US1708542A - johansson - Google Patents

Description

April 9, 1929- B. A. L. JOHANSSON 1,708,542

IECHANISM FOR CONVERTING OTIQN Filed Dec. 24, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 April 9, 1929.

B. A. L. JOHANSSON 1,708,542

IECHANISM FOR CONVERTING MOTION Filed Dec. 24, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 as 37 4? v 34 Patented Apr. 9, 1929.

UNITED STATES 3303 A. L. JOHANSSON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO HELIOS CORPORATION,

means PATENT OFFICE.

OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

MECHANISM FOR CONVERTING MOTION.

Application filed December 24, 1925. Serial No. 77,516.

M invention relates to mechanism for converting motion and has among its other objects the production of mechanism of the kind described which is convenient, compact, durable, efficient and satisfactory for use wherever found applicable.

A particular object of the invention is to provide mechanism of the kind described which will be substantially noiseless in operation.

Another particular object of the invention is to provide mechanism of the kind described which will operate smoothly.

Still another particular object of the invention is to provide mechanism of the kind described in which wear is automatically compensated for so that the mechanism continues to operate noiselessly and smoothly.

One form of the invention is embodied in motion picture apparatus for intermittently advancing the film and preferably comprises a continuously driven cam having a follower to which an intermittent rotary motion is imparted by the earn, the follower comprising resilient means for insuring substantially perfect contact between the cam and the follower, when the mechanism is in operation, so that the cam and its follower make substantially no noise. The cam preferably comprises a plurality of dwells and a portion which rotates the follower, and it is preferably formed to increase the pressure between it and the follower when the follower is being rotated.

Many other objects and. advantages of the construction herein shown and described will be obvious to those skilled in the art from the disclosures herein given.

To this end my invention consists in the novel construction, arrangement and combination of parts herein shown and described, and more particularly pointed out in the claims. 7

in the drawings, wherein like reference characters indicate like or corresponding parts:

Fig. 1 is a section taken through motion picture apparatus embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a section taken on line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a section-taken on line 33 of Fig. 1;

Fig. t is a section taken on line 4;& of

Fig. 1, the mechanism being shown in a changed position;

Fig. 5 is a section taken on line 55 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a developed View of a portion of a cam forming part of the mechanism shown in Fig. 1; and

Fig. 7 is a section taken substantially on line 77 of Fig. 6.

In the drawings 1 have shown a preferred form of the invention embodied in motion picture apparatus of the type shown and described in the co-pending application of John Proksa, Serial No. 17,336 filed March 21, 1925. I have only illustrated so much of the mechanism as is necessary to clearly disclose my invention, reference being made to the co-pending application wherever necessary.

Referring for the present to Fig. 1 of the drawings, the reference character 10 designates a shaft which is continuously driven by any suitable mechanism (not shown), this mechanism being shown in the co-pending application as gearing which operatively connects the shaft to an electric motor; and keyed to the shaft 10 is a cam 11, or the equivalent, which is adapted to impart intermittent rotary motion to a follower or star wheel 16 mounted upon one end of a shaft 15, a sprocket drum 16 being secured to the other end of the shaft 15. It is readily understood that the sprocket drum 16 may be employed to intermittently advance a film past light projecting apparatus, which is indicated at 18. In this embodiment of the invention the shaft is rotatably journaled in a bushing 19 mounted in a casing 20 which is slidably journaled upon vertically disposed pins 21 carried by a casing 22. lhe details of the casings 20 and 22 are not pertinent to this disclosure and will not be fully described, the casings being fully shown and described in the above mentioned co-pending application.

The cam 11 may be made of any suitable material and is preferably a disc or wheel having a plurality of substantially circumferentially arranged dwells or grooves 23 and 2 k in its periphery. However, the wells or grooves 23 and 2% do not extend entirely around the cam, there being staggered breaks 25 and 26 in the grooves 23 and 24, respectively, (see Fig. 6). As best shown in Fig. 6, one end of the groove 23 is connected to one end of the groove 24 by a curved groove 27, the curved groove 27 being relatively short when compared with the length of the grooves 23 and 24.

