US1709447A - Flotation agent and process of producing same - Google Patents
Flotation agent and process of producing same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1709447A US1709447A US691811A US69181124A US1709447A US 1709447 A US1709447 A US 1709447A US 691811 A US691811 A US 691811A US 69181124 A US69181124 A US 69181124A US 1709447 A US1709447 A US 1709447A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- alkali
- oil
- flotation
- petroleum
- agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 17
- 239000008396 flotation agent Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 21
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940057007 petroleum distillate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- MFEVGQHCNVXMER-UHFFFAOYSA-L 1,3,2$l^{2}-dioxaplumbetan-4-one Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-]C([O-])=O MFEVGQHCNVXMER-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241001092591 Flota Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001397173 Kali <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000003 Lead carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940116318 copper carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003311 flocculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009291 froth flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940056932 lead sulfide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052981 lead sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005120 petroleum cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010665 pine oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/012—Organic compounds containing sulfur
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/04—Frothers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; Specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
Definitions
- This invention involves improvements in processes of ore concentration and has particular reference to ore concentration by flotation.
- the powdered ore is usually mixed with water, such mixture being termed the pulp,and tQl-lllS pulp is added the flotation agent, consisting of an oil or oils, or a frothing agent or agents or both, and the pulp is then sub jected to agitation and aeration; for example, supra-aeration by air introduced from above by beating it into the pulp, or by subaeration by air introduced from below through aporous medium or otherwise.
- the result of this aeration is that the air bubbles coursing through the pulp gather up the metalllferous particles and carry them to the surface Where they form a froth.
- This froth may be readily floated over a lip or dam, and will thus carry the metalliferous particles away from the body of the liquid.
- a mineral acid such as sulfuric acid
- an alkali is usedin addition to the frothing agent, and these additional substances, acid or alkaline, act in some manner not clearly understood to modify the properties of the liquid or ore and to assist the flotation of the metalliferous mineral and to retard or prevent the flotation of the gangue.
- This invention relates specifically to the processes of producing, and the material so produced, for use in ore flotation.
- This invention relates more specifically to oils containing sulfur compounds, which mixtures I have found to have peculiar-and valuable coating, fiocculating, and froth or scum-forming properties.
- These lmproved flotation compounds may be obtained from crude petroleum, petroleum distillates, products from petroleum cracking processes, shale oils, shale oil distillates, gas and,wood tars, still gases, still residues, residues from treating petroleum or coal tar products, oxidized oils, and wood oils, by treating them as hereinafter described:
- this process may be carr ed out and the products obtained by treatmg a petroleum distill-ate obtained from the thermal decomposition of higher bOlllIlg etroleum hydro-carbons by the so-called cracking process.
- the cracked petroleum distillate is washed with an alkali, for
- the process may be carried out by the use of an alkali other than caustic soda, and the alkali treatment "5 may be made eitherpreceding or subsequent to an acid treatment, usually sulfuric acid, as carried out in petroleum refining.
- the oil so formed is'the improved flotation agent.
- the flotation agent of this invention possesses coating, 'flocculating and frOthing properties; for example, on a copper or lead sulfide no further additions of oils are necessary. These properties are evidenced in both acid and alkaline solutions.
- many oxidized ores, such as copper or lead carbonate may be floated by this oil without the addition of other oils or sulphidizing agents, such as sodium sulfide.
- sulphidizing agents such as sodium sulfide
- the quantity may be materially reduced when using this oil.
- frothing agents such as soaps, sulfidized pine oil, or other agents well known to the art.
- a coating oil such as petroleum, shale oil, or other coating agent known to the art.
- This invention may be used in conjunction with any of the well known or patented processes of ore concentration by froth flotation, either for the separation of the 7 metalliferous constituents of an ore from 5 the gan us, or for the separation of different metalli erous constituents from one another.-
- kali layer containing alkali-soluble constituents and a liquid layer containing alkaliinsoluble constituents, separating the layers from each other, neutralizing the alkali layer to cause an oily material to separate out, and segregating said oily material for-use as a flotation agent.
