US1714966A - Supervisory conteol system - Google Patents

Description

May 28, 1929- R. J. WENSLEY ET Al.

SUPERVISORY CONTROL SYSTEM 4 Sheets-Sheet Filed Feb. 1, 1924 ATTORNEY R. J. WENSLEY ET Al.

SUPERVISORY CONTROL SYSTEM May 28, 1929.

Filed Feb, l', 1924 WITN ESSES:

f1 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTOR N EY R. 11. wENsLx-:Y ET Al. 1,714,966

SUPERVISORY CONTROL SYSTEM Filed Feb. l, 1924 4 sheets-sheet 3 May 28, 1929.

May 28, 1929 R. J. WENSLEY ET Al. 1,714,966

sUPERvIsoRY CONTROL SYSTEM Filed Feb. l, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 WITNESSES:

INVENTOR s Roy LZ' Wensky, Thomas d h//I/'e and JohgYE. Gardner ATTORNEY Patente-d May 255, i929. v

ROY J. WENSLEY,

OF EDGEW'OOD, THOMAS U'. WHITE, 0]? PITTSBURGH, AND JOHN E.

t rinse rea f reina.

GARDNER, OF WLKINSBURG, lPENNSYLVAN'LA, ASSIGNORS TO WESTINGHO'USE vlELECIREC & MANUFACTURING COMEANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

sUPnR'vIsoRY CONTROL srsfrnivi.

Application led February 1, 1924.

AOur invention relates to supervisory control systems and particularly to systems for supervising` and controlling electrical equipment remotely disposed With respect to the control station. i

One of the objects of our invention is to provide an improved relay selecting' means for selecting' the apparatus units and supervisory signalling devices at the remote point and central station, respectively. l

Another object of our invention is to provide a high-speed system for controlling remotely-disposed apparatus from a central point. y f

Another object et' our invention is to provide controlling` means for synchronizing the operation of a-sclecting cha-inet' relays at both the dispatchers otlice and the substation. Another object o1 our invention is tov so Yarrange a controlling circuit that it is impossible to ycauseifalse operation either of the apparatus unit or of thesupervisory signalling' device. Another object ot' our invention is to provide si gjnalling' circuits operating in conjunction with the synchronized relay chain for operating the apparatus units and supervisory signals by means of alternating current.

Another object of our invention is to provide mea-ns tor simultaneously operating an apparatus unit at the substation. and receiving` an answer-back signal over a single signalling circuit.,

Another object of our rinvention is vto provide meansvfor stopping the voperation ot the relay chains and for.- restarting their opera tion in the -evernt that the relays ot the chain Vdo'not.operate synchronously.v

. A further lobject of our invention is to pr0- vide means for simultaneously operating a plurality of circuit breakers and supervisory' signals without interference between the operations. v Y

` There are other objects of the 'invention which, together with the foregoing', Will be described in the detailed specification lWhich is to follow. Y

Referring new to theY drawings, comprising Figures lto 4, inclusive, the invention is shown applied to a system for supervising an automatic substation from a central control or dispatchers 'oilice` -The apparatus shownV in Figs. l' and 2 is Serial No. 689,975.

that located at the dispatchers oiice, While the apparatus shown in Figs. 3 and 4 is that one substation, it will be obvious from itsv description how a large number of such substations may be controlled and supervised from a dispatchers oilice.

In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the apparatus and operation will irst be described generally. A chain ot' counting` relays is provided at the dispatcher-s oiiice. In this instance, there are titty count-ing relays in the chain. A correspondinpchain of counting relays is located at the substation. Only a portion of the iifty counting relays in the chain has been shown. However, from the circuits drawn, itwill be"ev ident that a larger number are connected. It is, of course, obvious that this counting;- relay chain may comprisek any number of relays, the number being chosen nerely for convenience.

A trunk line extends from the dispatchers oiiice to the substation. Controlling;r relays and circuits are associated with this trunk line for controlling the operation ot the chain relays at both the dispatchers oiiice and the substation.- Two Wires are necessary in the trunk linefor operatingthe controlling circuit. f An extra signallingv conduct-or is provided in the trunk line for each liftycircuit vbreakers at thesubstation that are to be controlled and supervised. Y

lVhen a circuit breaker in the substation operates under automatic control, the controlling circuits function at both lthe substa tion and the dispatchers ofiice and the first Vrelay et the chain at both the dispatchers oiiice and the substation are operated, then the second relay of the chain, and then the third relav ot the chain, and so on.

When the predetermined relay in the chain at the substation, that is associated with they frequency of the alternating current applied,

relavis operated which, in view of the fact that the correspondingurelay.in the chain at the dispatchers oilice is operated, causes the supervisory signalling device to be changed to indicate the operation of they apparatus unit.

In the meantime, at the substation, the application ofthe signalling current to the signalling conductor causes the controlling circuit to be interrupted until the particular supervisory signalling device at the dispatchers otlice has been operated, whereupon the controlling circuit is permitted to function to energize the next relay in the chain. In the event that the circuit breaker at the substation is operated to a position opposite from that assumed, a ditl'erent frequency of alternating current is applied to the signalling conductor to operate a different relay through a circuit which is'resonant to that particular frequency, and a different signalling device is operated in accordance therewith.

\ In order to enable the dispatcherto operate an apparatus unit at the substatiomhe is provided with a number of keys, one for each apparatus unit. These keys may be operated in two directions, depending upon the operation that it is desired to have the unit perform. VVh-en the dispatcher desires to control an apparatus unit, he throws the key corresponding to thatunit in the proper d irection and, by this means, the controlling circuit begins to function to cau-se the successi've energization of the relays in the relay chain at the dispatchers office and the substation. lVhen the lchain relay thatis associated with the operated key is energized.

r alternating current of a definite frequency is applied to the same signalling conductor, as before mentioned, to operate through a circuit resonant tothat frequency another relay at the substation that is associated with the desired to control a maximum of fifty circuit breakers," or other apparatus units. Inthe eventjthat it is desired to control a larger number, a separate signalling conductor for each fifty and separate contacts on each of the relays of the relay chain are provided.

Referring now more particularly to Fig. 1, a key K is of the ordinary double-throw type. Generators Gr and G are indicated diagrammatically and are provided for the purpose of generating alternating currents having` frequencies of substantially 500 cycles and 700 cycles, respectively. AAkey K-l is of the ordinary release type and may be operated Vin but one direction.

A relay group RG comprising relays 15 y:to 24C, inclusive, is a chain of counting relays corresponding to those previously mentioned.

` the lower winding of which is of high resistance and of relatively few ampere turns and is adapt-ed, when energized, to attract only certain of the armatures of the relay. l lVhen the upper winding ofthe relays is energized, the remaining armatures are operated. rIhe armatures that are operated by the lower winding are shown as a rectangle, while the armatures operated by the upper and lower windings in series are shown in the usual manner. l

A relay 26 is a polarized relay vof the ordinary type'and controls supervisory control relays 27 and 28. The relays 27 and 28 control supervisory signalling devices 129 and 130. The relays 3() to 34C, inclusive, are associated with the signallingcircuit, while relay 29 is a relay for controlling the circuits of the counting relay chain in a manner which will appear later. F--6,F-7, F-S, F, F*1 and'F-)l are wave filters which pass only alternating currents of predetermined frequencies, as will appear. Relays 150 to 153, inclusive, inform the dispatcher when the signalling circuit does not Jfunction.

Relays 200 to 220, inclusive, comprise a controlling circuit for controlling the operation and functioning of the countingrelay chain.

In Fig. 3 is shown a counting relay group comprising a chain of counting relays-30() to 309, inclusive, which are constructed similai-ly to kthe counting relaysy previously men" tioned. Generators G Q and G-,S'areprovided for supplying alternating currents the Vfrequency of which is 900 cycles and 1100A cycles, respectively.

F-i, F-5, F-s, F-e, F-ic and iLii are wave filters that are associated with theV signalling conductors and are resonant to predetermined frequencies, as will appear.

