US1709962A - best available copv - Google Patents

Description

April 23, 1929.

E. B. THURSTON ELEVATOR CONTROL SYSTEM Filed May 8, 1922 llllll All;

AAAAA AAAAA 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Apr. 23, 1929.

UNITED STATES ERNEST B. THURSTON, OF TOLEDO, OHIO,

PATENT omcr.

ASSIGNOR TO THE HAUGHTON ELEVATOR & MACHINE CO., OF TOLEDO, OHIO, A CORPORATION "OF OHIO,

ELEVATOR-CONTROL SYSTEM. 7,

Application filed May 8;

5 switches for elevators and different features of acceleration such as multi-speed motor elevators. \Vith three units as herein disclosed a two speed motor is controlled for operation in either of two directions at such two speeds 1 with different acceleration for each speed.

Referring to the drawings: Fig. l is a wiring diagram of the apparatus; and Fig. is an across-the-line analysis of the control features of the devices, the reference characters in parenthesis indicating the operator for the switch adjacent which said parenthesis reference character is placed.

111 a building or structure. elevator shaft 1 is shown as provided with landings 2, past 20 which elevatorcar 3 may travel as carried by cable 4 about drum 5 thence over idler 6 to counterweight 7. Power for actuating this elevator car 3 is supplied byxan alternating current motor 8 on shaft 9 having safety speed controller or flyball governor 10. Also on this shaft 9 is brake drum 11. This shaft 9'has worm 12 in mesh with worm wheel13 on shaft 14 for effecting driving of the elevator car 3 through the drum 5 and the cable 4.

In the elevator car 3 is controller 15. Assuming the direction throw of the controller is for up direction of travel such may have the handle of the controller 15 thrown to the left. ln the first position before such throw a coni-ifi tact 16 is connected with terminal 17 from which extends line 18 past car door interlock switch 19 and thence by line 20 to emergency switch 21. Line 22 from this switch 21 in the elevator car 3 extends to lower over-travel 4 switch 23. thence by line 24 to upper overtravel switch 25, thence by line 26 to normally closed switch 27 as controlled by the speed governor It). From this switch 27 extends lino J8 to landing door interlocks 29. thence by 45 line. 330 to main power supply line 31.

Remote from the contact 16 this controller 15 has contact 32 in central or off position connected with terminal 33. from which extends line $34 to upper stop limit switch 35 to line 50 fit. to the lower ovcrtravcl switch 23. thence bv line 37 to the upper over-travel limit switch to line 38 extending to main power supply line 39.

1922. Serial 1105559172.

up direction travel of th e car 3, the contact 16 comes to terminal 40 connected by line 41 to direction switch motor or rotating magnetic fieldmagnet 42 where it connects with field winding 43. This wix'iding43 of a Y field winding 'is in'commun'ication with winding 44 from which extends line 45 connected to power supply line 51; For power supply to the brake there is branch from line 58 to resistance 4G. thence by line47 to coil 48 as: anelectromagnet winding, which a s'ene'rgized: releases brake shoes 49 from the drumll. Thes'e brake shoes 49 are normally held against the'brake drum 11 by a compression spring. The circuit from this coil 48 extends by way of, line 50 to power supply main line 51. A'ccordingly, at this first shifted position of the controller 15, one phase of current is supplied to thedireetion' switch operating motor 42:and various safety devices as to'the contact'1 6.

As controller 15 the contact 16 to the terminal 40; the contact 32fis brought to terminal 52 from which extendsline 53 to winding the motor 42. This winding54 is connected between-the: windings 43, 44. The directionfswitch 42 is accoi'dinglvenergized for. rotating sha ft 55 carrying cam 56, effective for throwing up di rection switch 57 to connect the power supply main line 31 with powersupply line 58, extending through fixed resistance 59 to line 61 in con'nnunication with winding 62 of Y field winding for the motor 8. This up dircction'switch 57 in closing, also connects an additional phase, for from the power supply line 39 there is connection to line 63 extending through interlock 64 on a high speed main switch control. Thisinterlock 64 is closed at this period of starting froinrest. Fromthis interlock 64 extends line 65 to slow speed switch'operating motor 66. This line 65 is in communication with Y field winding 67 of this motor (36. This winding 67 is connected through winding 68 with line 69 connected to the line 45. Between these windings 67, 68, this motor 66 has its third winding 70 connected to .extcnd by way of line 71 to line 58 back of the direction switch.

