US1713508A

US1713508A - Automatic furnace apparatus

Info

Publication number: US1713508A
Application number: US145761A
Authority: US
Inventors: Andre Roger Marcel
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1925-11-17
Filing date: 1926-11-02
Publication date: 1929-05-21
Anticipated expiration: 1946-05-21

Description

May 21, 1929.

- R.' M. ANDRE AUTOMATIC FURNACE APPARATUS Filed NOV. 2, 1926 I sNvZvTOFL m/1T -1 .......a May 21, 1929.

PATENT OFFICE.

ROGER run-cm. ANDRE, OI IOMEHAY-BOUl-DOIS, I'BAICE' AUTOIA'IIC I'mACE APPARATUS.

Application ma Iovember 2, 1m, Serial Io. 145,701, and in France Iovember 17, me.

My invention relates to a furnace ada ted for automatic loadingand cleaning, w ich provides for an active and continuous comustion of ordinary fuel, and is chiefly characterized by the fact that the fire pot is mounted upon a swinging support so disposed that the displacements of said su port due to the difference in the weight resu ting from the progressive diminut1on of the fuel during the combustion will serve to control the supply of fuel to the furnace. My said automatic furnace apparatus may be iven numerous and difierent applications but it is chiefly adapted for domestic uses, since it has for its primary object to obviate the disadvanta s arising from a slow combustion, such as t e production of carbon monoxide. which represents a loss of heat as well as a source of danger, and the necesit of employing special grades of fuel whic are ve expensive as a neral rule.

Furt er characteristics, advantages and typical examples of applications of my said apparatus will be disclosed in the followin description with reference to the append drawings. In the latter, which are-solely given by way of example:

Fig. 1 is a .vertical sectional view of a furnace rovided with the automatic loading and c caning device according to the invention.

Fig. 2 is, on a larger scale, a plan view of the reversing device for regulating the tension of the springs acting on the loading and cleaning device.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the lower side of the cover of the receptacle for the fuel.

In the constructions shown in the drawing, 1 is a fire pot supported b two levers 2 which are connected toge er. The said levers are pivoted at one end upon two knife edges 3 and one of said levers is su ported at the other end by a spring 1'. 161a said fire pot is loaded by a movab e fuel receptacle 4 which discharges the fuel into a stationary hopper 5 from whose-lower oblique portion the fuel will be suitably delivered upon the grate. The said fuel receptacle is mounted upon a rack rod 6 by means of a spider 7 and rod 8. The said rack rod is actuated by a pinion 9 which is secured to a pulley 10 driven by a cable 11 which is attached to a. driving weight 12. A gear wheel 13, driven by the pulley 10 on the same shaft 40, provides-through suitable speed-raising mounted on the sliding member,

gear wheels 1313'14 mounted on shafts 41-42-a ra id rotation of the brake drum 15. The sai brake drum is held fast when the weight of the coal in the fire pot is suflicient, for instance by a brake 2' carried by one of the levers 2. B reason of the combustion, the weight of t e coal will'diminish gradually, and the spri r, whose tension will then overcome the weight of the fire pot and its contents, will disengage the brake 2' from the drum 15. The movable device is' thus released and is actuated by its said driving weight, so that the fuel receptacle will rise and will discharge the fuel into the furnace. This motion will cease when the furnace receives a uantit of fuel such that its weight will sul ce to ring the brake -2' again into contact with the brake drum 15 which, by reason of its speed, canbe stopped by a very slight pressure. This device will t erefore provide for the loading of the furnace by small quantities and according to the requirements of the combustion.

The device for clean' the furnace grate comprises a lever 16 which is pivoted at a and is provided at one end with a cleaner consisting of teeth 17. The said lever rests upon the lower part 18 of a sliding member 19 which is suspended from a s ring 1'. A wheel 20 with ratchet teeth wliich 1s actuated by the pulley 10, will rotate slightly each time that the apparatus is loaded, and one of its teeth, coacting with a tafipet 21 th 'd be h h lower esa1 mem r,t usstretc ing espring r After a few such loading operations,

7 when the cleaner which follows the movemmt of the sliding member has assumed the position shown in the dot-and-dash lines, the said tappet which moves in a straight line will be disen from the tooth; the spring rwillabru'ptly bring back the slid member which by means of its end 18 W1 raise the said cleaner whose teeth 17 are now inserted between the ate bars so as to cause 1 0 the ashes to fall an to more or less stir up the. layer of fuel according to the initial tension of the s ring r. This action takes place for a very s ort time, for the cleaner at once drops upon the lowerpart or the said sliding 1 member from which it had been released due to the efiect of the spring r, the return motion of the sliding member being limited to the contact between the said tappet and the succeeding tooth of the wheel 20. The frequency of the cleaning operations will therefore be proportional to the quantity of fuel su lied b the fuel recipient.