Relays 314 to 318, inclusive', are associated with the signalling rconductor 1,60. Relays 319, 311, 312 and 313 are associated with a circuit breaker C and are provided forthe purposc'of controlling the operation-of: this braker. Relays 4110 to 443, inclusive, function when the signalling circuit is out of order.v A relay 321 is a common relay in series with the Y battery` supply lead to all of the circuit breakers to be controlled. 'llie circuit breaker C is of an ordinary type provided forthe purf poseV of tieing feeder circuits together, .or starting a rotary converter,` or other trans-v lating device. y y l Relays 500 to 517, inclusive, comprise the' controlling circuit at the substation. In the present instance., the dispatchers oflicle isA connected to the substation by means ofthe trunk line comprising four conductors 159,

K trol of automatic devices (not shown) that are responsive to circuit conditions in any y well known manner. Then the circuit ol the closing coilv et the circuit breaker C is completed, a circuit is also completed for the relay 321 over a path extending from ground by way of the armature -120and its front con tact, through the closing coil 323, through the winding of the low-resistance common re# lay 321, to battery. The relay 321, upon being energized, completes a circuit extending from ground by Way of armature L119 'and its :trent contact, conductor 430,.armature 529 and its back contact, and through the upper windingof the relay 5 0-/1 to battery. .The reflay 501is of the same construction asthe counting relays previously'mentioned and, with its upper Winding energized, zcauses the armature 530 to engage its front Contact, a circuit is prepared for its lower winding. f

. When the circuit breaker C closes, the

operatine` circuit of the closing coil 323 isv opened and the short-circuit is removed from the lower winding'o'f the relay 501. rllie relay 504 is nowcompletely energized and, upon operating, causes a circuit to be prepared at Varmature 529 for therelay 505, causes the I circuit ofthe relay 503 to be opened at armav ce ture 567, and causes one point inthe circuit to beopened at armature 531. Y

The relay 503 is normally energized over a path including the trunk conductorsA 280 and 281. The circuit of this relay may be traced vfrom ground at the battery B'-41 (Fig.

2) by Way of armature238 and 'its back con-l tact, through the lower winding of the relay 206, the back contacttand armature 246, armature 271 and its back contact, armature 273 andv its backy contact, armature 27,5 'and its back Contact, conductor 280, back Contact and armature 5'11',.bacl contact and armature 5112,baclr contact and armature 5115, armature 526 and its back contact, lower Winding of relay 503, armature 537 and its back contact,

upper winding otrelay 503, back contact and armature 525, Winding of the polarized line relay 511, conductor 281, the winding of polarized line relay 217, armature 215 and its back contact, upper winding ot relay 203,

and thence by'way of back contact and arma` ture 237 tobattery.

It will be noted that,.inasniuch as the relays 206- and 503atthe dispatchers ollice and substation, respectively, are energized over l 215 and its front ci,v

the above circuit, the windings ofthe polarized line relays 217 and 511 are short-circui ted and, therefore, they do not appear in the above circuit. lnasmuch as the circuitor' the relay 503 is og-,iened by the ene1 ization ot the relay 501, this inlay is dcrerpized and a cir cuit is closed, at armature and its back contact, 'for the relay 502. Also, the shortcircuit is removed from the polarized line relay 511 by the retractionl of the armature 528. The deenergization of the relay 503 also removes ground at armature 527 troni the conductor 131. wherebythe relay 320 is deen ergized and battery is supplied, through the armatures 117 and 113, to `the various relays.

at the counting chain and to the battery conductor 132.

The relay 502, upon being energized, at armature 5211, establishes a locking circuit for itself, at armature 525, opens another point in the circuit of the relay 503 and, at the front Contact of this armature and the lront contact et the armature 520, connects the relay 500 across the trunk conductors 230 and 231 inr series with the polarized line relay 511.

At the `dispatehei"s ofiiee, inasmuch as the circuit of the relay 20G is also opened by the operation or' the relay 501 at the substation, this relay is deenergized and a circuit is closed, at armature 293 and its back contact, tor the relay 207,. while, at armature 213, a short-cireuit is removed from the polarized line relay 217 and, at armature203, opens the'circuit of the relay 29 and this relay is permitted to deenergize to apply potential through the armatures 122 and 123 to all the relays oit the counting chain at the dispatchers oilice and also to the battery supply conductor 1412.

. The relay 207, upon being energized, estal li-shes a locking circuit for itself atarniature 2111, at armatures. 2115 and 2110,' opens another point in the circuit ofv the relay 206 and, atthe front contacts of these armatures, conipletes a circuit for the polarized line relays 217 vandv 511 in series with the relays 200 and 5.00. This circuit may be traced from ground through the lower winding ot relay 209, back contact and armature 2-13, front contact and armature 210, armature 271 Vand its baci: contact, armature 273 and its back contact, armature 275-and'its back contact, conductor 230, back contact and armature 5-11, back contact and armatureV 5412, back contact and armature 515, armature 526 andy its front Contact, armature 522 and its baci; contact, winding of relay 500, back Contact and armature 521, front Contact and armatin'e525, winding of polarized vline relay 511, conductor 231, winding of the polar zeil line relay 217, armature ..-ta-ct, rarmature and its back contact and upper winding or relay 209 to battery. l lllie relays 209, 217, 511 and 500 are operated over the above circuit.

Another result ol theoperation of the relay 207 is that, at'armature 287, a circuit is` A 511 arc operated in such direction aste cause the aiinature'270 to engage the contact 276 and to cause the armature 546 to engage the contact 548. Acircuit is comple-ted by the operation of the arn'iature 270 that extends freni ground by Way of said armature, contact 276, winding ot' the relay 216, conductor 142, and armature 123 and its back contact to battery. Y'

The relay 216 is energized over the above circuit and operates, at armature 267, to open one point in the locking circuit of the ielay 215, to establish a lockingcircuit Jfor itself at armature 268, to complete a circuit at armature 266 for the timing relay 213 and to prepare a.- circuit at armature 269 for the lower winding of the relay 15. The operation et the armature 546'into engagement `with the Contact 548 completes a circuit extending Afrom ground by way of said armature and ll O contact, Winding of relay 512, conductor 432, and back contact and armature 418 to battei-y. The relay 512. is energized over the 'above circuit'and, upon operating, at armature 568 establishes a locking circuit for V itsel'l, at armature 550 opens one point in the locking circuit of the relay 513, completes a circuit at armature 549 for the tiining relay 515, and prepares a circuit at armature 551 'tor tlie lower Winding of the relay 300.

At the dispatchcrs oiiice, the relay 209, upon energizing, at armature 250 completes a circuit extending troni ground by Way of the `iti-ont Contact and said armature, front contact and armature-269, conductor 147, back contact and armature 43, lower Winding of the nrst counting relay 15, back contact and armature 51, back contact and armature 57, Y

back rcontact and armature 64, back contact and armature 71, back contact and armature 78, back contact and armature 85, back contact and armature 92, back contact and armature 99, back contact and armature 106, back y contact and armature 109, and armature 122 and its back contact to battery. When the lower Winding of the relay 15 is energized,

this relay operatesto attract the armatures 41 and 42. l v

At the substation, the relay 500, upon being energized, completes a circuit, at armature 520, extending over a path from ground by way oi front contact and said armature, front contact and armature 551, conductor 425,

Vback contact and armature 329, lower Winding of the first counting` relay 300, back contactl and armature 337 back contact and armirst counting relay 300 is adapted to attract the armatures 327 and 328 Y Returning non7 to the opei'ationlof the relay 15, tlie engagement of the armature 41 with its front contact completes a circuit eX- tending from ground by Way of trent contact and said armature, armature and'its back contact, conductor 146, and winding of relay 218 to battery.r The relay 218is ener sov gized over the above circuit and operates, at

armature271, to open one point in the circuit of the relays 209, 217, 511 and 500 and, at armature 272, operates to complete a cir-v cuit for the relay 208. A

The relay 209, upon deenergizing, at armature 250, opens the short-circuit aroundl the upper Winding ofthe relay 15, whereby this Winding is permitted to function andthe armatures 40, 43, 44, 45 and 171 on the'said relay are completely operated. The relay 208, upon being energized, at armature'249, establishes a locking circuit for itself and, at ari'natures 247 and 248, reverses vthe con--V nections of the windings of theY relay 209v With respect to the trunk conductors 280,

and 281.

