US1711083A

US1711083A - Process of making wrenches

Info

Publication number: US1711083A
Application number: US255612A
Authority: US
Inventors: Alphonse O Brungardt
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1928-02-20
Filing date: 1928-02-20
Publication date: 1929-04-30
Anticipated expiration: 1946-04-30

Description

April 1929- A. o. BRUNGARDT 1,711,083

April 30, 1929 A. o. BRUNGARDT 1,711,083

PROCESS OF MAKING WRENCHES Filed Feb. 20, 192 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 i 8 I 1230 I3 I jiffy.

Patented Apr. 30, 1929.

UNITED STATES ALPHONSE 0. BBUNGABD T, OF SGITUATE, MASSACHUSETTS.

PROCESS OI MAKING WRENCHES.

Application filed February20, 1828. Serial No. 255,612.

This invention relates to a process of making wrenches, such, for example, as plpe wrenches sometimes known as Stillsons and monkey wrenches, and more particularly to the formation of the bar or handle and frame or housing of wrenches intended for particularly hard service and therefore requiring exceptional strength.

An object of the invention is to provide a process by which the wrench bar or handie and the frame or housing may be formed integral by forging, and by which the Jaw channel and nut window can be formed in the frame or housing by successive operations.

It is common practice to form the bar or handle and frame or housing of a wrench in one piece by castin Such wrenches have only the strength 0 cast material which requires that the wrench be made in larger sections to equal the strength of forged wrenches. Consequently, cast wrenches in order that they may approach the strength of forged wrenches, are heavier and unwieldy in use. Cast wrenches require steel bits or jaws, since teeth of sufficient strength and hardness cannot be made from cast material. Attempts have also been made to form the blanks comprising the handle or bar and integral frame or housing-b forging, after which the jaw channel has een made by drilling and broaching the frame or housing. The drilling and broaching operations are very expensive and make the cost of the wrenches prohibitive.

With In process the wrench handle or bar and t e frame or housing thereof are formed integral b forging, and the jaw channel is provide in the frame or housing by a forging operation known as piercing. The nut window which may be partially sunk in previous operations is completed by punching. Thus the bar or handle and frame or housing may'be formedof high carbon or alloy steel. Such steels have sufficient strength to withstand the severest sort of service. Such steels'also lend themselves to heat treatments so that teeth can be cut in the bar or handle, eliminating the necessity of providing separate bits or jaws.

The process 'hereindescribed permits the manufacture, of the bars and frames for different types of wrenches, such, for example, as pipe wrenches of the Stillson type having a tapered jaw channel, and the monkey wrench type with a jaw channel having parallel sides. y

The invention will be more fully understood from the following description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings and the novel features thereof will be pointed out and clearly defined in the claims'at the close of this specification.

In said drawings:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a forged bar or handle and integral frame or housing of a pipe wrench of the Stillson type formed in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 2 shows the first step of my for 'ng process, by which the construction of Fig 1 is produced.

Fig. 3 is afragmentary elevation of the wrench bar and frame after the operation of piercing to provide the channel in the frame.

Fig. 4 is a plan view illustrating the step of piercing the frame to provide the longitudinal channel.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary perspective view of the wrench handle of the preceding figures after the frame has been punched to form the window.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view, part1. in

section, illustrating the process of punc ing out the window. 7

1 Figs. 7 to 12, inclusive, are corresponding figures, illustrating the same steps of my process when used to form the bar and frame of a monkey wrench.

a Before explaining in detail the resent in-,

vention, and the method or mode 0 operation embodied therein, it is to be understood that i the invention is not limited in its a plication to the detailso'f construction an ment of parts illustrated in the accompanying drawings, since the invention is capable of other embodiments and of being ractised or carried out in various ways. lso it is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation, and it is not intended to limit the invention beyond the terms of the several claims hereto appended or the requirements of the prior art.