- a process of the character described which includes-washinga sulfurous petroleum distillate with a caustic soda solution, thus dividing the mixture into a liquid alkali layer containing alkali-soluble constit uents and a liquid layer containing alkali insoluble constituents, separating the two layers from each other, neutralizing the alkali layer to cause an oily material to separate out, and segregating said oily material for use as a flotation agent.
- a flotation material of the character described consisting of the oily material formed by neutralizing an alkali liquid layer produced by washing'a petroleum oil with an alkali solution.
- a flotation material of the character described consisting of the oily material formed by neutralizing an alkali liquid layer produced by washing a sulfurous petroleum oil with an alkali solution, said material having the sulfurous constituents of the oil concentrated therein.
Landscapes
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Patented Apr. 16, 1929. i
BUBNELL n. rumson, or ELIZABETH, NEW JERSEY.
FLQTATION AGENT AND PROCESS OF PRODUCING SAME.
No Drawing.
This invention involves improvements in processes of ore concentration and has particular reference to ore concentration by flotation. In these processes the powdered ore is usually mixed with water, such mixture being termed the pulp,and tQl-lllS pulp is added the flotation agent, consisting of an oil or oils, or a frothing agent or agents or both, and the pulp is then sub jected to agitation and aeration; for example, supra-aeration by air introduced from above by beating it into the pulp, or by subaeration by air introduced from below through aporous medium or otherwise. As is well known in the art, the result of this aeration is that the air bubbles coursing through the pulp gather up the metalllferous particles and carry them to the surface Where they form a froth. This froth may be readily floated over a lip or dam, and will thus carry the metalliferous particles away from the body of the liquid. In these processes a mineral acid, such as sulfuric acid, is in some instances used in addition to the frothing agent, and in other instances, an alkali is usedin addition to the frothing agent, and these additional substances, acid or alkaline, act in some manner not clearly understood to modify the properties of the liquid or ore and to assist the flotation of the metalliferous mineral and to retard or prevent the flotation of the gangue. This invention relates specifically to the processes of producing, and the material so produced, for use in ore flotation.
This invention relates more specifically to oils containing sulfur compounds, which mixtures I have found to have peculiar-and valuable coating, fiocculating, and froth or scum-forming properties. These lmproved flotation compounds may be obtained from crude petroleum, petroleum distillates, products from petroleum cracking processes, shale oils, shale oil distillates, gas and,wood tars, still gases, still residues, residues from treating petroleum or coal tar products, oxidized oils, and wood oils, by treating them as hereinafter described:
For example, this process may be carr ed out and the products obtained by treatmg a petroleum distill-ate obtained from the thermal decomposition of higher bOlllIlg etroleum hydro-carbons by the so-called cracking process. The cracked petroleum distillate is washed with an alkali, for
Application filed February 9, 1924. Serial No. 691,811.
example with 10% by volume of 18 B. caustic soda solution in a suitable agitator and the caustic soda solution collected from the bottom of' the agitator. This caustic solution is then treated with an acid, such as 66 B. sulfuric acid until the excess alkali is neutralized, and the oil so set free is allowed to collect as an upper layer n the container. It may be of advantage mstead of using fresh acid in the neutralizatlon of this caustic solution to use acid recovered lfrom a previous treatment of. petroleum hydro-carbons. This oil may be separated as indicated or may be extracted. from the solution by means of a suitable "0 solvent, such as benzol. The oil may then be separated by distilling off the benzol. It is understood that the process may be carried out by the use of an alkali other than caustic soda, and the alkali treatment "5 may be made eitherpreceding or subsequent to an acid treatment, usually sulfuric acid, as carried out in petroleum refining. The oil so formed is'the improved flotation agent. Unlike most oils, the flotation agent of this invention possesses coating, 'flocculating and frOthing properties; for example, on a copper or lead sulfide no further additions of oils are necessary. These properties are evidenced in both acid and alkaline solutions. Furthermore, many oxidized ores, such as copper or lead carbonate, may be floated by this oil without the addition of other oils or sulphidizing agents, such as sodium sulfide. If sulphidizing agents, such as sodium sulfide, are used, the quantity may be materially reduced when using this oil. In some cases, it. may be desirable to add frothing agents to the oil, such as soaps, sulfidized pine oil, or other agents well known to the art. At times, it is also of advantage to add to the oils of this invention a coating oil, such as petroleum, shale oil, or other coating agent known to the art.