The follower or star wheel 14 preferably comprises a plurality of prongs or members 30 adapted to engage the grooves 23, 24 and 27, the membe 30 comprising a frustroconical head 31 adapted to fit snugly in the grooves. Each member 30 is preferably formed with a shank 33 slidably journaled in a hub 34 which comprises a housing member 35 formed integral with the shaft 15, the housing member being provided with a cap 36 secured to the member 35by a hollow head 36 formed upon one end of a pin 37 screw-threaded into the shaft 15. Split bushings 39 are preferably provided in the hub 34 for journaling the shanks 33. It will be noted that the members 30 are radially disposed with respect to the axis of rotation of the shaft 15 and that each member 30 is provided with a frustro-conical head 42 at its inner end. The heads 42 are engaged by'a conical surface 44 formed upon a sleeve 45 which tends to seat in one end of a tubular member 46 seated in a depression 48 formed in the housing member 35, the tubular member being provided with a central bore 49 to accommodate the pin 37. Notches 46 are provided in the tubular member 46 for accommodatingthe heads 42. The. sleeve 45 is slidably journaled upon the pin 37 and is urged toward the member 46 by a compression spring 50, which has one of its ends bearing against the sleeve 45 and has the other of its ends bearing against the cap 36. Obviously, the spring 50 yieldingly prevents inward displacement of the prongs or members 30, but when one of the members 30 is forced toward the axis of rotation of the shaft 15 in a manner hereinafter described, the sleeve 45'is displaced toward the cap 36 against the action of the spring 50.

The hub is provided with a plurality of fiat surfaces 52 adapted to ride upon a track 54 extending circiunferentially around the cam 11 from one end of the groove 23 to one end of the groove 24, the track 54 terminating at its ends in cam surfaces 55 which permit rotation of the follower 14.

Briefly, the operation of the above described mechanisin is sul'istantially as follows: Assuming that two of the heads 30 are riding in the grooves 23 and 24, as illustrated in Fig. 3, and that one of the flat surfaces 52 is riding upon the track 54, as illustrated in the same figure, the cam 11 may be rotated through an angle somewhat less than 360 degrees without accompanying rotation of the follower 14. Thus, if the cam is rotating in the direction indicated by the arrow 57 in Fig. 6, the heads 30 may ride in the grooves 23 and 24 from the dotted line 58 to the dotted line 59 without causing rotation of the follower 14, it being understood that the cam makes nearly a complete revolution to bring the heads from the line 58 to the line 59. Then, asthe cam continues to revolve, the head 30 engaging the groove 23 will ride through the groove 27 to the groove 24 andthe head 30 previously engaging with the groove 24 will pass out of engagement through the break 26. This will cause the follower 14 and the shaft 15 and the sprockets 16 to be revolved through an angle of 90 degrees, after which they will again remain stationary until the cam revolves through nearly 360 degrees. Vi hen a head 30 enters the groove 24 by way of the groove 27 another head 30 enters the groove 23 by way of the breal: 25 in that groove. Obviously, if the cam 11 is continuously rotated, an intermittent rotary motion will be imparted to the follower 14 and the mechanism constrained to rotate therewith. The members 30 may be termed followers and are so identified in the claims, as the invention is not limited to the particular construction shown and described.

The mechanism is preferably so constructed that the spring 50 is slightly compressed whena pair of the heads 30 are riding in the grooves 23 and 24. In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, this pressure between the heads 30 and the walls of the grooves 23 and 24 is increased, when the groove 27 approaches that head 30 which happens to be riding in the groove 23. This increase in pressure is a function of the cam which is so designed that the groove 27 is spaced a suflicient distance from the axis of rotation of the shaft 10 that a head 30 passing through it will be held closer to the axis of the shaft 15 than it is held when it passes through the major por tions of the grooves 23 and 24, each groove 23 and 24 having its ends so formed that the heads 30 will ride smoothly from the groove 23 into the groove 27, and thence into the groove 24. In practice, I have obtained good results by spacing the groove 27 approximately .020 of an'inch farther away from the axis of rotation of the shaft 10 than it would be if the headswere not displaced, as described above, toward. the axis of the shaft 15 when they approach that groove. When the cam is so constructed, the heads pass from the groove 23 into the groove 24 without clicking or chattering. Any wear in the heads 30 or the compensated for by the spring 50.

Having thus described my invention, itiis obvious that various immaterial modiiications may be made in the same without departing from the spirit of my invention; hence I do notwish to be understood as limiting myself to the exact form, construcgrooves is lot messes 3? tion, arrangament and combination of parts herein shown and described, or uses mentioned.

lVhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. Mechanism for converting motion comprising a cam, a shaft, a follower carried by the shaft and operatively engaging the cam, said follower being movable radially with respect to the shaft, and resilient means carried by the shaft for holding the follower in engagement with the cam under pressure, said resilient means acting perpendicularly to the direction of movement of the follower.

