US1715839A - I ttel-btjehihg system - Google Patents

Description

`)une 4, 1929. J, T, JANETTE 1,715,839

FUEL BURNING SYSTEM Filed Feb. 27@ 1922 I @www Patented June 4, 1929.

UNITED STATES JOHN T. JANETTE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

FUEL-BURNING SYSTEM.

Application filed February 27, 1922.

This invent-ion relates to systems or apparatus for burning liquid fuel or fuel which may be pumped through a pipe and while it is adapted for various purposes, it is particularly applicable to be used in connection with systems for heating houses or buildings.

The principal object of this invention is to provide an improved apparatus for burning liquid fuel or the like whereby a high degree of perfection of combustion will be obtained. @ther objects are to provide a fuel burner with means for automatically regulating the supply of air to the burner at the time of starting; to provide a burner with a gas pilot light and means for automatically regulating the supply of gas to the pilot light and to provide such other novel features and details of construction as will be described more fully hereinafter. In the accompanying drawings illustrating one embodiment of this invention:

Figure 1 is a general view of the complete system, parts being broken away or shown in section for convenience in illustration; y

Figure 2 is an enlarged detail taken on the line 2 2 of Figure 1; and

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 showing a modifiedform of construction of the fan driving device.

In accordance with this invention I provide an apparatus in which the liquid fuel such as kerosene, distillate, crude oil or the like is fed to the burner under pressure and the air for the burner is also supplied under pressure and preferably at a higher pressure than commonly used in connection with these systems. A pilot light may also be provided which is regulated in accordance with the pressure on the fuel so that a small gas blaze will be normally used but a larger blaze will occur when the oil is being fed to the burner.

In the arrangement shown in these drawings a motor l is used for driving the fuel pump 5 which may be of any suitable construction. The fuel is drawn by the pump through t-he feed pipe 6 which is connected to a supply tank 7. The outlet pipe 8 leads to the bottom chamber 9 of a diaphragm regulating valve 10. rIhe outlet 11 from the chamber 9 is smaller than the inlet and may be arranged by having a smaller pipe or the same sized pipe with a smaller outlet opening. The pipe 11 is connected with a` pipe 12 which leads to the burner 13. It is also connected with a return pipe 14 which leads to the tank 7 and is provided with an adjustable check valve 15 of any suitable con- Serial No. 539,473.

struction whereby the pressure in the pipes 12 and 14- may be regulated as it is the intention to supply these pipes with more fuel than will be used in the burner tip 1G. A gauge 17 is also provided for showing the pressure in these pipes.

The valve 10 has a chamber 18 in the upper part thereof with a valve seat 19 for the valve 20. The stem of this valve rests against the diaphragm 21 which extends between the upper and lower chambers and forms a closure between the same. The valve 2O is normally held against its seat by means of a spring 22 which abuts against a cap 23 at the top of the valve. A pipe 2a leads from any suitable source of gas supply as from the usual gas mains to the chamber 18. Another pipe 25 is connected with the opening or passage 26 below the valve seat 19 and serves as an outlet pipe which supplies the gas jet or tip 27. A by-pass 28 supplies a permanent passageway from the pipe 2d to the pipe 25 and may be regulated by an adjusted screw 29. y

llVhen the motor is at rest gas will flow from the pipe 24 through the by-pass 28 and pipe 25 to the tip 27 to supply a pilot jet or flame for the burner 13. As soon as the motor et is started, it will begin to pump oil into the chamber 9 and as it cannot escape from the chamber as fast as it enters as the outlet is smaller than the inlet, pressure will be created in this chamber which raises the diaphragm 21 and opens the valve 20. This permits the gas to pass from the chamber 18 through the opening 26 and outlet pipe 25 so that a larger amount of gas is supplied and a larger llame will be made as indicated by the dotted lines. This large llame is necessary or desirable to thoroughlypignite the oil which passes through the pipes 11 and 12 to the jet 16 and from there into the combustion box 80. This larger llame will of course be maintained as long as the valve 2() is open but as soon as the pressure in the chamber 9 is reduced the valve 20 will close and the pilot flame will return to its normal size. The excess oil furnished to the outlet pipe 11 will pass back through the pipe 14 into the tank 7 andas above set forth the pressure on this line may be regulated by the adjusting valve 15.