This invention may be used in conjunction with any of the well known or patented processes of ore concentration by froth flotation, either for the separation of the 7 metalliferous constituents of an ore from 5 the gan us, or for the separation of different metalli erous constituents from one another.-
Having thus described my invention, I. claim:
1. A process 'of the character described,
thus dividing the mixture into a liquid al-,
kali layer containing alkali-soluble constituents and a liquid layer containing alkaliinsoluble constituents, separating the layers from each other, neutralizing the alkali layer to cause an oily material to separate out, and segregating said oily material for-use as a flotation agent. a
8. A process of the character described,
I which comprises washing a petroleum naphtion agent.
tha with an alkali solution, thus dividing the mixture into a liquid alkali layer contain ing alkali-soluble constituents and a liquid layer containing alkali-insoluble constitu-.
ents, separating the layers from each other, neutralizing the alkali layer to cause an oily materlal to separate out, and segregating said oily material for use as a flota:
4. A process of the character described, which includes-washinga sulfurous petroleum distillate with a caustic soda solution, thus dividing the mixture into a liquid alkali layer containing alkali-soluble constit uents and a liquid layer containing alkali insoluble constituents, separating the two layers from each other, neutralizing the alkali layer to cause an oily material to separate out, and segregating said oily material for use as a flotation agent.
5. The process of producing a material for use in ore flotation, which-comprises treating a petroleum naphtha with 18-2 B. gravity caustic soda solution, separating the alkali layer, adding 90-98% strength sulfuric acid to said alkali layer, and separating the oil so formed by extraction with a solvent.
6. The process of producing a material for use in ore flotation, which comprises treating a petroleum naphtha with 18-24 B. gravity caustic soda solution, separating the alkali layer, adding 90-98% strength sulfuric acid to said alkali layer, and separating the oil so formed by extraction with benzol.
7. The process of producing a material for use in o're flotation, which comprises treating a petroleum naphtha with 1824: B. gravitycaustic soda solution, separating the alkali layer, adding 9098% strength sulfuric acid to said alkali layer, and separating the oil so formed by extraction with benzol, then removing the benzol by distillation.
1 v8. A flotation material of the character described, consisting of the oily material formed by neutralizing an alkali liquid layer produced by washing'a petroleum oil with an alkali solution.
, 9. A flotation material of the character described, consisting of the oily material formed by neutralizing an alkali liquid layer produced by washing a sulfurous petroleum oil with an alkali solution, said material having the sulfurous constituents of the oil concentrated therein.
This specification signed this 27th day of August, 1928.
BURNELL R. TUNISON.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US691811A US1709447A (en) | 1924-02-09 | 1924-02-09 | Flotation agent and process of producing same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US691811A US1709447A (en) | 1924-02-09 | 1924-02-09 | Flotation agent and process of producing same |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1709447A true US1709447A (en) | 1929-04-16 |
Family
ID=24778073
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US691811A Expired - Lifetime US1709447A (en) | 1924-02-09 | 1924-02-09 | Flotation agent and process of producing same |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US1709447A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2693487A (en) * | 1948-01-30 | 1954-11-02 | Monsanto Chemicals | Monosulfonation of benzene |
US3675773A (en) * | 1969-08-06 | 1972-07-11 | Occidental Petroleum Corp | Flotation separation of glaserite from sodium chloride and other salts |
US4211644A (en) * | 1976-11-26 | 1980-07-08 | Pennwalt Corporation | Froth flotation process and collector composition |
-
1924
- 1924-02-09 US US691811A patent/US1709447A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2693487A (en) * | 1948-01-30 | 1954-11-02 | Monsanto Chemicals | Monosulfonation of benzene |
US3675773A (en) * | 1969-08-06 | 1972-07-11 | Occidental Petroleum Corp | Flotation separation of glaserite from sodium chloride and other salts |
US4211644A (en) * | 1976-11-26 | 1980-07-08 | Pennwalt Corporation | Froth flotation process and collector composition |
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