2. lifechanism for converting motion comprising a cam, a shaft, a follower carried by the shaft and operatively engaging the cam, means for slidably journaling said follower for movement radially with respect to the shaft and resilient means carried by the shaft for holding the follower in engagement with the cam under pressure, said resilient means acting perpendicularly to the direction of movement of the follower.

3. Mechanism for converting motion comprising a cam, a shaft, a movable follower carried by the shaft and. operatively engaging the cam, and resilient means carried by the shaft for holding the follower in engagement with the cam under pressure, said. resilient means acting in a direction at an angle to the direction in which the follower is adapted to move, the cam having a prtion adapted to displace the follower against the action of the resilient means.

4. Mechanism for converting motion comprising a cam, a shaft, a slidably jominaled follower carried by the shaft to move radially thereof and operatively engaging the cam, and resilient means disposed around the shaft for holding the follower in engagement with the cam under pressure, the (am having a portion adapted to dis place the follower against the action of the resilient means.

5. lviechanism for converting motion comprisinga cam, a shaft, a plurality of slidably journaled members constrained to rotate with the shaft, each of said members being intermittently engageable with the cam, atnd a spring common to said members for urging them toward the cam when they are in engagement therewith.

(3. h lechanism for converting motion comprising a cam, means for rotating the cam, a follower engageable with the cam, a retatable shaft, means carried by the shaft for slidably journaling said follower to permit movement thereof radially with respect to the shaft, and a sprilng carried by the shaft and acting in a direction parallel thereto for urging the follower toward the cam when it is engaging the earn.

7 Mechanism for converting motion comprising a cam, means for rotating the cam,

a follower engageable with the "am, a rotatable shaft, means carried by the shaft for slid ably journaling said. follower to permit movement thereof radially with respect to the shaft, and a spring disposed around the shaft for urging the follower toward the cam when it is engaging the cam.

8. lilleehanism for converting motion comprising a cam, means for rotating the cam, a plurality of followers engageable with the earn, a rotatable shaft, means carried by the shaft for slidably journaling the followers to permit movement thereof radially with respect to the shaft, and resilient means acting in a direction parallel to said shaft for urging the followers toward the cam when they are engaging it.

9. Mechanism for converting motion comprising a cam, means for rotating the cam, a plurality of followers engageable with the cam, a rotatable shaft, means carried by the shaft for slldably journaling the followers to permit movement thereof radially with respect to t re shaft, and a spring common to all of the followers for urging them toward the cam when they are engaging it.

10. Mechanism for converting motion comprising a cam, means for rotating the cam, a plurality of followers engageable with the cam, a rotatable shaft, means carried by the shaft for slidably journaling the followers to permit movement thereof radially with respect to the shaft, and a spring disposed around the shaft and commonto all of the followers for urging them toward the cam when they are engaging it.

11. Mechanism for converting motion comprising a cam, means for rotating the cam, a rotatable shaft having a hollow end, a follower engageable with the cam and slidably journaled in the hollow end of said shaft to permit radial movement thereof with respect to the shaft, a member slidably mounted in the hollow end of said shaft and cooperating with the inner end of said follower to impart radial. movement thereto, and a spring mounted in the hollow end of said shaft for imparting movement to said member.

l2. Mechanism for converting motion comprising a cam, neans for rotating the cam, a rotatable shaft having a hollow end, a follower cngageable with the cam and slidably journaled in the hollow end of said shaft to permit radial movement thereof with respect to the shaft, a member mounted in the hollow end of said shaft for sliding movement coaxial with said shaft, said member coacting with the inner end of said follower so to transmit motion thereto in a direction perpendicular to that of said memher, and a spring mounted in the hollow end of said shaft for imparting movement to said member.

13. Mechanism for converting motion eomprising a cam, means for rotating the cam, a rotatable shaft having a hollow end, a plurality of followers engageable with the cam and slidably journaled in the hollow end of said shaft to permit radial movement thereof with respect to the shaft, a pin mounted in the hollow end of said shaft, a member slidahly journaled on said pin for transmitting motion to said followers perpendicularly to the motion of said member, 10

and a spring disposed around said pin and acting on said member to impart motion thereto.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

BROR A. L. JOHANSSON.

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