The operation of the relay 15 prepares at armature 45 a signalling circuit that includes the polarized relay 26,- at armature 44 prepares a circuit for the lower Winding of the relay 16, at armature 43, opens the energizing circuit of the lower Winding of the relay 15, and at armature 40 opens the previously traced circuit for the relay 218. This relay is deenergized to open at armature 272 the original operating circuit ofthe relay 208 and to restore' at armaturer271 one lpoint in the line circuit. energize at this time, for the reason that yits locking circuit is maintained at armature 274 of the relay 219. i s y At the substation, the operation ofi theV armature 327 of the relay 300 completes a circuit extending from ground by VWay ot trontcontact and said armature, armature 326 and its back contact, conductor 427 and the Winding of relay 580 to battery. The relay 580 is energized over the above circuitand operates Y Tlie'relay 208 does not deopen lonepoiit in the circuits of the vrelays 209, 217, 511 and 500, and atarin'ature 544 -completes a circuit for the relay 501.i The relay 501, upon being operated, at armatureV 523 establishes a locking circuit `for itselt,

isc

iza'

4 and at armatures 521 and 522 reverses the con# rCn nections of the winding of the relay 500 with respect to the trunk conductors 280 and 281. By the opening of the line circuit 'by reason of lthe operation ofthe relay 218 and the relay 510, the relay 500-is`deenergized and the' lshort-circuit is removed from the upper winding of the relay 300, which is permitted to completely attract Vthe arn'iatures 326, 329, 330,831 and 480. c

By the operation of the armature 381, as the circuit breaker C is in aclosed position and the relayBlB is energized, acircuit is completed extending from lthe grounded pole Y of the 1100 'cycle alternating-current generaonly to pass, the wave lter F-2 permit-s cur- Y rent of 500 andf700fcycle frequency only to pass, and the wave filters F- and F-B permit current of 500 and 700 cycles only to pass,`respectiif'ely, these other paths can be neglected when a current of a frequency of 1100 cycles is traversing the signallingV circuit.

The relay 3111, uponbeing energized, at

l armature 408 completes a circuit extending from ground by way of the front contact and said armature, conductor .L1-29, through the 1 winding of the relay 508and thence to battery. The energization of this relay opens one point inthe line circuitthat includes the relays 209, 217, 511 and 500, vto preventoperation of the saine at this time..

cuit is completed in multiple with the circuit of the relay 3141 Which extendsthrough'the Winding of the alternating-current relay 1410, and thence through an articial line L to ground.

'of the battery B through `the-'winding of the low resistance relay30, armature127 and itsfront Contact, front Contact and armature 15,1,and winding of polarized relayf26 to'theAV midpoint of the battery B. The'polarized' relay 26l operates its armature 110 in such direction as to connect the contacts 111 and 112.

Another lcir- The relay 440 is energized over theV 1 above circuitand operates, at armature 4:44, to complete a circuit for the upperwmdm'g As a result of this connection, the relay 27 is Venergized over a circuit from the negative side of battery B, through the winding of relay 27, the front contacts and armature 111 and 112, armature 45 and its front contact, the front contact and armature 127 to the winding of relay 30 to the positive side of battery B; Upon operating, the relay 27, at armature 117, establishes a locking circuit for itself, at armature 118 completes a circuit for the supervisory lamp 129, and at armature 116 opens the locking circuit of the relay 28. The operation of the supervisory lamp 129 apprises the dispatcher of the operation ofcircuit breaker C at the substation. Another result of the operation of the relay 27 is that a circuit is completed extending from the midpoint of the battery B, through back contact andarmature 119, armature 117 and its front contact, contacts 111 and 112 on the polarized 'relay 26, armature 45 and its front contact, front contact and. armature 127, and winding of relay 30 to the positive pole of the battery B.

The relay 30 energized over the 'above circuit, on account of the relay 2G no longer being invits circuit, and operates, `at armature 1211, to open the circuits of the wave 'lters F-l and F-l whereby the circuit of therelay 814 at the substation is opened, as is the circuit of the relay The deenergization of the relay 33 is followed by the deenergization of the relay 30. f

Thev relay 314.-, upon Vbeing deenergized, opens the circuit of the relay 508, and this' relay retracts its armatures to restore the line to normal condition, whereby the' relays in theA line circuitare energized over a path which will be described su ksequently.

Vhen the relay 508 is iirst energized, the locking circuit of the relay 580 is opened and this relayV retractsk its armatures, thereby causing the restoration of the relay 510. The

latter relay retracts its armatures to restore one point in the line circuit and to open the original energizingcircuit of the relay 501.- `When the relay 508 is deenergized, as previously mentioned, a circuit is completed for the relays in the line circuit over the following path: from ground through lthe lower winding of relay 209, front contact and armature 2417, front contact and armature 245, winding of the polarized linevrelay 217, conductor 281, winding of polarized line relay 511armature 525 and its front contact, armature 521 and its front contact, winding of relay 500, front contact and armature 522, front contact and armature 526, armature 545 and its back contact, armature 542 and its back contact, armature l54r1 and its back'contact, trunk conductor 280, back contact and armature 275, back contact and armature 273, back contact and armature 271, armature 246 and its front contact, armature 2118 and its front contact, and upper winding of relay 209 t9 battery. y The relays 209,217, 511 and 50.0 are energized over the. above-traced circuit.

.By the operation of the relay 217, the

armature 270isforced into engagement with .its contact 277, While, by the operation of the relay` 511,v the armature 546 is forced into engagement'ivith the contact 5117. By the operation of the armature 270, a circuit is completed for the relay 215. This relay, upon being energized, at armature 264, operates to open the locking circuit of the relay 216, Which is deenergized, to establish a locking circuitfor itself' at armature 278, to

l complete a circuit t'or the timing relay 21st at armature263,' and to piepare acireuit for the lower Winding 16 oi the relay chain at arinature 265. The relay 216, uponretracting its armatures, establishes the previously mentioned locking circuit for at the armature 267. Y

There is a possibility that the control circuit at both the dispatches o'ice and station the relay 215 `Will not cause proper functioning of the apparatus. This may occur for anyone of a numberrof reasons. Thatis, the proper count-l ing. relays at the'dispatchers oii'ice `or station ,may not operate,or the signal may not be received from the station designatingr the con- `dition of the particular apparatus unit sethis result, a timing circuit is provided at bethv Y `the dispatchers ofiicezand station. This timing circuit functions to release and restart the selecting apparatus in a manner that Will be explained. The timing circuit is also operative to cause the release and restarting of the selecting apparatus in the eventthat inductive disturbances cause improper operation in the control circuit itself. That is, the current may iioiv in the same direction after the control circuit has been interrupted and again completed. This timing circuit is reffectiveto cause the release and restarting 1- of the selecting* apparatus inthe event that the current .in the control circuitdoes not alternately reverse its direction.

.f The operation-of the .timing circuit frwill`r now be described, it being assumed that the selecting circuits have `failed vtoffunction 'properly for one el the reasons outlined above, VVhenithe circuit of the timing krelay v213 is completed by the energization ofthe relay .216, as previously'described, the re- .lay213 is energizedand interrupts its own a circuit is prepared for theupper winding of. ,Y

said relay. It' the relay 216 remains energized, the relay 213 is again energized and attracts armature 261. Whenthe armature 261 Y disengages its backcontact, the short-circuit f is removedfrom the upper Winding'of the relay 212, and this relay is energized com pletely to attract the armatures 257, 258 and 260. By the operation of the armature 260, a circuit is prepared for the restarting relay 202, While the operation of `the armature 258 prepa-res a circuit for the 4slow-releasing relay 210. The Voperation Vof the armature 257 preparesa circuit for the upper Winding of the relay 204.

Upon. the next retraction of the armature 261, if the relay 216 still remains energized,a circuit isl completed for the restarting relay 202, for the slow-releasing relay 210, and also for the upper Winding'of the relay 204. The

of the operation ot the'timin gV device. The relay. 20a operates the armature235, V,whereby a circuit is prepared for its loiverwvinding.

This winding is'notefect-ive until'the circuit 1 of its upper lWinding isopened andthe other armatures otthesaid `relay remain in their normal position. The relay `202, uponv being energized, operates atl armature 290 ,to

ing relay 207 at armature 289, to complete a circuit for the sloW-releasingrelay 221 at armature 230, and to open the locking circuit ot the relay 207 at armature 228. The operation o the relay 202 also opens the locking circuit of the relay 212 and this relay is deenergized. Y v. Y l The relay212, upon being deenergized, removes tlie short circuit from the lower Winding of the relay 2011, thereby permitting this relay to attract its armatures283, 23a and 236. iytheAA operation of the armature 23.3, a circuit is completed for therupper Winding ofVY` the relay' 2051., The relay 205- .operatesto f attract its armature .239 which Vprepares locking circuit for itself. Anotherresult.ofv

the operation ofthe relay 204. is that, at armature 236, a circuit is completed for the upper Vwinding of the` slow-to-energize relay 203.

The relay 207, upon being deenergized, atar- Y mature 287 opens the original energizing circuit of the relay 201 and, at armatures 245 and 246, opens the circuitof the relay 209 and prepares a circuit for the relay 206.

At the substation, during this interval, the `relay 512 is maintained energized, whereby ,the timing device 515 is operated.

Upon operating, a circuit is completed extending from ground by yway of the back Contact and armature 587, front Vcontact and armature 549, spring 560armature 558, armature562 and its backpcontact, and lower winding of relay 516 to battery. The relayV 516 operates its armature 561, thereby preparing a circuit for its upper winding.

