US1710375A - Method and apparatus for making paper - Google Patents

Description

April 23, 1929 G. A. MOURLAQUE METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING PAPER Filed Oct. 4, ,1927

Patented Apr. 23, 1929. y

ee'sron AMEDEE MO-URLAQUE, or PARIS, FRANCE.

'. I METHOD AND ArPABATUs FOR MAKING PAPER.

Application filed-October 4, 1927, Serial a... 223,972; and in France August 22, 1927.

My invention relates to an apparatus and a method utilized in the manutactureo't paper dough.

Up to the present time vegetable matter has generally been treated with a soda or bisulfite of soda wash in cylindrical or spheri cal boilers heated by the circulation of steam "from a separate generator necessitating numerous expenses in both labor and material and namely high expense'in the purchasing of chemical products for the preparation of lixi'viums.v a r 1A further expense is incurred in-the nec-' essary evaporating ovens for the recovery of the residuary lixiviums as much as possible. The present invention has for an object a boiler arrangement with an interior hearth for transforming vegetable matter into paper dough by oxidation with ozone and lixiviation by means of thevegetable matter cin ders." This arrangement'has the advantage of eliminating the numerous'pieces of appa-' ratus heretofore mentionedas well as the manual labor connected therewith. Further advantages of the arrangement are :the re covery by evaporation and calcination in the said hearth of the residuary lixiviums, the recovery of the cinders of the vegetable matter which serves as a combustible for the preparation of the'lixiviums, the Washing and bleaching of the paste once the heating process is terminated without dangerous manipulation as well as the dehydration in said hearthot the necessarylimestone for the caustification of the. carbonate o't'potas' sium obtained from saidcinders in order to liberate the alkali. r

The accompanying drawing shows a perspective view otmy apparatus with parts broken away to show the interior.

My apparatus comprises a casing-0t sheet steel A. Said casing forms in eltect a sort of boiler and is provided on the interior with afirebox C formed of a sheet metal member'H and a. header I L, The remainingportion of the interior of said casing A provides a steam and water space B.

Firetubes Hare connected tosaid header and. communicate with a stack 0 provided with a damper O passing throughfithe steam and water space B. a

In the space B is adapted to slide a basket B. ofopen constructionand mounted on rails I by means of rollers I disposed on the top of the firebox C.

Disposed Within the firebox (Dis a" grate G beneath which is placed a-rotary shaker Q for causing the cinderstheretrom to drop into a sitter E fixed beneath the apparatus.

At the bottom of thespace B is provided an outlet D provided with a valve D for allowing the residuary lixiviumsgiven off by the G only part of which is shown. Communi-- eating with the space B is. also a feed water pipe'N provicledwith a valve N. I

I The fire box is provided with a door R for obtaining access thereto and inj ectors P -tor projecting the residuary-water 0f the heating process by atomization. The water is transformed intostcam and escapesby stack 0 thereby accelerating "the draft therein.

The solid material decomposed from the vegetable matter such as 'vasculose, pectose and the like is calcinated' and transformed into cinders and becomes added tothose of the hearth. Thepotash is likewise recovered andis mixed with the cinders for the preparation of other lixiviums.

The manner of operating my apparatus and the chemical process performed thereby is as follows:

lhe basket B is firstfilled with vegetable matter previously cut into small pieces and then introduced into the space B of easing A.

Door F is then sealed hern'ietically by means of its-pressure screws F and water is introduced into th'e's'pace B through the inlet pipe N until the vegetablematter to be treat- 1,710,325 PATENT OFFICE.

ed in basket Bf is covered. The vegetable v I matter is allowed to soak in the water foiabout an hour until well inbibed after which thewater is withdrawn from the space B by means of the outlet D.

Previously ozonized air of a suitable'fconcentration is then introduced into the space B at a pressure of from 3 to 4 atmospheres for a periodof about two hours according to the character oft-he'vegetable matter being treated and the degree of oxidization desired,

Since ozone .has the property of oxidizing to a degree 410 times as great as that of chlorine and to resini'ty without attacking the socalled cellulose, it follows that the inerustatious materials of the vegetable matter will be easily dissolved in the lixiviums of potassium under pressure.

The ozone is then evacuated from the space B after which it is filled with a lixivium oil potassium previously prepared to the proper degrees Baume according to the vegetable matter under treatment and the paste to be obtained by lixiviation oit the c inders of the vegetable matter after having served as a combustible. The carbonate o l-Y potassium thus obtained will be subsequently icaustified when quicklime is added in suitable proportions which is obtained as previously mentioned .by dehydrating limestone in the the box C during roasting of :the vegetable matter.

