US1708183A - Spindle lock - Google Patents

Description

April 1929- A. LEVEDAHL 1,708,183

SPINDLE LOCK Filed June 14, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 A. LEVEDAHL April 9, 1929.

SPINDLE LOCK Filed June 14, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 jkmzzzfdr; 162 60m fly QM Patented Apr. 9, 1929.

* UNITED STATES PATENT GFFICE.

AXEL LEVEDAHL, OF AURGRA, ILLINOIS, ASSEGNOB TO INDEPENDENT PNEUMATXC TOOL COMFANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CQRPORATION OF DELAWARE.

SPINDLE L l-CK.

Application filed June 14,

In the copending application of Reinhold A. Norling, filed June I l, 1926, Serial No. 115,730, there is disclosed and claimed a portable power operated tapping tool provided with means for automatically revers ing or changing the direction of rotation of the tap or spindle of the tool without stopping the motor or changing the direction of rotation thereof on moving the tap against and on withdrawing it from the work.

lVhen using the tool for setting screws or nuts or removing the same, it is necessary to substitute for thetap a screw-driving bit or socket wrench, as the case may require, and lock the direction changing mechanism of the tool in either its forward or its reverse position, depending on whether the screws or nuts are to'he set or removed.

It is the object of my invention to provide a locking mechanism for this purpose and usable with the tool of the character referred to.

In the accompanying drawings 7 Fig. l is a side view, with parts in vertical section, of a tool of the character described equipped with the locking mechanism of my invention Fig. 2 is a view of the the tool;

Figs. 3 and 4 are horizontal sectional views taken on lines 33 and 4.-4, respectively, ofFigs. 1 and 2;

Fig. 5is a diagrammatic view showing the arrangement of the driving gears;

Fig. 6 is a side view of the spindle removed from the tool; 7

'Fig. 7 is ahorizontal sectional view taken on line 77 of Fig.1, with the parts shown in locked position; and

gear assembly of Fig. 8 is a similar View with the partsshown in unlocked position.

In Fig. 1, the complete tool as shown comprises three sections, a handle section 1, a motor section 2, and a reducing gear section 3. These sections are bolted or otherwise secured togetherin the order named.

The handle section 1 carries the plunger .(not'shown) of the switch mechanism whereby the operator may turn on and off the electric current to the tool. The switch mechanism may take the form disclosed in Patent No. 1,529,910, granted March 17, 1925, to said Reinhold A. Nor ing.

The mot r section 2 contains an electric 1926. Serial No. 115,731.

motor 5 having its armature shaft 6 extending into the gear section 3 for driving the gears contained therein. The shaft 6 e):- tends through and runs in an ant-ifriction hearing 7 in a bearing support 8 clamped between the motor and gear sections 2, 3, as shown in Fig. 1.

Of the gears in the gear section 3, the one 7 9 is the first reducing gear and it meshes directlywith gear teeth cut in the shaft 6. Gear 9 is lined to a shaft 10 journalcd at its ends in the support 8 and outer wall of the gear case 3, respectively, as'shown in Fig. 1. Shaft 10 is provided with gear teeth 11 constituting the first reducing gear pinion. This pinion 11 meshes with the second reducing gear 12 for forward speed. Gear 1.2 is fixed to a shaft 13, which as shown in Fig. 2 has its ends also journaled in parts 8 and 3. This gear has an elongated hub provided with gear teeth let (Fig. 2) which constitutes the second reducing gear pinion. This pinion lei meshes with a ear l5 loosely mounted on the spindle 16 of the tool, said gear constituting the forward spindle gear.

As shown in Figs. 2 and 5, gear 12 meshes with a gear 17 which constitutes the first reducing gear of reverse speed. This gear 17 is fixed to a. shaft 18 journaled in parts i 8 and 3, as shown. Gear 17 has an elongated hub provided with teeth 19 which form the reducing gear pinion of the gear. This pinion 19 meshes with a gear 20 loose on the spindle 16 below the gear l5,as shown in Fig.1, and constituting the reverse spindle gear.

The spindle 16 is hollow and extends into the gear case 3 from its outer or lower end, as shown in F 1. The inner or upper end 16 of the spindle is reduced and is journalcd in a tubular extension on the member 8. An antifriction end thrust bearing 21 is in this extension for the spindle. A bushing 22 is in the outer end of the gear case 3 for the forward portion of the spindle 16.

The reverse gear 20 runs on the upper end of this bushing, while the forward gear 15 is held from rising by a stop collar 16" above. the same on the spindle 16. The bushing 22 has its upper end flanged as at 22" so as to provide a suitable bearing for the gear 20 and also to engage the adjacent potion of the case to hold the bushing in the same.

. f' 11., I. have shown a screw-driving ment of the stem 24' is limited, however, by a cross-pin 26 carried by the stem and havfixture23 attached to the forward end of a stem or member 24-, which extends into the hollow spindle 16 from the outer end thereof. Fixture 23 follows generally the construction set forth in Patents Nos. 1,391,723, of September 27, 1921, and

ing its ends in vertically elongated slots 27 in the spindle 16, as shown in Figs. 4 and 6.