Upon the next energization of the timing device 514, the relay 516 is completely energized, and, upon the deenergiz'ation' of the timing device, a circuit is completed eXtendn ing from ground by way of the back contact and armature 587, front contact `and armature 549, contact 560, armature 558, contact 559, armature 562, and itsfront contact, and

. winding of relay 507, to battery. Thel relay 507 is energized over the above circuit and operates, at its armature 571, to establish a locking circuit :tor itself, to open the locking circuit of the relay 502 at armature 538, to complete a circuit for the slow-releasing relay 582 at armature 539, at armature 540 to open the locking circuit of the relay 516, and at armature 588 to open the original energizing circuit of relay 502. The relay 502 isrimmediately deenergized to prepare a circuit for the relay 503.

. Another circuit is completed in multiplev with that for the relay 503 extending by way of armature 563 and` its front contact, back ,contact and armature 535, andupper winding of relay 505 to battery. The relay 505 operates its armaturev 534 to prepare a circuit for its lowerwinding. {When the relay 516 is ,deencrgizech the relay 505 is completely operated, whereupon a circuit is closed at 533 for the upper winding of thel slow-to-operate relay 506, and at armature 532 a circuit is completed for theupper win-ding of the relay 504.

A circuit is now completed extending from y the negative pole of battery B -4, at the'dispatchers oiice, by way of armature 237 and its back contact, upper winding of relay 206,-

`baclr contact and armature 245, winding oi line relay 217, conductor 281, winding of the line relay 511, armature 525 and its back contact, upper winding of relayh503, back 'contact and armature' 567, lower winding of 542 and its 'back contact, armature 541 and its back contactpconductor 280,` back contact pture 232, thereby permitting this relay to be .de'energlzed As a result vof this operation,

the short circuit is removed from the lower winding ofrelay 205 and this relay is completely operated, whereby the previously traced circuit for the relays 206 and503 is opened at armatures 237 and238, at armature 240 a circuit is prepared for the relay 204, and at armature 241 another point in the circuit of the relay 203 is opened. The relay 203 is immediately deenergized to restore certain circuits to normal.

At the substation, the energization of the relay 506 opens the locking circuit of the relay 505, whereupon this relay is` deenergized to open the circuit of the relay 506 and to remove the short circuit from the lower winding of the relay 504. The relay 504 is operated to prepare a circuit for the upper wind- Y ing of the relay 505 at armature 529, to open the previously traced circuit for the relays 206 and 503 at armature 567, and to open another `point in the circuit of the relay 506 at armature 531. 'Theslow-releasing relay 582, upon being energized, at armature 587 removes ground froiu the armature 549, whereby the operation of the timing device is stopped. The operation of the relay 582 also opens the circuit oi the relay 512.

AOther results of the energization of the Y countingl chain are released.

At the dispatchers office, the energizatiou of the relay221 causes the release of the rclays 215 and 216, "and alsothe cessation of the opera-tion of the timingdevice. Another result of thel energization ol" the relay 206- is that,rat armature 292, the locking circuit-ot the relay 202'is opened and this relay is deenergized, while, by the operation of the armature 293, a circuit is completed extending` from ground byway ot back'contact Vvto remove battery lrom the batteryy supply allowing this relay o deenergize.

the counting chain arereleased. Y

New, when the re ay 206 rotracls its arma ture, its circuit being open, as previously described, the operation proceeds in the saine manner as betore described in, b oth thedispatchers oliicel and Athe substation.

Continuing` now with'the description of the operation ,ol the system when it 'functions properly,the timingl devices are not operative. As a result oit the operation oi the relay 215, previously describeiil, a circuit is completed extcndinglroin grouiii'l by way oll tront conconductor 142', whereby the various relays in tact'and armature 250, 'front contact and armature 265, conductor 148, armature and itsV front contact,bacl contact and armature 49, lower winding or ,counting relay 16, back contact and armature 57, bach contact and armature 64, back contact'anil armature. 71, back contact and armature 7 8, back contact and armature 85, back contact and armature 92, back contact and armature 99, back contact and'arinatiire 106, baci; contact and armature 109, and thence to battery by ' wayV ol armatures 122 and 123.

The relay'16 operates over the above described circuit to attract the armatures 47 and 48.v By the operation of the armature 48, a circuit is prepared Yfor thoiipper windingv or' said relay,rwhile, bythe operation oit the armature 47 a circuit is completed that extends from ground by way of front contact and said armature, armature and its back contact, conductor 145, and winding of relay 219 to battery."v lThe relay 219, upon being energized, at armature 273 opens one point in the line :circuit and, at armature 274, opens the locking` circuit of the relay 208, thereby Y i By the opening of the line circuit, the relay 209 is deenergiz'ed," whereby the previously traced circuit for the lower winding` of relay 16 is opened. The deenergization of relay 208 reverses the connection of the relay 209 with regari'l to the trunlrconductois 280 and 281.

' armaturel 50' preparesa circuit for the lower winding of the relay 17, and at armature 51 opens the circuit or the relay 15. The relay l15-is immediately deenergized to restore cerltain yother circuits to normal.

` At the substation, the operationolV the armature 546'1nto engagementwith contact 547 causes the relay 513 to be energized. The

cuit for the timing; device 514. 1

ini/1,966

Vthe relayV 512, thereby causing this relay to deenerg'ize, and at armature 552`closos a oir- Another result of the operation of there? lay 513 is that a circuit isp'completed extending trom ground by way o-ront Contact and armature ,520,y front Contact and armature VV'/ J contact,back contact and armature ture 344, back .contact and armature 351 back contact and armature 358, back' contact and armature 365, back contactandarinature 372, back contact and armature 379, back contact Vand armature 386, back contact and armature 393, back contact and armature 396, back `contacts and armatures 417 and. 418, and

@hence to battery. Y 1

The lower winding` ol' the relay 301- is energized over thefabove-.traced 'circuit to attract the armatures 333 and ation of the armature 334 serves to prepare conductor 426, Varmature 330 and its front lower i ywini'lingroit relay 301, back Contact and arma'- The opera circuit for the A'upper winding,I of the relayV completes a circuit extending from ground by way ot front contact and ysaid armature, armature 332 and its backcontact, conductor 428, and winding,- of relay581 to battery. rlhe relay 581 is energized over the above circuit and operates, at armature 585,10 estabvlish a locking,` circuit for itself and to complete a circuit at armature 586 for the relay The relay 509, upon being operated,at armature 542 opens one point in the line-cir-V cuit, and at armature 543 opens the looking' circuit of relay 501. Bytlie opening of the the circuitolA the lower winding;` ofthe relay 301 is opened'. completely attract its armatures.' .Y Y v By the noperation of the armature 332,:the'. previously mentioned circuit-for the" relay 581 is opened. The .operation of the arma ture 335 opens the originalenergizing circuit 301, while the operation of the armature 333.'V s

ico

Y y Y line circuit, the lrelay 500-isfdeenergized and` y This relay ispermitted to y iie of the relay 301, while VVthe operation .of the armature 336 prepares va circuitlor the re.- lay 302. VThe operation of the armature 337 opens 'the circuit oiethe relay 300. and the Voperation of the armature338completes a signalling circuit. The relay 300, upon being deenergized,prepares.a point inthe circuit of the relay 580 at' armature 326-, prepares another pointin Vthe circuit of the relay 580 .at arm ature327, opensapoint inits Own lock Ving' circuit at armature328, prepares a cir.V

.cuit for itseliat armature 329, opens a point in they circuit` oftheV relay 300 at armature 330, opens a point in the signallingcircuit at armature 331, yand, at armature 480 opens a point in aiiotlier signalling circuit. c By theoperation of V4the armature 3380i the relay 301, a circuity is completed etending 4:from the signalling generator G-'2 OrGr,Y dependinguponthe posit-ionv of theapparatus unit associated with this relayv armature. Assuming that this armature controls the connection to the generatorG-2, an alternating Y current of a frequency lof 900'cycles will be applied over acircuitgextending from gen-Y erator' by way or armature '333 and its front Contact, .winding of the alternating-cu rent relay 314, wave filter Feel, signalhngconductor 160, wave filter F, winding ofrelay The relay` 32 is'energized overthe abovetraced circuit and operates, at its armature 126, to complete a circuit extending from the negative pole otbatte'ry Bthrough the lwinding ef'rela'y 31, armature'126 and its front contact, front contactand armature .115, winding'of theassociated polarized relay, l and thence to the midpoint of battery B.