o regu ate the firing, it is simply necessary to adl'liist a lever 22 which is pivoted at b and to w ch are attached the springs r and r Said lever 22 may be operated by hand or mechanically. When the handle of said lever is lowered, the tension of said spring is increased, so that the brake 2' will only bear on the drum 15 for a greater weight in the fire pot and the lever 16 with the teeth 17 will be actuated by the spring 1 with a greater strength; due to the eflicacy of thecleaning, agood draft of air will be afforded.

This effective method of regulation can be utilized in connection with an automatic regulation by which tlfe rate of combustion depends upon the requirements in certain cases, for instance where it is desired to maintain a constant temperature in a room when the outside temperature is variable. Since a certain source of power is available, consisting of the said driving weight, the weight may be employed to displace the lever 22; for instance (Fig. 2) upon one of the shafts 41 of the device is mounted a driving member 23 adapted for lengthwise displacement by means of a lever 24 adapted for instance to move in one direction when the temperature in a given room increases and in t e opposite direction when said temperature decreases. The said driving member will rotate the shaft 25 carrying the beveled wheel 45 either way according as one or the other of the

loose wheels

43, 44 of the reversing device is engaged with the said driving member. The shaft 25 controls the movement of the lever 22 by means of a pinion 26 and a rack 27 or by like means.

A cover 30 is disposed in the fuel receptacle to cover the fuel, and it is held by a rod 31 upon a bracket 32, so that it remains on the same level when the said receptacle is raised, thus reducing the height .of the pile of fuel above the hopper and obliging the fuel to drop regularly into the furnace.

Said cover may be provided at the lower part with ribs 35 and may be rotated by the pulley 36.coacting with a cable'll, with interposition of supporting pulleys 37. The projections 35 are inclined in such manner as to displace the coal towards the center, so that it will more readily fall into the hopper (Fig. 3). The said rotating cover will rovide forthe use of coal of larger size t an can be employed with a stationaryQ fuel, thus furthering the combustion of the gases.

A comparatively small driving wei ht can be used, since it will have an availa le descent stroke corresponding to the height of the room containin the a paratus, and this will much exceed t e stroke of the fuel receptacle. The weight is raised into position by a crank 46 mounted on the pulley shaft 40, and this causes at the same time the descent of the fuel receptacle, which is thus prelepared to receive another charge of fuel.

t will thus be noted that the heat of the furnace will offer no prejudice to the good functioning of the apparatus, and that the furnace according to the invention will assure an efiicient utilization of the fuel, since the weight of fuel upon the grate is constant, the loading being effected in small quantities; the cleaner provides for the proper distribution of the air whereby the grate will be cooled in a regular manner. The volatile substances and the coal will thus be burned in the optimum conditions, and it should be observed that the combustion will be furthered by the heated wall of the furnace, the small supply of air above the fuel and the space which is made sufficient for the free development of the flames.

The use of a furnace according to the in vention with all suitable heating apparatus will offer the following principal advantages: The functioning is automatic and thus assures a continuous heating with ordinary grades of coal; a great saving of fuel is obtained; hy enic conditions are assured by reason of t e energetic combustion whereby all production of carbon monoxide is obviated and a good smoke consumption insured; the furnace has a reduced size; the regulation is effected in an approved manner; automatic regulation of t e combustion may be provided according to the heating requirements.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: 1. In an automatic furnace apparatus, a fire pot adapted to contain fuel, movable levers connected together and adapted to support said fire pot, yielding means adapted to act on said levers to in e said fire t in an upper position, a-movalile receptac e for storing fuel, means adapted to cooperate with said receptacle for conveying said fuel from the receptacle to the fire pot, power means adapted to move said receptacle into position to discharge into the conveying means, and means operatively connected with said levers and adapted to control said power means in response to the weight of the fuel in the fire pot.

2. In an automatic furnace apparatus, a fire pot adapted to contain fuel, movable levers connected together and adapted to support said fire pot, yielding means adapted to act on said evers to ur said fire pot in an upper position, a mova le receptacle for storing fuel, means adapted to coo rate with said receptacle for conveying said fuel from the receptacle to the fire pot, a rotatable axle, power. means adapted to rotate said axle, cooperating means operatively connected with said axle and with said receptacle and adapted to move said receptacle into position to discharge into the conveying means, a brake drum adapted to be rotated by said axle and a brake 0 eratively connected with said levers and a apted to be appliedon the brake drum by the weight of the fuel in the fire pot.