The closing of the up direction switch 57 efi'ects connection from the power supply line 39 to lines 63, 72. to resistance 73, thence by line 74 to second magnet coil 75 effective in conjunction with the magnet coil 48 for releasing the brake shoes 49. This magnet coil is connected to the line 50. The motor shaft. 9 of'then'ibtor's is "accordingly as the direction mtitoi' 42 is energized and as the slow speed switch motor 66 is alsoc'n'en gized.

This slow speed motor 66 has shaft 76 carrying pinion 77 in mesh with gear wheel 78 for two to one speed driving at shaft 79 carrying cam 80 operable for throwing in 1 1' .i J. slow speed main switch 81,"thei"eby connecting power line 82 from the line with power line 83 extending toacc'elei' a'tion' resistance 81, I permanent resistance 85, thence 'by l ne 86 I to field wvinaing'm-ardeflectors connected celeration switch 94 servingtoton nect the "1 line 83 with'line'95 fo'r cuttin -out resistance 84 and al sqconnectiii'g the l ine 88 with l i ne 9G fo'r cutting o'ut a'cceleiatio n re s istalncefiti. Accordin ly, ata 'biif "tiiiie'interval determined liy the positions of the cams BO, 93, on the shaft 79, there isa'cutting out the starting resistances 84;89 fromthe windings (32, 87, 92, 0fthe"inotor This operation leaves p'ernianent resistances 59, 90.311 the slow'speed windings of tli is'niotor 8 Thepermanent resistance in' the low speed circuit is of utilityjas an 'aiit'omatie cushioning means when the motor'is slowed down for stopping. Thiscushio'niiig' by the permanent'resistanee may be determined for the conditions of the job at the time of installation andis of special commercial value in adapting motors to such' specitic conditions. Further shifting of the controller 15 from this slow speed operation toward high speed operation brings the contact 16 to terminal 97 in eomniunic'ation'by way of line 98 extending to high speed switch operating motor of rotating field electromagnet 99. This line 98 extends to Y' winding 109 connected with winding 101 extending to the line 915/ Simultaneously'with the shifting of the. contact 16 to the left. the l JX-TO-I contact 32 is shifted to the right to terminal 102connected by wayof line' 103 to normallv closed upper slow down switch 104. This switch 104: is 10- cated about'ten or twelve feet short of the upperifioor to which the elevator car 3 is allowed to travel. Thisdistance depends upon the speed at which the car is intended to travel. This precludes running into the upspeed acceleration actuating device 99 has shaft L 10? carrying pinion 108 in mesh with gear 109 for reduced speeddrivin of shaft 110'. This speed reduction for these main liig l i and h iglr peed acceleration switches is twoto'one; as'is the instance from the slow speed accelerationdevice 66. This shaft 110 carrics cam 111 which, in the first period of operation of this .operating device 99, .is effective for throwing main high speed switch 112. This movementserves to shift-switch.

61 toJde-energize the ;low speed switchoperat ng motor 6G ,and automatically return such. switch to otfposition. This. throwing.

of the switch 112 is effective .to connect. the

power line ,63 .from the direction switch 57 motor t5, and also connects the power line 51 through branch 115;to switch 112-and is there connected to line 116 extending to high speed winding 117 at the motor 8.

The up direction switch 57 thrown in con nects the power line 31 to power line 58. From this power line 58 is branch power line .118 to high speed winding 119 at the motor 8.v These high speed windings 114, 117, 119. at

the motorg arein .Yiform andthe junction of the Y is brought out for the acceleration re- ,sistances, Line 119' from the winding 114- extends through resistances 120.= 12L to the junction. Windingll? has-its line brought out by line-122 to acceleration resistances 123, 121. The.t'hird winding 119 has its connection brought out by way of line-125 through resistances 126,; 127. These resistances in these windings 114. 117,119. in high speed operation of the motorS, are in 01111111'1111110111 1011 through connection 128.

' The continuedoperation of this operating device 99, right after the throwing of the cam 111 in closing the switch112. causes cam 129 to throw switch 130. Between resistances 129. 121. is line .111 extending to the switch 130. while bet ween resistance 123. 124'. is line 192 also extending to theswitch 1510. According ly in t-his throwing of the switch 130 these lines 131. 132. are simultaneously connected by the line. 133 between the resistances 126. 127. There is accordingly by this action an automatic cutting out of resistances 121. 124. 1211 in the acceleration or starting of this motor 8 on this high speed.

A still further angle of travel effected by the driving device 99 of the shatt 110, iii rolling the cam 134. operates switch 135 after the operation of the switch 15 This operation of the switch 135 serves to connect lines 119. 122. 125. so that the resistances 120. 123. and 126 are now cut out.

In the operation of the slow speed main switch and its acceleration cutout by the driv-- to line 113,10 high speed winding .1141 at the ing device 66 there is but one set of resistances cut out, while in this operation of the high speed driving devieeg99 there is not only throwing'inof switch but two sets of resistances are out out.