The polarized relay associated withthe armature115 is operated inthe proper manner over this circuit and serves yto Acontrol t-he supery visory relays, similarv'to relays 27 and 28,

i is-cornpleted or'therrelay V508. The relay.

tocause the operation ofthe proper super-i visory signals, such as 129 and 130. By the operation or the proper relay, the relay 31 is 'energized and the previously tracedcircuit for the relays `32 and 314- is opened.

W7 hen the ,relayl 3111 is energized, a circuit 508, upon energizing, at armature 541, opens Vanother point in the line circuit to prevent( .the operation of the relays 217 and 511, while l the operation or thearniature 572 opens the lpreviously traced locking circuit for the relay'581. Therelay 581 is deenergized to open the circuit or the relay 509, whereby this relay is allowed lto'restore to normal, thus ,completinganotherpoint in the line circuit at armature 542 and preparing a 'locking circuit forthe relay 501 atarmature Y l/Yxllien the alternating-current relay 314; is

'deenergized, as above describechthe circuit ofthe relay 508 is opened, and this relay restores to complete the circuit of the line relays over a path which is the same as that originally traced. A.

The apparatus continues `to function in thev manner described, The counting relays in the relay grouplGr at the dispatchers oliice, suchy relays 1 7 to 211, inclusive, kare energized in the'same manner-,while the relays 302 to quence in substantial synchronisinvith the relays in the relay group RG; These actions. .take place under the control` of the control- A'last counting relay 24, while, at the ,substa- Vto' restore Vto normal.

vto normal.

also energized to cause the release er the rei llay 216.k The deenergization or the relay 207 tion,fthe relay 513 isoperated tolcause ,the

`energization of the relay 309.

lay 309, at ar1nature388, opensthe circuit of the relay 581, at armature 392 prepares a circuit for the relay 310, at armature 393 opens a circuit for the relay 308,`and at armature 394'completesl a signalling circuit, in-

cluding the relay 314 and the relay 32 or 33 at the dispatchers office, as the case may be, depending- 4upon the condition of the apparatus unit associated with the armature 394.

Upon the operation of the required supervisory signal, the relay or 31,as the case may be, is operated to open thesitfrnallinfrv circuit and to permit the deenergization of the relay 314 whereby the relay S is allowed The circuit for the relays 209, 217, 511 and 500 is now completed. The armature of the relay 217 is operated int-o engagement with the contact 270, while the armature of the relay 511 is operated into engagementwith the contact 5118.

Bythe energizationotI the relay 216, a circuit is completed extending from ground by way of the front Contact and armature 250, trent contact and armature 269, conductor 147, armature 105y and its front contact` winding or relay 25, and thence, by way of armatures 122 and 123 and their back contacts, to battery. The relay 25, upon being energized, at armature 108 completes a circuit` extending from ground by way of` front contact and said armature, conductor 1411, and winding` of relay 202 to battery.

, The relay-202 is energized over the above circuit and operate'sto establislra locking circuit for itself at armature 290. The relay.

202 now functions to open the original enersizing circuit and also the locking circuit of the relay 207, whereby this relay is restored The.slow-releasing` relay 221 is opens the original energizing' circuit of the relay 201 at armature 287 and prepa-res a cir-A Y kcuit for the relay 206.

30 9,-incluSif'e, in the relay group RG-l atx; the substation lare operated in the same se.-

At the substation, the operation of the relay l512 completes a circuit extending from ground by way of the front Contact and armature 520, front Contact andl armature 551, conductor 4125armature'392 and its front Contact, windingV 01"' relay 310, and thence, by way of the back contacts and armatures 1117 and l118,*to battery. Upon operating, the relayV 310 opens the circuito-fthe relay 309k Y and at armature 399 a circuit is completed eX- ylocking circuit. "The relay 502 1s thus deencrgized and a` circuit-'1s completed extending from battery tending from ground by way of front contact and said armature, conductor 133, and

vinding of relay 507 to battery. The relay 507 is energized over the above-traced'circuit Vandv operates, atar-mature 571, to establish Y a locking circuit for itself and, at varmature 539, to complete a circuit for the slow-releasing relay 582. The relay 582 is operated to open the circuit of the relay 512, which is deenergized. u y l .The relay 507 also opens the original energizing',circuitof'the relay 502, and, also,'its

B-4t, atthe dispatchers oilice, by way of armature 237 and its back contact,upper winding of relay 206, back contact and armature 245, winding of relay 217,r conductor 281, winding et lrelay511, armature525 and its baclr contact, upper winding of relay 503, back contact and armature 567, lower windving'ot relay 503', back contact and armaturev 526,armature 545 and its back contact, armature 542 and its back contact, armature 541 -andis back contact, conductor 280, back conr4tact and armaturev 275, back contact and armature 27 3, back contact and armature 271,

armature 246 and its back contact, lower winding of relay 206, back contact and arma-v ture 238, and thence to ground.

Therelays 206 and`503 are energized over the above-traced circuit." Therelay 206 operates to openthe locking circuit of the relay 202 atarmature 202, whereby this relay is deenergized, and at armature 293 completes a circuit forth-erelay 29, whereby battery is removed from the battery supply conductorv 111-2. Another result ot the operation ofthe relay yL06 that the polarized line relay 217 is short circuited.v y

At the substation, the energization of the relay 503 causes the locking circuit ot the ,relay 507 to be opened and this relay is deenergized to cause a circuit to be completed for the rel-,ay 32,0, whereby battery is removed from the battery supply conductor L132 `and vthe line relay`511 is short circuitcd.

In the above'manner, the apparatus is restored to normal, responsive to the sending of supervisory signals te check all the positions of the various apparatus units that are being supervised in the station or substation. It will be clear that the vactionof t-he control circuit is'interrupted upon each operation of any counting relay at the dis-r patchers office and station, inasmuch as the signalling circuit isv completedupon the operation. of any. one relay inthe counting relay groups. The purpose of completing this v signalling circuit is to check, at all times, the condition 01": the dispatchers signalling devices so that they correspond to the condition of the apparatus units at the stat-ion.` In the event that the apparatusdoes not function properly, the line relays 217 rand511.arelield in position and the timing devicesltunetion to release and restart the apparatus'in 'the manner described. .Y Y

In the foregoing desci'iptionof the operation'ot the system, it has been assumed thatl substation.

To describe the operation when the dis- Athe` apparatus unit changed condition atl thel f i patcher desires tooperate an apparatus unit,` -f

it willbeassumed.that the dispatcher o'per-v atesthe key K, which is associated with the desired apparatus unit, in such direction as to apply the voltage oit the generator Gre-1 to the armature 45 of the counting relay 15. f

The dispatcher will new operate :the start key K-1 momentarily. By` this operation,

V an impulse of current is sent over alcircuit eX.-

tending `from ground Vthrough the spring ofl vthis key, conductor'1d0, armature 240. and

its baelr contact, and upper Winding of' re-j lay' 205 to battery. u ated over the above circuit to attract lthe armature 239, whereby afcircuit is prepared tor the lower Winding of said relay. lVhen this ground impulse'terminates,the relay 205 is completely operated. Anotherresult of The relay205 is oper# this operation is that a circuit is prepared for the restart relay 2011- extending thecir-V` vcuit from lia-1, line 140, armature 240, arman ture 234, upper winding of "204, battery, .ground,.-and `the line circuiti's broken. The key Jlfd-+1, itis understood, is closed twice. The relays 206`and 503 are thus deenergized. rlhe apparatus functions inthe same manner as before described.

lVhen the relay15 in the counting chain at lay 316, armature all and its back contact,

'arn'iature 112 and its to ground." Y u n The relays 316 and 34; are energized overV the above-traced circuit. As a result of the Y operation of the relay 311a circuit isv coin-V pleted extending from ground by way of armature 128 and its liront contact, conductor lill, and, through the winding et therelay back contact, and thence `220, to battery. The relay 220 is energized y over the above circuit and operates to open one point in the circuit ot' the line relays at armature 275.1 v s y y i' At the substation, the operation of `'the re Y lay 316 lcompletes a circuit extending from the positive pole Aof the battery `B5 through the winding o't relay`-317, armature t10- and its 4front contact, front contact and arma'- 1,714,966 v Y 'i1 ture 331, lwinding-ofp'olaiized relay 319and Y i `'to the midpointv of the battery B-.