Referring now to the drawings, 10 desig nates as a whole the forging, comprising an integral bar or handle and frame orhousing of a Stillson type wrench formed in accordarrangeance with the invention, the bar or handle being shown at 11 and the integral frame or housing at 12. In Fig. 2there is illustrated the first step of the process of forming the wrench bar and frame. In this figure portions of a drop or steam hammer press are shown, there being a base 20 having a lower die member 21 and a reciprocating head 22 carrying a cooperating upper die member 23. The wrench bar and frame is shown in place between the cooperating die members. During this first operation I sink the window of .the frame for a portion of its depth, as shown pierces the channel 14 in the frame, which is in general rectangular in cross section and tapered (Fig. 3) the channel being wider at the upper end of the frame than at the lower or heel portion thereof.

After the piercing op ration has been completed, the bar or han e is transferred to a punch press having a base 30 and a reciprocating punch head 31 carrying a punch 32 corresponding in form to the outline of the depression 13 which defines the window, and adapted to cooperate with the opening 30 It will be noted that the base or die member 30 is provided with a depression or recess 30* adapted to receive the ear or projection 15 formed at one side of the depression 13 of the frame when the handle and. frame are placed in position thereupon as shown in Fig.

6; B providingthe recess 3O the frame may e accurately positioned to cause the depression 13 thereof to register with the opening 30. The punch 32 is then operated to punch out the metal between the depressions 13 to form the window 16 (Fig. 5).

The window is preferably provided with opposed convex walls 16 which serve as hearing surfaces for the jaw nut of a complete or assembled wrench of the Stillson type,

wherein the movable jaw is permitted to rock member used to pierce the channel in the frame 120 has parallel sides, rather than a tapered punch as employed in making the Stillson.

In Fig. 8 portions of a drop or steam han1- mer press for forming the bar and frame of Fig. 7 are shown. The press comprises a baseor fixed member 200, provided with a die member 210 and a reciprocating head 220 carrying a cooperating die member 230: The bar and frame of the monkey wrench are formed in the same manner as in the case of the Stillson wrench. During the first operation, namely, that illustrated in Fig. 8, the depressions 130 are formed in the frame, the outline of said depressions representing the outline of the window to be formed subsequently in the frame.

After com leting the initial step of the process, the ar is removed from the press and transferred to a forging machine, where it is held in a vertical position between gripping or holding dies, such, for example, as the

dies

240 and 250, mounted upon a base or support 260 (Fig. 10). In this figure a punch 270, with parallel sides, is shown which is adapted to pierce the longitudinal channel 140 in the frame, thus producing a channel having parallel sides, as best shown in Fig. 9.

After the piercing operation has been completed, the bar is removed from the press and transferred to a suitable punching apparatus (Fig. 12). This apparatus com prises preferably a base 300 provided with an opening 300, and a guide rib or projection 300 of a shape adapted to conform to the shape of and receive and support the frame portion120 of the bar. Thus it will be seen that the rib serves as centering means for the frame and that the depressions 130 therein will be caused to register with the opening 300". The ap aratus also includes a reciprocable punch ead 310 carrying a punch 320 corresponding in shape to the depressions 130, which, when the frame is in position, is lowered to punch out the metal etween said depressions and form the window 1 (Fig. 11). This window is preferabl rectangular.

I rom the foregoing it will be seen that I have provided a process whereby the bar or handle and the frame or housing may be made integrally from carbon or alloy steel at a low production cost.

' I claim:

1. The hereindescrlbed process of making wrenches having a bar or handle, and a frame or housihg forged integrally therewith, said frame or ousing having a channel and window interce ting one another, which consists in forging the bar and frame in a single operation and by separate operations piercing a channel in said frame and punching out the channel-intercepting window in the frame.

2. The hereindescribed process of making wrenches having a bar or handle, and a frame or housing forged integrally therewith, said frame or housing having a channel and window interce ting one another, which consists 5 in forging t e bar and frame, and sinking a window'in said :frame a rtion of the frame depth in a single operation and by separate operations piercing a channel in said frame, and punching out to the full depth of the frame the channel-intercepting window 0 therein.

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature.

ALPHONSE o. BRUNGARDT.