In shifting the controller 15 for downward travel, it is thrown'ina direction opposite to that heretofore described, and through such opposite throwing 'closesdown d rection switch 143, with sequences of operation similar to those for-upwardtravel.

When'the elevator i's travelling at high speed, the controllerllfi is ,moved to low speed position, the motor 99 will-,be de-energized and the shaft 110' will return by gravity to its normal position. In .doing so, the

switches 135,13Qand 112 will be successively opened,th'us cutting in the corresponding resistances'beforeth'e speed circuit is cut out. In opening theswitcli 112, the switch interlock 64 will be closed,,energiz ing the low speed circuit. Then, i nsequence,theswitch 81 is operabletoicut'outlthe resistances 84 and 89, leavingthe'pe rmarient resistances 59, 85 and in. Such a sequence of-operation is especially desirable. when stopping before the motor hasreached its acceleration limit, as for example, in short-'traveldistance from one floor to the next 'floorx Under such conditio'ns, there isstill considerable torque in the motor whenitis desired to stop the car. Cutting in of the resistances before the high speed switch opens, -reduces'the accelerating torque and prevents a jerli vorb um'pwhen stopping. The operatormay, however, should he desire to do so, shiftjthe controller from high speed in 'one direction to higlispeed the other direction. 'Under s uchconditions, the current through the; windings of the motor,42 will be reversed, an d as soon as switch 57 is closed,the switch 143 is opened, or vice versa, and the current through high speed windings of the motor 8'will be reversed.

In the operation of the shaft 110 for throwing the plurality of switches, this shaft 110 carries disk 136 which has flexible connection 137 therefrom to we'ighted piston 138 reciprocable in dashpot 139 having leakage thereof adjustable by valve 140. Accordingly there is possible an adjustment of the retarding action as well as gravity action of the counterweight for resetting these switches afterthe motor 99is dcenergized. In the operation of this motor 99 a limit for travel is supplied by stop 141 carried by the disk 136 coaeting with fixed stop or abutment 142. Similar stopping means is provided for the shaft 79 of the main slow speed and acceloration switches as operated by the device 66.

Similar resetting devices are accordingly provided for the slow speed niain acceleration switches as provided for the high speed main and acceleration.

It is to be noted the construction herein disclosed is one of symmetrical and therefore substitutive form as to the form and elements of construction 01' the actuating devices for the switches and that as herein 15 is eltective in one direction of operation for energizing n otor 42 for one direction of rotation while the opposite direction of throw of the controller 15 energizes the motor for reverse direction of travel. The .re: maining connections are such as to be used also for this motor 42, and should there be on the line a reversal of phase a duplication of such reversal on the line does not bring about any confusion as to thcvcontrol and car direction, noras to the main and acceleration switch controlsequences. It is also apparent that if any phase of the current supply fails, due to a faulty connection, the controller will be rendered inoperative.

\Vhat is claimed and it is desired to secure by Letters Patent is 1-.

1. In an electric elevator installation, lnulti-speed electric motor means, a starting device for the high speed circuit of said means, switches controlling said means, and switch operating devices constructed to reinsert said starting device in the high speed circuit before said circuit is de-energized.

2. In an electric elevator installation, multi-speed electric motor means, a starting device for the high speed circuit of said means, switches controlling said means, switch operating devices constructed to reinsert said starting device in the high speed circuit before said circuit is deenergized. and means whereby the high speed circuit may be de-energized at the will of the operator without the reinsertion of the starting device.

3. In an electric elevator installation, an electric motor, main and direction switches for controlling the motor, a starting device adapted to be inserted in the motor circuit when starting the motor. means for reinserting said starting device in said motor circuit before said circuit is de-energized. and means operable at the will of the operator to de-energize the motor circuit without the reinsertion of said starting device.

4. In an electric elevator installation. a polvphase n'iulti-sneed electric motor. polyphase primary windings therefor. a magnetic field energized by said wilidings. a starting device connected in one of the motor circuits. magnetic means controlling the operation of the starting device, and means for actuating said magnetic means to reinsert the-starting switches tocut-down the resistance when starting, means operable to reinsert. said rc sistorinthe highspeed-circuit before. said high speed circuit is de-energized, and means optionally operable to (lo-energize said high speed circuit Without rcinsertian of said resistor.

6. A control installation embodying power' current supply conductors, "acceleration switches, main anddirectionswitches for cutting;- out thc= power current supply, said direction switches being'operable for cutting out said supply in advance of opening of the acceleration switches, power devices for actuating said switches, one of said devices being connected for operating the main and acceleration switches, polyphase alternating current supply for the latter device, and a controller rendered inoperative by failure of a-phase in said current supply.