Cil

It will be :assumed thatA the`r armature 113, of the polarizedrelay 319 is operated into" engagement with the conta'ctlid. As a result of this operation, the relay 311 is energized. Therelay 311, upon being operated, at armature- 390, establishes la locking circuit for itself, and at armature 391 completes a circuit for the closing coil 323 ofthe circuit4 breaker C. The relay`317'is also energized over the above circuit for relay 319 and operates to removeground from the signalling circuit whereby the relay 316 is deenergized, as is the relay 34 at.- the dispatchesoflice.

line relays operatedin the same .manner as' that before described. .i

Vhen the circuit breakerC'closes, the re-v lay 313 is energized, andithe locking circuit ofA the relay 311 is opened and thisrelay is deenergized. lVhen acircuit 1s completed yfor the closing coil 323 ofthe circuit breaker C, the relay-321l is momentarily energized i and the starting relay-504: -is operated.

The operation of thisrelayis without particular function at the present time, inasmuchas the f circuit hasalready started-to function.

Of course, at the same time that the dis- Apatcheris causing the-operation of the appa- Y ratus unit, the apparatus unit-being in an l open condition, the signalling current from the generator Gh2 willbe applied to the signalling'circuit in order to inform the dispatcher ofthe condition of the apparatus unit before it is operated. rlhat is, atthe same time the circuit is completed for bringing about the .operation of the apparatus unit,

a circuit is completed, extending to the disgiven by the signallingl devices at vthe office.A

patchers ofice, tliatchecks `the. indication The condition of the signalling devices is thus momentarily checked before the condition of the circuit interrupter is changed.A ln the event that the signalling devices would, for soi e reason or other, indicate that `the circuit interrupter was closed when, invreality, it was open'7 and the dispatcher desires to close the circuit interrupter, the operation will take place in thesameinanner as described. However, when the ldesired apparatus unit is selected by the operation of Vthe counting l relays, a signalling circuit will becompleted which will change the supervisory signallingdevices to indicate the true condition of the `unit. The circuit that the dispatcher completes to bring about the operation of the unit will notbe effective by reason of the fact that the apparatusunit or circuit inter-f` rupter will already bev in that position. Un-

der'theseconditions, only t-he indication given -by the signalling devices will be changed.

The foregoing is the` normal operation of the system. However, it is possible, undercertain conditions, that the signalling circuit'` will not function properly. `This may be caused by open circuit or other conditions. ln this event, considering that the dispatcher is sending a supervisory signal, the 'alternating-current relay 153 in sei-ies with the arti- Vicial line L-l will be energized to complete Va circuit extending from ground by way of lfront'centact and armature 162, armature 155 and its back contact, armature 165 and its back contact, and upper winding of the slowto-energize relay 152 to battery. 1

If the relay34 does not operate before the Yrelay 152, which is slow to operate, the relay V151 is energized to complete a circuit'for the buzzer alarm 150 and to establish a locking circuit foi-itself. The relay 153 is placed in'circuit with an artiiicialline L-l which has the same impedance and otherV constants as the signalling conductor 1GO hasnormally.

The time of energizing of the relays 3a and .n 153,' under normal conditions, will be substantially the same,- and the alarm will not sound unless there is troublexin the signalling circuit. By the operation of the signalling device 153, the dispatcher is informed that there is a fault on the signalling conl vductorlGO and he may-have this corrected.A vWhen. the troublepis cleared, the dispatcher may stop .the alarmA by operating the key laf-3.

stationwill cause the operationof the Ybuzzer Yalarm/1413 and the lightingjof the lamp L152 in the vevent that the relay 314 does not energize within a sulicient time, as'determined by the period of time that it requires the slowto-operate relay 441 to attract its armature. This provides that, in Vthe event that the ln a like manner, the relay 440 at the siibsupervisory signals do not traverse the cirn cuits-properly, the attention of the operator atfthe station may be directed to such failure= 1f vthe dispatcher operates a key while the yrelay selecting apparatus is operating, and after it has selected vthe keythat is operated, it will be seen that there will be no operation' of the desired apparatus unit during this cycle of the selecting apparatus. After the selecting apparatus has restored to normal, the dispatcher will again operate the start key, thereby bringingaboutthe operation of the relay chains and the desired apparatus unit. Should a circuit interiupter or apparatus unit at the station be operatedwhile the relay chains areoperating, after having been started from the dispatchers office, the relay 321 at the station will be momentarily energized. If the relay chains have already selected this apparatus unit, no indication of the operation of the circuit interrupter'will be sent to the dispatchers yoffice until the re- .lay Vchainsv go tlirouglranother selecting opvtrol of the dispatcher.

supervised isxliin-ited to ten. nuinber of inet-hods of increasing the capacer'ation, either by reason of the voperation ofa secondapparatus unit, or under the conratus unit-is `notoperated during this cycle this will bring about no false operation for This follows from the previous explanation in view of the fact that the circuit that is closed to open the apparatus unit will be ineffective.

In the system just described, the number of circuit breakersthat may be controlled and rlhere are a ity, one simple method being by venlarging the counting relay chain at both the dispatchers oii'ice and the substation by adding one relay for each apparatus unit that it is desired i to operate.l When this is done, only the three conductors shown are used, the two control conductors and the signalling conductor connecting the dispatcher7s oiiice and the substation.x Another method is by increasing` ythe number of'frequencies of alternating current vand ilterspin the signalling circuit inA an obvious manner. Athi-rd' method ofaccoinplishing the same result involvesnthe addition of another signalling conductor for each ten apparatus units added. In addition, for

Veach signalling conductor. added,`there"is a pair of contacts on each' of the relays in the counting chain. Of course, in all the cases `mentioned, additional polarized relays and ,controlling relays are required.v

The third method is illustrated diagraminatically in the drawings, the conductor 159 being the additional signalling conductor added. This conductor is provided with wave filters-F-6, F-7 kand F-S` at the dispatchers office and wave filters F-9, F--lO and relay, two :operations in both directions? yGO F-ll at lthe substation.

ception that, for -each operationlof a countinay occur instead of one.

y -Y Attention is drawn to the fact that,1inasmuch as .alternatingcurrent of a predeterminedfrequency is employed for signalling Ipurposes, any induced disturbance in the signalling conductor, unless'it isof one of the predetermined frequencies and exists long In addition, the counting relays 'are provided with extra contacts'll to 174 on thel relays' 15 to 18, inclu-` sive, at the dispatchers oiiice andthe con-l -tacts 480 to-484C,.inclusive, on the relays 3DO to V304:, respectively, at the substation. In 'i this-ease, the operation is substantially the. same asthat before described, withthe ex- Venough to cause the -operatiomwillhave no ei'ect on the signal.' vf'ihe possibility that an induced disturbance will belof one of the pref determined frequencies and .will exist for an interval suiiiciently long Yto cause van opera.

tion, is exceedingly remote. Y

It will be seen, also, that, inasmuch asthe operating circuits are controlled by positive and negative impulses following each other, any induced disturbances on these conductors Lwill not causey a false functioning of the counting relay chain at either end for "the reason that, unless a positiveimpulse follows a negative impulse within apredetermined time, the, apparatus is released restarted.

p Our invention is not limited to the particuand the operation lar arrangement of the apparatus illustrated lbut may be variously modiiied without departing'from the spirit and scope of our invention, as set forth in the appended claims.

7e claiin-asour invent-ion :V K f l. In an electrical control system, the coin- -bination with a control oiiice, a station, a Y group of relays at theV control office and a corresponding group of relays at thestation, means including a circuit between theoi'lice and station, 4and current-direction-responsive 1 means associated with the circuit for operat- -ing predetermined vrelays ineach of said.

groups simultaneously, a source ofcurrent,

means forse connecting` said source ofcurrent to said circuit tl'iatrthecurrent flows al-v ternately iirst` in one direction andthen in the other, and means operative in the event that tliereversal of current vin said circuit does not occiirwithin a. predetermined time,v

iiiteiwal'for restoring the relays in each of said groups to their normal condition.l

2. In an electrical control system, the-coinbination with a control oiiice, a station, a group of relays at the control office and a corresponding group of relays atithe station, means including a circuit betweenthe-oi'lice and station, and current-direction-responsive `means associated with theV circuit for operatiio ing predetermined 4relays in each lof saidVV groups simultaneously,'a source of current, means for so 'connecting `said source of current to said circuit that the cuirentflowsalthe opposite direction, means operative in the eventA that the reversal ofcurrent in said circuit does not occur within a predetermined time interval for restoring therelays in each of said groups to their normal condition', and means for thereafter causing theoperation of ythe relays in either group.