In order to supply air at a relatively higher pressure than ordinarily used I utilize a pressure blower or fan 31 of the type shown in Figure 1 or of any other suitable CAZ construction for this purpose. lf the air is supplied to the burner 13 as soon as the fuel begins to flow, the excess air will tend to cool the burner and to prevent the proper ignition of the fuel and also to weaken or blow out the pilot light. But as soon the fuel becomes ignited and the adjacent parts heated it is desirable to supply the air un der suficient pressure so as to provide for etlicient and complete combustion. In order to accomplish this I provide means for preventing the air from being forced at once into the burner but permitting it to enter the burner at a predetermined or suitable time after the fuel has become ignited. As shown in Figures l and 2, the fan blades 32 are mounted on a hub 33 which fits loosely on the motor shaft 3i. A ring or collar 235 is keyed or otherwise secured to the shaft 34. and has one or more projecting pins or guides 3G. Segmental weights 37 are slidably mounted on the pins 35 and are adapted to engage With the ring or flange 38 which is secured to or formed integrally with the hub 33. rlhe fan housing 39 has an outlet pipe 40 which terminates in a nozzle l1 which surrounds the jet 16 and directs the air into the combustion chamber 30. rlhe pipe Ll() may be arranged in alignment or at any suitable angle with the fan casing but for convenience is shown at right angles thereto.

l/Vhen the motor 4L is started and begins to pump fuel, the fan will not be driven. immediately but will be gradually started and will pick up speed as the weights 37 engage with `the rim 38 until the fan is eventually driven at the same speed as the motor.

Instead of the weights for driving the fan l may use friction shoes 4:2 which are pressed outwardly from the collar 35 against the rim 38 by means of springs 43. ln this instance the shoes act as a friction clutch and will slip at first but will gradually bring the fan up to proper speed.

It will be noted that the motor 4 may be provided with any suitable manual or automatic controlling means (not shown) such as thermostatic controlling devices and the construction and arrangement of the' parts may be modified to suit different conditions without departing from the general features of this invention. Therefore I do not Wisn to be limited to the exact construction or arrangement shown and described, except Vas specified in the following claims.

l claim:

l. In an apparatus of the character set forth, the combination of a combustion chamber, a combustion pilot light for said chamber, means for furnishing fuel under pressure to the chamber and motor driven means for furnishing air under pressure to the chamber at a predetermined time after the motor has reached its full speed and after fuel. has begun to be supplied to the chamber and then at a gradually increasing rate and finally at a. uniform rate during the operation of the apparatus.

2. ln an apparatus of the character set forth, the combination of a. valve having an upper and lower chamber with a diaphragm between them, a fuel supply pipe leading to the lower chaniber, an outlet pipe of less capacity leading from. thc lower chamber to a burner, a valve in the upper chamber' actuated by said diaphragm, an inletto said valve from a gas supply, an outlet to said valve leading to a pilot jet, the arrangement being such that the pressure of the eil in the lower chamber will raise the valve to increase the supply of gas to the pilot.

3. ln a combustion apparatus, the combination of a combustion chamber, a gas pilot light for said chamber, a fuel supply, a fuel jet directed into the chamber, ieans for pumping fuel from the supply to the jet, an air inlet surrounding the fuel et and directed into the chamber, means for sul'iplying air to said inlet and a motor for driving the pump, he supply means and means coacting with the motor and air supply means, whereby the air will be supplied at a gradually increasing rate for a predetermined time, but after the motor is started.

4l. ln a combustion apparatus, the combination of a motor, a fuel pump driven by said motor, means for supplying air, comprising a fan having its rotor loosely mounted on the motor shaft and means for driving the rotor from the shaft whereby the speed of the same will gradually partake of the speed of the motor.

5. ln. an apparatus of the character set forth the con'iblnation of a combustion chamber, a motor, a fuel pump driven by the i'notor for supplying fuel to the combustion chamber, a fan for supplying air to the chamber said fan having a hub loosely mounted on the motor shaft, blades secured to said hub, guides secured to the shaft and extending radially therefrom and means coacting with said. guides for frictional engagement with the hub whereby the fan will be gradually started by the mot-or.

JOHN T. JANETTE.

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