3. In an automatic furnace apparatus, a fire pot adapted to contain fuel, movable levers connected together and adapted to support said fire pot, yielding means adapted to act on said levers to mg? said fire pot in an upper position, a mova le receptacle for storing fuel,'means adapted to coo rate with said receptacle for conveying sai fuel from the receptacle to the fire pot, a rotatable axle, power means adapted to rotate said axle, cooperating means operatively connected with said axle and with said receptacle and adapted to move said receptacle into position to discharge into the conveying means, a brake drum, a speed gear interposed between said axle and said brake drum and adapted to be controlled by said axle and to rotate said brake drum at a high speed, and a brake operatively connected with said levers and adapted to be applied on the brake drum by the weight of the fuel in the fire pot.

4. In an automatic 'furnace apparatus, a fire pot adapted to contain fuel, movable leversadapted to su port said fire pot, an adjustable spring a apted to act on said levers to urge said fire pot in an upper position, a movable receptacle for storing fuel, means adapted to cooperate with said receptacle for conve ing said fuel from the receptacle to the fi re pot, power means adapted to move said receptacle into position to discharge into the conve i'ng means, and means operatively connec with said levers and adapted to control said power means in response to the weight of the fuel in the fire pot.

5. In an'automatic furnace apparatus for maintaining in a room a temperature comprised between predetermined upper and lower limits, a fire pot adapted to contain fuel, movable levers adapted to support said fire pot, a spring adapted to act with one of its ends on said levers pot in an u per position, 'a' movable member on whic the other end of said spring is attached, means adapted to move said member in one direction so as to increase the tension of said spring and in the opposite direction so as to decrease the tension of said spring respectively for said predeterto urge said fire i mined lower and up r limits of temperature,

a movable-receptac e for storing fuel, means adapted to 000 rate with said receptacle for conveying sai fuel from the receptacle to the fire pot, power means ada ted to move said-receptacle into position to ischarge into the conve means, and means operatively connec with said levers and adapted to control said. power means in response to the weight of the fuel in the fire pot.

6. In an automatic furnace apparatus for maintaining in a room a tem rature oomrised between predetermin upper and ower limits, a fire pot adapted to contain fuel, movable levers adapted tosupport said fire pot, a spring adapted to act with one of its ends on said levers to urge said fire pot in an upper position, a movable member on which the other end of said spring is attached, a movable receptacle for storing fuel, means adapted to cooperate with said receptacle for conveying said fuel from the receptacle to the fire pot, power means adapted to move said receptacle into position to dischar e into the conveying means, means operative y connect- ,ed with said levers and adapted to control said power means in response to the weight of the fuel in the fire pot, a movable arm adapted to be moved in one direction for an increasing temperature and in the opposite direction for a decreasing temperature, a shaft adapted to be rotated by said power means, two gear wheels with clutch members loosely mounted on said shaft, a sleeve operatively connected with said movable arm and carrying clutch members adapted to rotate with said shaft and to slide along said shaft between said two gear wheels so as to engage one of the two gear wheels respectively ,for said predetermined lower and u per limits of temperature, a third gear w eel adapted to eng constantly the two first mentioned gear w eels and means operatively connecting said third gear wheel with said movable member to which said sprin isattached.

7 ii an automatic furnace apparatus a fire pot adapted to contain fuel, movable levers connected together and adapted to support said fire pot, yielding means adapted to act on said levers to urge said fire pot in an upper position, a movible receptacle for storing fuel, a stationary conveyor passin through the bottom of said receptacle an adapted to guide said receptacle and to convey said fuel by gravity from the receptacle to the fire pot, wer means ada -to move said receptacle into position to discharge into the conveyor and means operatively connect- -ed with said levers and adapted to control said power means in response to the weight of the fuel in the fire. pot.

8. In an automatic furnace apparatus. a fire pot adapted to contain fuel, movable levers connected together and adapted to support said fire pot, yielding means adapted to act on said levers to urge said fire pot in an upper position, a movable receptacle for storing fuel, a stationary conveyor passing through the bottom of said receptacle and adapted to guide said receptacle and to convey said fuel by gravity from the receptacle to the fire pot, power means adapted to move said receptacle into position to dlscharge into the conveyor, means operatively connected with said levers and adapted to control said power means in response to the weight of the fuel in the fire pot, and a cover for said receptacle adapted to remain on the same level and to cause the fuel. to drop regularly into the conveying means.