3. In an electrical control systein,the combination with a control office, a station, and a group of relays at the control oliiceand fa corresponding group ofrelays at the station, of means includinga polarized vrelay at the control ofiice and a corresponding'relav -at the station for controlling the operation 'ternately first in one direct-ion and then-in ofthe relays in their respective groups, a cirof said last-,named relays, a source of electric current, means for causingy currentfrom said source toY alternately iioWv through said circuit iiiopposite directions to operate the lastnamed relays, means controlled bythe lastnainedrrelays for operatingpredetermined relays in each of said groups simultaneously,

means operative in the event thattlie reversal Y .or current in'said circuit does not occur Within a predetermined time interval for restoring the relays in e'acli of saidA groups to their Vnormal condition, and means 'for thereafter causing the operation of relays in either group.

v i il. In an electricalcontrol system, the coinrent tov said circuit, another,relaylassociated-` With each of said line relays :tor controlling tlie'operation of the relays inthe associated chain of relays, means controlled by said line relays for operating said other relays,

l and locking circuits for said other relays effective until vthe f nextA subsequent operation of therespective'associated line relay.

, 5. In an electrical control system, the Acom` bination with a control ofiiceand a station, of a chain of relays at said office, a chain ofrelays at said station, a polarizedline relay at said ofce and at said station, a first anda second relayassociated with each of ysaid line relays, means for operating said Vfirst relay in one position of the associated line yrelay,mean`s:for operating said second relay in the other Vposition of said:v line relay, means controlled jointly by.- said first and second relays for operating all the Vrelays in the associated chain ofrelays, a locking circuit for saidflii'strelay efleotiveluntil the operation of said second relay associated with said line relay, a locking circuit for said second re- 'lay effective until vthe operation of said first relay, a circuitfor said` line relays, and means for supplying electric current over said circuit in opposite directions alternately to operate said line `relay.

f 6; Inan electrical control'systcm, the com- A`bination Witlia control offiee,a station and a plurality of'apparatus units'in said station,

of a chainot relays at the said;officie'v and at the said station, impulsing means tor operating the relays in the vchain at said oiiicein a' definite sequence vand for operating tlie relays tion for selecting one of said apparatus units, means forstopping the operation of said nnpulsing means yuntil. suchselection `has occurred, and meansoperatively responsive to I v suolil selection for again causing said impulscuit includingsaid relays for controlling both ingfmeans to function.

7. ln an electrical control system, the combination with a control oflice, a station and aplurality of apparatus units in said station, of a cliain of relays at the said office and at the, said station, iinpulsing means for'opeiating the relays in the chain at said office in a definite sequence and for operating the relays in the chain at the'station in synclironism and simultaneously therewith, means controlled by any relayin'tlie chain at said station for selecting one of said apparatus units, and means for intermittently interrupti'i'ig the operation of' said impulsing means a't'ter the operation until eacli selection is made.

. 8. In an electrical control system, the combination With a control office and a station,

of'a plurality of signalling devices in said office, a plurality of apparatus units at said station, a relay group atthe said office and at the'station, means for operating the relaysin'the chain at said office in aidelinite sequence, means for operating the' relays in thechain at the station in synchronism thereivitli, means controlled by the operation of anyone of said relays in tlie'chain at said station for selecting one of said apparatus units, m'eans controlled the operation of the corresponding relay iii the'cliain at said o'liice for selecting one ofsaid signalling devices, mechanism controlled by the condition' of said selected unit Vfor operating said selected signallingdevic'e', and means operative f following the operation `of said signalling defice for stopping .the operation of said ini- -pulsingmeans until said signalling device has operated.

9. In an electrical controlV system, the com` bination with a-control oflice and station, of 4a plurality of' apparatus unitsV at'said station, a chain of relays at the said, office and at fthe said station, means at said oflicefor vop'eiatingtlic relays in the vchain tbereat in a definite sequence, means for operating the relays in the .chain at tliestation in the same sequence, a plurali ty oil signalling devices at Asaid oflice,-oneltor eacli of said units, means controlled by the operation ofany relay in tlie' chain at said station for selectingvone of said units, means controlled by the operation oit the corresponding 'chain in the relay at the oflice for selecting one of said signalling devices corresponding to the apparatus unit selected, -means for thereafter operating said signalling device in accordance with the condition of' one of said unit, and means for stopping tlie operation of said `impulsing means until said signalling Ydevice hasfbeen completely operated.

lO. In an electrical control system, the combination with a control oce, a station and a plurality of apparatus unitsv at said station, of a plurality of keys at the said oflice, one correspondingto each of said units, Aa

lOO

chain eig-relays at thesaid oi'lice and'vatithe vsaid station, respectively, means for operating `the relays in the Vchain at said oliice in a definite sequence, means for operating the relays in the chain at'said stationv insyn-j chronism therewith, means* controlled by the operation of a relay in the chainjat said sta'- tion for selecting one of said apparatus units,

o means controlled by the correspondingy relay in the chain at said oflice for selecting one of said keys corresponding to tlieunit selected, means for operating said apparatus unit in accordance VWith the position ot its corresponding-key, andlmeans for stopping the f operation of said relay chains. until suoli 0p-.

, eration has occurred.

, 1l. The combination With a control oliice, a station and a plurality ot' apparatus'units in said station, oita plurality of signalling devices at said oiiice, one ior each ot said units, a'relay chain at Vthe said Oiiice and at vthe said station, means for operating therelays in the chain'at said ofiice in a definite sequence, means for operating the relays in the chain at said station in the same sequence simultaneously, means controlled by the operation of a relay in said relaychain at said station for selecting oneof said units, means controlled by the corresponding relay in the chain at'said olce torselecting a correspond- 4in g signalling device, ay signalling circuit connecting said oilice and station, means Vcontrolledfover said signalling circuit'for oper-r atingsaid vsignalling Vdevice in accordance With the condition oi said unit, means lor sir'multaneously operating the selected unit over said signalling circuit, and means for stoping the operationo the relays'in said chainl until both the unit and signalling device have operated. i

l2. In an electrical control system, the combination with a control oilice, a'substationl neously in a definite sequence, means controlled by the operation of a relay in the chain at said station for selecting a predetermined apparatus unit, means controlled by the operation oit the corresponding relay in y thefcliain at saidv oiiice for selecting the signalling device associated with said unit, an

alarmsignalling device, means for operating the selected unit from said circuit, and

rvmeans operated inthe event that said unit is notA operated Within a predetermined time for operating said alarm signalling device.

13. In a signalling system, a first station, asecond station, a 'chain of relays at each station, acircuit connecting said stations,

meansf including said circuit for operating one'o't vsaid relays at the lirst station and its -vassociated .relay Vat thesecond station, means operative responsive to the operation' o'tjsaid relays for terminating the operation .oi-said 1 first-mentioned means, means operative, iollowing the termination Aof the .operation of said inst-mentioned means for preparing the v succeeding relay at each ot saidstations for operation auditor again operating said'tirst-v .mentioned means for operatingthe lsucceeding relay at each station.

la In a signalling system, aiirst station, n

asecond station, a chainot relays at saidiirst station, a chain ofrelays at said second station individual to said relays at saidlirst station, a Vclosed driving circuit coniiectingsaid stations, means including vsaid closed driving circuit for operating'a relay at said firstfsta- Y tion andits associatedrelay vatf'saidsecond station, means operative inrespoiiseto the operation of saidrelays 'for opening said driving'circuit, means responsive to the opening oisaid driving circuit'ior preparing theY succeeding relay in eacli chain' for operation byy a closed vdriving circuit and for again Vv9() closing said driving circuit, saidiirstl-mentioiied means vbeing therefore operative 'to energize the succeedingA relay in each/chain.