The fire is then lighted in the firebox and the pressure in space E is then gradually brought up to from 3 to 8 kilograms which pressure is held during-the time necessary to treat the vegetable matter and obtain the quality of paste desired.

After the roasting has terminated the pressureis reduced byopeningithe escape valve L,

on the dome-L.

After the steam has all escaped the space 13 is again. filled with ordinary water for washing and cooling the paste obtained. If it is desired to bleach thepaste before its re moval, the space I) is filled with a suitable bleaching agent under pressure, such as, chlorine, ozone, hypoclrlorite-or the like, after which, if the agent used is of a gaseous nature it is allowed toescape through escape valve L, or by running :water through the space E by means of inlet N and outlet D it the agent isof a liquid nature.

The errier-aliens above (Inscribed produce a slightly dark paper paste but sufiiciently bleached it the bleaching process above de scribed has been carried out in the apparatus.

The paste thus obtained is suitable for the manufacture of wrapping paper, printing paper or even papero fthe finer grades which is formed into sheets by any otthe processes known in the art. I

During the heatingprocess-above described the injector P may be .operated for recovering the residuany lixiviums .of the different operations described. Also during said heating operation limestone i'or dehydration is introduced into the firebox (l by means of the door R, which lime is used for the purpose above mentioned.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire {to secure by Letters Patent is v 1. The methodof obtaining va ,paper paste from vegetable substances, which comprises, soa ing a quanti y o veg tabl matter i water, withdrawing said water, treating said vegetable matter with ozone, subsequently treating said vegetable matter with a lixivium of potassium, adding quickliine to the said vegetable matter, heating said vegetable matter and allowingit .to be subjected to pressure and washing and bleaching the'paste thus formed, said lixivium of potassium being prepared from the ashes of the combustible used in heating said'vegetable matter.

2. The method of obtaining a paper paste from vegetable substances, which comprises, soaking a quantity of vegetable matter in water, ithdrawing said water, treating said vegetable matter with ozone, subsequently treating said vegetable matter with a liXivium of potassium, adding .quickline to the said vegetable matter, heating said vegetable matter and allowing it to be subjected .to the pressure generated thereby and washing and bleaching the paste thus obtained, said 1iXi-' vium'oit potassium being prepared from the ashes of the combustible used in heating said vegetable matter and said quickli-me being obtained by dehydrating limestonesby said combustible.

A method according .to claim 1 in which the said operations are all carried out within @the limits of a single casing.

4. A method according to claim :2 the said operations are all carried the limits of a singlecasing.

5. The method of obtaining a'paper paste from vegetable substances, which comprises, soaking a quantity of vegetable matter in water, witlidrawingsaid water, treating said vegetable matter with ozone, subsequently treating said vegetable matter with a lixivium of potassium, adding iquicklime to the said vegetable matter, heating said vegetable mat ter and allowing it to be subjected .to :the pressure generated thereby, washing the paste'thus obtained,:bl-eaching said paste, said lixivium of potassium being prepared from the ashes of the combustible used in heating said vegetable matter and recovering the residuary lixiviums 01 the combustible by evaporation and calcination.

6. The methodot obtaining a paper paste in which soaking aquantity of vegetable matter in out within vwater, withdrawing said water, treating said vegetable matter with ozone, subsequently treatm said ve etable matter Wltlltt'llXIVlUlll oi? potassium, adding 'quicklime to the said vegetable matter, heating said vegetable matter and allowing it to be subjected to the pressure generated thereby, washing :thcpaste thus obtained, bleaching said paste, said lixivium of potassium being prepared from the ashes of the combustible used in' heating said vegetable matter and recover ng the residual-y lixiviums of the combustible by evaporation and calcination, the said calcinatmgprocess furnlshmgthe said qu ckl me.

7 An apparatus for obtaining paper paste comprising in combination, a casing, a firebox in said casing, firetubes associated with said firebox, a steam and Water space surrounding said firebox and said firetubes, an inlet pipe "for said steam and water space, an outlet pipe for said steam and water space, a steam dome associated with said steam and Water space,

a steam exhaust connected to said steamdome, a hermetically sealed door for said steam and water space and means for introducing vegetable matter for treatment into said steam and Water space for the purpose described.

8. An apparatus according to claim 7, in

1 which said means comprises a wire basket mounted on rollers sliding on rails provided in said steam and Water space.

9. Anapparatus according to claim 7', in

which said firebox is provided with a grate, a shaker beneath said grate and a seive beneath said shaker for recovering the cinders of said

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