7. A control-installation embodying power current supply conductors, acceleration switches, main and directional switches for cutting out the power-current supply, said direction switches being operable for cutting out said supply in advance. of opening of the acceleration switches, power devices for actuating said switches, oneof said devices being connected for operatingthe main and acceleration switches, polyphase alternating current.supplyfor the 'lattcrdevice, a eontrollertrcndered inoperative by failure of a phase in said current, supply, and resetting means for the. main and accelerating switch operating device.

8. A control installation embodying power current 'supply conductors, acceleration switches, main and direction switches for cutting out the power current supply, said direction switches being operable for cutting out said-supply in advance ol opening of the acceleration switches, power devices for actuating said switches, one of said devices lacing connected for operating the. main and acceleration switches, polvphase alternating current supply for the. latter device, a controller rendered inoperative by failure of a phase in said current supply, and resell in; means lor the devices operable autoniaticallv.

9. A reversible motor, alternating electric current. power supply therefor. acceleration means for the motor, acceleration switches for said acceleration n'icans. 'main switches, reversing switch means for the motor, a rotating field device for the reversing switch means, an additional rotating field device 'previouslyoperated.

as a single mechanicaloperator fona group of said main and acceleration switches, and control mechanism for operating the latter device in ditl'erent directions with ditl'erent direction operation" ofthe motor by said reversing switchineans device, I 4,

10. An 'alternatiiig current electric iiiotoi, low and high s vn'ehronoi'i s speed'windiii as 1 l I for the motor, direct-ion switch iieans, ac-

celeration means for'tlie low' synchronous,

speed windiiig, accclerati onswitch es for said acceleration means, a main sivitcli' a'rotating licld "device for" throwing Lt-211a" direction, switch means, a second rotating lield'devic e as a single mechanical operator 'for there of operation ot'the'latter device speed alternating current. electi ic'iiiotorem; 00

bodying two rotating lield ii'iagnet deviccs,, a

power line directlv to bot-l1devices,a setlof common axis ro'ckable mainand' acceleration switches for each device, connections between said devices and switches for cfiectmg operation oi oiie'set of switches bv one device and the other set. of said 'sw'itch 'es byg the" other'deviee, t woadditioi'ial power lines,'and

control mechanism effective through said two additional liiies for the 'second"de'vicc 0 whether or not tlie"first de -ice be thereby 12. A control" iiist al lation" for iiiultispeed alternating current electric motor ini i Y'. bodving three rotating field magnet de vices a power line' thereto; directly to said three devices. direction switch iiiean's op'erlible bj one of said devices, low speed main and ac; celcrati'on switches operalilediv a sccondidevice. high speed main and acceleration switches operable by third ilevice, two a dditional power lines for the' devices, and control mechanism for reversing said tw o latter lines forreversing two of said devices.

12}. An elevator cont-rol installation ein- 1 1 5 hodring a two speed iiiotoi 'n'io vide'dwith low and high speed windings, acceleration resistances for saittn'iiidii'igs iii'Series there with. two pole 'main and acceleration switches, a singlemechanicalpower driven switch operator for a set of iiia'in an d acceleration switches, and connections between the resistances'and switches coa'ctmg for cutting out the resistance, said conneetio ns effer-ting through the successive operation of a plurality of said independentacceleration switches a balanced resistance cut out for the high speed acceleration. I I

14. An elevator control installation e'ii1 bod ving a two speed motor provided with low and high speed Y windings, acceleration resistances for said windings in series therewith, two pole main, direction and acceleration switches, a single mechanical power driven switch operator, connections between the resistances and switches for permitting cutting out of the resistances, said connections effecting balanced out out for the high speed acceleration resistances, and including means momentarily cutting in the resistances before opening said main switch.

15. A control installation for a two-speed alternating current motor, comprising direction switches, main and accelerating switches for each speed, a reversible rotating field magnet device for the direction switches, a second such magnet device for operating the main and acceleration switches for low speed, and a third such magnet device for operatin g the main and acceleration switches for high speed, the actuation of said third device bcing elt'ective to release said second device.

16. An elevator control installation eniboijlving a two speed motor provided with high and low speed windings, acceleration resistance for said high speed windings, a high speed main switch, a low speed main switch, a direction switch, an acceleration resistance switch, a controller, and control connections for said switches which, when the controller is thrown from high speed to low speed position, momentarily cut in said acceleration resistance before opening said high speed main switch.

In witness whereof I afiix my signature.

ERNEST B. THURSTON.

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