaft, a piston reciprocable in the shaft, said piston being sectional and having threadedly connected flanges on its section, saidelements being cooperating in the grooves of the shaft, one element being free to rotate only in one direction and the other element being free to rotate only in the other direction, ball bearing mounts in the piston section for said element,

a cylinder in which said piston is reciprocable and in which said shaft is journaled and buffer springs disposed at the ends of t-he piston about the shaft for assisting the piston in changing the direction during reciprocation, a compressor cylinder on one end of the first mentioned cylinder, a piston reciprocable in the compressor cylinder, rods connected to the compressor piston and extending into the s first mentioned cylinder, and a lost motion connection between the rods and the first mentioned piston, said connection being provided by means of provision of openings inthe first mentioned piston through which the rods are slidable, shoulders on the rods between the first mentioned piston, springs on the rods one to each side of each shoulder.

6. In an engine unit, and in combination, a double spirally grooved shaft, means for rotatably mount-ing the shaft, a piston reciprocable in the shaft, said piston being sectional and having threadedly connected flanges on its section, said elements being cooperating in the grooves of the shaft, one element being free to rotate only in one direction and the other element being free to rotate only in the other direction, ball bearing mounts in the piston section for said element, a cylinder in which said piston is reciprocable and in which said shaft is journaled, and buffer springs disposed at the ends of the piston about the shaft for assisting the piston in changing the direc-` tion during reciprocation, a compressor cylinder on one end of the first mentioned cylinder, a piston reciprocable in the compressor cylinder, rods connected to the compressor piston and extending into the first mentioned cylinder, and a lost motion connection between the rods and the first mentioned piston, said connection being provided by means of a provision of openings in the first mentioned piston through which the rods are slidable, shoulder on the rods between the first mentioned piston, springs on the rods one to each side of each shoulder, spark plugs-engaged in the ends of the first mentioned cylinder, in-

take means leading from the compressor to the centerof the first cylinder.

In testimony whereof we afiix our signai tures.

ANDRIANO SALA. GIOVANNI RINALDI.

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