9. In an automatic furnace apparatus, a fire pot adapted to contain fuel, movable levers connected together and adapted to support said fire pot, yielding means adapted to act on said levers to urge said fire pot in an upper position, a movable receptacle for storing fuel, a stationary conveyor passing through the bottom of said receptacle and adapted to guide said receptacle and to convey said fuel by gravity from the receptacle to the fire pot, power means adapted to move said receptacle into position to discharge into the conveyor, means operatively connected with said levers and adapted to control said power means in response to the weight of the fuel in the fire pot, a rotatable cover for said receptacle adapted to remain on the same level, means" adapted to be operated by said power means and to rotate said cover and ribs pro'ecting into said receptacle and adapted y their eccentric position on said cover to displace thecoal towards the conveying means. 4

10. In an automatic furnace apparatus, a fire pot with a grate adapted to contain fuel, movable levers connected together and adapted to support said fire pot, yielding means adapted to act on said levers to urge said fire pot in an upper position, a movable receptacle for storin fuel, means adapted to coo rate with sai receptacle for conveying said fuel from the receptacle to the fire pot, power means adapted to move said receptacle into position to discharge into. the conveying means, means operatively connected with said levers and adapted to control said power means in response to the weight of the fuel in the fire pot, a movable bar, projecting parts carried by said bar and adapted to engage through said grate and means adapted to be controlled by said power means and to reciprocate said projecting parts through the grate. 4

11. In an automatic furnace apparatus, a fire pot with a grate adapted to contain fuel, movable levers connected together and adapted to support said fire pot, yielding I means adapted to act on said levers to urge said fire pot in an upper position, a movable receptacle for storing fuel, means adapted to cooperate with said receptacle for conveying said fuel from the receptacle to the fire pot,'power means adapted to move said receptacle into position to discharge into the conveying means, means operatively connected with said levers and adapted to control said power means in response to the weight of the fuel in the fire pot, a movable bar, projecting parts carried by said bar and adapted to engage through said grate, a sliding rod adapted to carry said bar, a spring adapted to draw on said rod to urge said bar with said projecting parts towards the grate, a nose on said rod and a member carrying push pieces adapted to be rotated by said power means and to engage intermittently said nose, whereby the bar is given a rocking motion.

12. In an automatic furnace apparatus, a fire pot with a grate adapted to contain fuel, movable levers connected together and adapted to support said fire pot, yielding means adapted to act on said levers to urge said fire pot in an upper position, a movable receptacle for storing fuel, means adapted tocooperate with said receptacle for conveying said fuel from the receptacle to the fire pot, power means adapted to move said receptacle intg position to discharge into the conveying means, means operatively connected with said levers and adapted to control said power means in response to the weight of the fuel in the fire pot, a movable bar, projecting parts carried by said bar and adapted to engage through said grate, a sliding rod adapted to carry said bar, a spring attached on one side to said rod and adapted to draw on said rod to urge said bar with said rejecting parts towards the grate, a mova 1e member on which the other end of said spring is attached, means adapted to move said member in one direction so as to increase the tension of said s ring and in the opposite direction so as to ecrease the tension of said spring, a nose on said rod and a member carrying push-pieces adapted to be rotated by said power means and to engage intermittently said nose, whereby the bar is given a rocking motion.

13. In an, automatic furnace apparatus for maintaining in a room a temperature comprised between predtermined upper and lower limits, a fire pot with a grate adapted to contain fuel, movable levers adapted to support said fire pot, afirst spring adapted to act with on'e of its ends on said levers to urge said fire pot in an upper position, a movable bar, projecting parts carried by said bar and adapted to engage through the grate, a sliding rod adapted to carry said bar, a second sprin adapted to draw with one of its ends on said rod to urge said bar with said projecting parts towards the grate, a movable member on which are attached the other into position to ends of the first and second springs, means adapted to move said member in one direction so as to increase the tension of said springs and in the opposite direction so as to decrease the tension of said springs respectively for said predetermined lower and upper limits of temperature, a movable receptacle for storing fuel, means adapted to cooperate with said receptacle for conveying said fuel from the receptacle to the fire pot, power means adagstced to move said receptacle harge into the conveying means, means operatively connected with said levers and adapted to control said power means in response to the weight of the fuel in the fire pot, a nose on said rod and a member carrying push-pieces adapted to be rotated by said power means and to engage intermittently said nose, whereby the bar is given a rocking motion.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

Roses MARCEL ANDRE.