US1708458A

US1708458A - Internal-combustion engine

Info

Publication number: US1708458A
Application number: US125503A
Authority: US
Inventors: Andrew V D Willgoos
Original assignee: Pratt and Whitney Aircraft Co
Current assignee: Pratt and Whitney Aircraft Co
Priority date: 1926-07-28
Filing date: 1926-07-28
Publication date: 1929-04-09
Anticipated expiration: 1946-04-09

Description

April 9, 1929. A. v. D. WILLGOOS INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed July 28, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet April 1929' A. v. D. WILLGOOS 1,708,458

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed July 28, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 A Mm Wa 2351: W

Patented Apr. 9, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANDREW V. D. WILLGOOS, OF WEST HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE PRATT'& WHITNEY AIRCRAFT (30., OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed July 28, 1926. Serial No. 125,503.

practice to place the valves in the cylinder head itself and to operate the same by means of long push rods and rocking levers. The rockers and push rods are sometimes inclosed in some sort of a housing. In the structure, of which I have been aware heretofore, it

has been customary to make such housingsseparate from the head and to secure the same to the head in some suitable manner.

It is an object of my invention to providea cylinder which contains a rocker housing formed integrally with the cylinder head thusproviding for greater rigidity of con struction with the consequent decrease in wear on working parts. It additionally reduces the number of parts and provides a much more efficient means of heat transferv in the neighborhood of the cylinder head, valve seat, valve and valve stem and guide.

Another object of my invention is to provide reinforcing means for the rocker housing integral therewith and with the cylinder, and having the further function of providing an additional cooling surface for the work ing parts.

Another object of my invention is" to provide, within my push rod housing, means for compensating for the differential expansion of the working parts due to temperature changes.

A further object of my invention is to soconstruct my device that the inner walls of the rocker box support are formed to provide at its lower end the valve port walls which are blended into the Valve stem boss on the side where the air impinges. This provides excellent heat dissipation means so necessary I to prevent the warping of the exhaust valve and valve stem.

It is an object of my invention to provide my valve control assembly housing at a point remote from the high temperature area with an opening for inspection purposes'and for the convenient'insertion and removal of valve springs and other minor parts. 1

Other objects of my invention will appear in the accompanying specification and claims and will be disclosed in the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a central Vertical section through my device;

F igure 2 is a front elevation of a cylinder embodying my device;

Figure 3 is a modification of my exhaust valve construction;

Figure 4 is a view similar to that shown in Figure 1 showing the valve spring in the process of being removed, and t Figure 5 is a cross section on line 5-5 of Fig. 3.

Referring now with greater particularity to the drawings, it will be seen that my device is comprised as follows:

The cylinder 1, having suitable cooling fins 2, is provided at its upper end with inlet and exhaust ports 3 and 4 having valve control housings 5 and 6, respectively. Since the interiors of the Valve control housings are substantially the same, only that of the exhaust valve will be described. The valve 7 is provided with a suitable seat 8 and has a valve stem 9 slidable in the valve boss 10 .mountedin a guideway 11 formed in an extension 12 of the cylinder head. This extension 12 is provided with circumferential cooling ribs 13 and has a rib 14 extending in the same plane as the axis of the valve stem 9 forthe purpose of strengthening and lending rigidity to the extension 12 and adding another heat dissipating means. The extension 12 is provided with an exhaust port 39, the extension being provided with recesses 15 for the reception of means 16 for securing an exhaust manifold 17 thereto. This engine is designed primarily for aeronautical uses and thus to obtain low weight per horse power is of prime importance. To this end I have provided my cylinder and cylinder head extensions of material of high heat pressure efficiency to provide the maximum cooling effect with the minimum additional Weight and a minimum head resistance.