15. Ina supervisory control system, a ist station,a second station, apparatus units 'at said second station, signalling devicesfindividual tlieretoatl said iii-st station, synchronously-operated selector devices at said lirst and said'second station for associatingeach of said apparat-us Aunits with lits associated signalling device whereby said signalling device is "operated in responsetothe operation o f'said apparatus-'unitjand means -ivhereby Y saidV selecting apparatus is momentarily stopped until ysaid signalling devicel'icompletely operates in `response to the operationV of said apparatus unit. ,A l

16. In asupervisory-control system, a lirst n i station, a second station, a signalling line conn'ecting said s ations, a pluralityot apparatus units at said second stationeach having plurality of positions, a plurality of signali ling devices, individual thereto at said first station, for indicating the position'.A of said units, la signalling line connecting said`stations, synchronous selector devices li'or'siniuliioY taneously associating an apparatus unit and itsassociated 'signalling device With said sig- Y Vnalling lineand meansfor maintaining said .Y Y connection unti'lsaid signalling device" indi-j cates the condition ot said unit,

YAY17; In a supervisory controlsystein, aliirst station, a second station, apparatusiunits at 'said' second' station o erable to a-plu'rality of positions, signalling devices, Y

operation of said units, a signalling line connecting said stations, normally non-operating synchronous selectors at said iirst land'said,

y y individual thereto at said rststation, responsive to lthe,

second station, means responsive tothe operai' tion of one Vof said apparatus units for start-V `ing Vsaid synchronous selectors into operz'i-V CII tion, means ,including said synchronous selector-s foifassociating said operatedV apparatus unit to its associated signalling device, and means ttor maintaining' saidconnection' until said. signalling'device has operated in response to the operatio'ngoi' said apparatus unit. 1 'e f i8. In a supervisory control system, a rst station, afsecond stat-ion, apparatus units at lsaid second station, each or said units having a plurality of conditions, signalling devices at said lirststation individual vthereto for indicating the condition of'said units, synchronous `selecting device forconsecutively asso` ciating each apparatusunit with its signal# ling device and means for maintaining each of said connections until the Vsignalling de-` vice'indicates the condition of its individual' apparatus unit;y f

19. In a Supervisory control-system, a iirst station, a second station, apparatus units at saidsecondstation, each oi said units being lGO operated.

vi'dual'thereto'at said first station, syificliro-V nously operate'dselector devices torconseciu vtively associating "each tot said apparatus units with its yindividual signalling device,

'said selectors being normally in a vnon-operating condition, and ineansresponsive to the operation of any one of said apparatus units for starting said selectors into operation, a

drive line connecting said stations,means' controlled by said selector devices operating in synchronism or transmitting impulses over said drive line and'meansresponsive to Vvsaid impulses tor loperating"said selector de-v vices in synchronism.` 1 v f v y 2l. In a'supervisory'control system, a first statioi'iyasecond station, apparatus units at said second station,` each of said units having a pluralityot positions, signalling devices individual thereto at said iirststation for in-V dicating the positions ot saidiinits, normally non-operating synchronous'selectors, means whereby saidv selectors may be 'started into operation troni said iirst station, means including `said selectors f for. selectively operating saidapparatus units Jfrom said first st ation, means whereby, when said selectors'arestarted into operation, they make a complete fcycle andare restoredv to non-operating conindication thereof.

said'iinits from said second station, and means whereby said selectors, during said single Vcycle ,oli operation, will cause each of the signalling devices to indicate the then position of their individual apparatus units.

'22.V ln a supervisory control system, a first y station, a second station, apparatus units at said second station,- signalling devices individual thereto at'saidlirst station, normally vnon-operating synchronous selectors, means whereby said selectors may be started'into operation trom said lirst station, means ivhereby said'selectors may, be started by an automatic operation of one oit said units from said second statioiuineaiis including said `selectors for operating one ofsaidapparatus unfits'fronisaid first station and means in-` 1 cluding said selectors responsive to the ol eration of said apparatus unit for operating one or' said signalling devices;

V28.v ln asiipervisory control system, a first station, a second station, apparatus units at said secondstation, signalling devices indi` Vidual theretol at said first station, aV signalv ling line connecting said stations, means v'for selectively. operating said 'apparatus units from said lirst station,"ineansincludingsaid signalling` line for operating saidsignalliiig devices -iii response to the operation ot' said .apparatus units and means operated should said signalling line tail to transmit said sigv nals, itor providing an indication thereof.

24.- Iny a supervisory control system, a lirst station, a second station, apparatus units at said 'second station`, signalling devices individual thereto at said irst station, a signal-A ling line connecting said stations, means in# cludiiig said signalling line tor transmitting an impulse to operate one of said apparatus p units, and means operative should said ini-y pulses ail to be transmitted ior proyiding an In a supervisory control systeiina. tl 'i ditions, means whereby said selectors may he Lstarted by an automatic operation ofone ot station, asecond station, apparatus units atk y .saidA second station, signalling devices indi- :vidual thereto at said'lirst station, a signallingfline connecting said stations, means tor `transmitting impulses over saidPsignalling 'line for controlling and'supervising said ap,-

paratus units and' means operative should said signals fail to be' transmitted for providing an indication thereof.

' 26. In a. signalling system, a first station, a second station, a chain of relays at said lirst station, a'chain ot relays at said second station, a drivin@ circuit connecting said stations, means tor transmitting in'ilfiulses'over said driving circuit, means operative in re sponse to `said impulses" or operating said relays at each station simultaneously and in synchronism,` and meansivliereby said inipulses are transmitted only wliensaid chains oiE relays-are in synchronism.- v

, 27. Ina signalling system, a;fii'st station,

at second-station, a chain ofrelaysatsaid firstr station, a chain of relays at said second station, a driving circuit connecting said stations, means including circuit arrangementsmitting impulses over said driving line,v Ameans responsive to said impulses 'lorisynclironously energizing said relays ateach station, yand ,means whereby said impulse transmitting mea-ns is operated to transmit im.-

` pulses only Whensaid chains ot relays are-in synchronism.

*29. In a signalling system, a iirst station, a second station, a chain ot relays at said lirst and said second station, means including a drivingcircuiti'or operating said relays nin synchronism, nieanswlierehy said 'chains ot relays control said driving circuit, andineans should said chain oft' relays fallout ot synclironism for renderingsaid driving circuit ineffective for driving;

' 30. In a signalling system, a iirststation, a second station, a. chain of relays at said first l,and said second station, a driving circuitconnecting said stations, means including said chains vofrelays torintermittently transmit- 1t-ing. impulses over said driving'v circuit, -meansresponsive to said intermittent impulses for operating said-chains ot relays iii 'synclironism,y means operative should said chain of relays tall out o't synclironism, for stopping said intermittent impulses, and

means operative should said impulses stop in' f responseto a non-synchronous condition tor i restoringsaid relays to normal.

8l.. In a signalling system, a first-station, a second station, a. chain of relays at said first i and said second station,a driving circuit con-I necting said' stations,y means including said chains of relays for intermittentlyk transmit'- ting impulses over-said drivingcircuit, means .responsive to said intermittent limpulses `tol operating said chains of relaysin synchronism, means for stopping said intermittent impulses, andmea-ns operative should said impulsesstop inresponse to a non-synchronous condition for restoring said relays to.

normal. y A, i n

32. In a supervisorycontrol system, a iii-st station, asecond station, automatically operi able apparatus unitsatisaid secondstation,

signalling devices individual thereto at said iirst station, normally non-operating selectfirst station,

ing apparatus at saidiiirst' and said secondl station for selecting one ot'said` apparatus units, means respoiisiveto anautoinatic operation ol V,one of said apparatus units tor fV starting said selectingapparatus at each lstation into operation, means including Ysaid selectors v for selectively operating the signallingd'evices individual to said apparatus unit in responseto its operationAandmeans` including said selectors-tor selectively operating said apparatus uiiit iroin said lirst sta-j tion.y f l 33. In a supervisorycontrol-system, a iirst l station, a second station, automatically 'operable apparatusunits atsaid secondstation,

signalling ldevices individual theretojat said first station, normally non-operating 'selectorsat saidfiirst and said second station,

means for starting said vselectors inte opera-5 tion from either ot said stations, in response either to an automatic operation ot one et said units or `a manual operation from saidV first station, means including said selectors torjselectively operating onek ot' said apparatus unitsyiirom said ftirst statiomand means including said selectors inl operation tor selectivelyoperatingany one of said signalling devices in response to the, operation ot said apparatusunit` 84. In a supervisory control system, a lirst' station, Aa second station, automatic apparatus unit-s 'at said second station, signalling devices individual-thereto at said ti-rst station,

normally non-'operating chains oi" relays at.

said first and said second station, mea'nsi for ico Y starting saidl chains ot relays-into operation from either of Said stations in response either to anautomatic operation of one oisaid units.

or a manual operation from said first-station, means including said chains of relays-for selectively' operating one oit said apparatus units from saidfiirst station `and means in- 'i cluding said cha-ins ot relays in operation for selectively operating any one-oit saidfsignalling devices in response to the operation 'of said appara-tus unit. v

In an electrical control system, the combination Within-control oi'lice, a stationand a plurality of apparatus units in said station, of

a chain of relays kat-said oniceand station, respectively, iinp'ulsing means for operating the relaysin the-chain at-.saidloice inv adelinite sequence, and tor operating the relaysin the chain at lthestationin synchronism andv simultaneously therewith, means controlled i hy any relayin the chain at said station Vfor selecting one of said apparatusunits, and

Vmeans Vl'orstoppinotliejoperation ot said iinpulsing means untilsucli curred.l Y- 1 Y f 36. In a supervisory control system,` a lirst selection has voclstation, a second stationapparatusunits at said second station, vsignalling; devices `individual to said apparatus units at said iirst station, normally non-operating synchronous iio'

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