The extension 12 is formed to provide a seat 18 for the

valve springs

19 and 20, the upper end of said springs being limited in their expansion by the collar 21. The upper end of the valve stem 9 is flat and a flat faced ball 22 bears t-hereagainst. The ball 22 is suitably mounted in a recess 23 in a gland 24 adjustably secured in one end 25 of a rocker arm 26 pivoted at 27 on a stud formed in or insertable in a bore in the upper portion of the extension 12. -Within the other end of the rocker arm .26 there is mounted another fiat faced ball 28 bearing against the upper end of a push rod 29 mounted in a sleeve 30. A

suitable slip joint 37 between the housing of the extension 12 and the sleeve 30 of the push rod 29 is provided to take care of differential heat expansion therebetween.

In the uppermost portion of my valve control assembly housing I have rovided an opening suitably positioned'for purposes of inspection and for the purpose of permitting the removal and insertion of the valve springs rand of other minor parts. This opening is normally closed by'a-cover 51 secured to the extension by suitable means.

It will be noted that the exhaust valve control assembly housing has circumferential ribs substantially to its uppermost portion while there are fewer of such ribs on the intake valve control housing.- This is made necessary by the greater heat dissipation required in and around the exhaust valve.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that my device operates as follows: The extension 12 of the cylinder head forming a guide for 'the valve stem 9 and a housing for the rocker arm 26 and being integral with the cylinder head forms the most efficient means of heat dissipation for the valve and valve stem. The cooling ribs 13 extending round the extension 12 and the strengthening rib 14 extending longitudinally of the extension in the plane of the valve stem serve to further dissipate the heat. By reason of the fact that the extension 12 is integral with the cylinder 1, a, great number of parts are eliminated and increased rigidity is given the structure. The slip joint 37 takes care of the differential expansion of the parts under the influence of heat 'the temperature of the cylinder being higher than that of the push rod.

In Figure3 I have disclosed amodification of my exhaust valve structure. In this case the walls 40 of the extension 12 are formed, first to receive the valve seat 8 and again at v41:1 are curved inwardly above the limits of the valve port and form one wall of thevalve guide boss. Cooling fins 42 are provided for the valve stem guide boss on the side thereof against which the air impinges.

Having thus described my invention what I claim is 1. In combination, in an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, inlet and exhaust ports in the head of said cylinder, valves controlling the passage 'of gases through said ports, and valve control mechanismsmounted in spaced integral extensions of -said cylinder. 2. In combination, in an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, inlet and exhaust ports in the head of said cylinder, valves controlling the passage of gases through said ports, rocker arm assemblies mounted in spaced integral extensions of said cylinder, and cooling fins extending radially of said cylinder and each of said cylinder extensions, the fin cooling area on the extension housing, the exhaust valve assembly exceeding the finarea on the extension housing inlet valve assembly.

3. In combination, in an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, inlet and exhaust ports in the head of said cylinder, valves controlling the passage of gases through said ports, rocker arm assemblies mounted in spaced integral extensions of said cylinder, and cooling fins extending radially of said cylinder and said extensions.

4. In combination, in an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, inlet and exhaust ports in the head of said cylinder, valves controlling the passage of gases through said ports, rocker arm assemblies mounted in spaced integral extensions of said cylinder, cooling fins extending radially of said cylinder and said extensions, and reinforcing ribs for said extensions extending in the plane of the stems of said valves.

5. In combination, in an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, inlet and exhaust ports in the head of said cylinder, valves'con trolling the passage of gases through said ports, rocker arm assemblies mounted in spaced integralextensions of said cylinder, cooling fins extending radially of said cylinder and said extensions, and reinforcing cooling ribs for said extensions extending in the plane of the stems of said valves on the side of said extensions against which the air impinges.

6. In combination, in an air cooled internal combustion engine, a cylinder and a rocker housing formed integral therewith.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

ANDREIV V. D. IVILLGOOS.

DISCLAIMER 1,708,458.Andrew V. D. Willy 00s, West Hartford, (301111. INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE. Patent dated April 9, 1929. Disclaimer filed October 1, 1938, by the assignee, United Aircraft Corporation.

Hereby enters this disclaimer to claim 6 0f the patent specification.

[Ofiicz'al Gazette October 25, 1938.]