To promote ease of operation, the ends of this pin are provided with rollers 28, 28 to work against the sides of these slots, the latter being reversely inclined, as shown in Fig. 6. Pin 26 also connects the spindle and stem together so that both will be rotated in unison.

The clutch for each gear and includes a pair of oppositely disposed clutch dogs 30, 30, which as shown in the drawings are in the form of balls. These balls are retainedin holes 31, 31 in the hollow portion of the spindle 16at the gears 15 and 20, as shown. Said gears have internal grooves 32, 32 toreceive the outer portionsof the associated balls 30, when forced into them by the cam portion 33 of the stem 24. There are two ofthese grooves 32 in each gear, one for each ball 30 with the grooves 1n each gear separated by shoulders or abutments 34:, 34 formedintegral with the gear, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4c. lVhen in these grooves and against the shoulders, the balls connect the'respective gears 15, 20 to the spindle 16 for rotating the same either forward or reverse dependingon which gear is clutched to the spindle.

The cam 33 is adjacent the upper or inner end of the stem 2a and has vertically disposed slots or recesses 35, 35 on opposite sides thereof, one for each ball 30, 30, to receive the inner portions thereof when the gears 15, 20 are disconnected from the spindle and are free to turn thereon, as shown in Fig. 3. The ends of these slots orrecesses 35 are inclined into the cam 33 so that the balls 30 will be moved into the grooves 32 of their associated gears in the shifting of the cam back of said balls, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4.

When the tool is used for tapping holes, a tap through a suitable chuck (not shown) is attached to the stem 24, and the motor 5 is set in operation by turning on the switch through the plunger in the handle 2. WVit-h the tap out of contact with the work, the parts so far described are in the positions shown-in Fig. 1 and the spindle 16 is rotated in reverse or coi'mter-clockwise due to the fact that "the spring 25 holds the cam 33 at Vithout stopping the motor 5, the tap is inserted in the hole to be tapped and the en tire tool forced toward the work. This causes the spindle 16 to be moved toward the work and shifts the cam 33 from the lower to the upper set of dogs or balls '30. As the cam 33 leaves the lower set of balls 30 the latter are free to move out of the grooves 32 of saidv gear and disconnect the same from the spindle 16. This happens before the upper gear 15 is clutched to the spindle 16 in order that one gear will be disconnected from the spindle before the other is connected therewith. This is brought about by having the spacing between the two sets of balls 30, 3O substantially equal to or slightly greater than the width of the cam.

As the tool is forced or pressed against the work, the inclined ends of the upper set of slots or recesses 35 force the upper set of balls 30 into the grooves 32 of the upper gear 15 and clutch the same to'the spindle 16 for driving thetap forward, that is, clockwise or in a direction to cut threads in the hole. The cam 33 being behind the upper set of balls holds the forward gear 15 clutched to the spindle 16. As soon as the-hole is tapped or a sufficient number of threads out therein, as the case may be, the entire tool is moved backward orv drawn away from the work and the cam 33 is automatically shifted to release the forward gear 15 from the spindle and connect the reverse gear 20 thereto to rotate the tap out of the hole without injuring the threads cut therein, all without stopping the rotation of the motor 5 or changing its direction of rotation.

To use the tool or drill, as it may be called, for setting or removing screws or nuts, it is necessary to first lock the stem24 against endwise movement in the spindle 16; otherwise, the clutches 30, 30 will be actuated to alternately reverse the direction of rotation of the spindle as the tool is forced-against and withdrawn from the work. This is not desired in setting or removing screws or nuts, as the spindle may be rotated either in one direction or the other with no change in rotation effected as the tool is forced against and removed from the work. To accomplish these results, I have provided a locking mechanism for holding when desired the stem 24 against endwise movement in either of its forward or reverse speed positions.

The locking mechanism forms the subjectmatter of this application and includes a collar 36 encircling the outer end of the spindle 16 just beyond the casing section 3. At the collar 36', the spindle 16 carries a pair of oppositely disposed clutch dogs in the form of balls 37, 37 in holes-38, 38 made in tion of rotation will not be changed on the spindle for the purpose. These holes extend through the spindle so that the inner portions of the balls 37 may :cxtcnd into either setof notches 39, 40in the stem A pair of spaced recesses 41, 41 with a connecting groove 42 between are .provided in the spindle 16 on the outside thereof, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8. The collar 36 has two insiderecesses 43,43 disposed at rightangles to theholes 38, 38, as shown in Fig. .7. A spring 44 extends about the collar 36 on the outside in a groove 45. One end of the spring ishooked into an aperture in the collar, while the opposite end of the spring is free and bears against a locating ball 46 and holds it inone of the notches or recesses 41, 4F in the spindle 16, as shown in Fig. 7. The collar has a. hole 47 for this ball so that the spring may bearagainst it.

When the clutches 37, 37 of the 'lock are retained in the notches 40, 40 by the collar 36, the stem .24 is lOClGCl against endwise movement in either direction and thus will be run in reverse or counter-clockwise as longas the lock is not changed. Its direcforcing the screw-driving bit 48 against or withdrawing 1tfrom the work. Thus the spindle 16.24 is .100 red zin reverse and screws may be taken out by power without any chance of the clutches 30, 30 being shifted as required fortappmg-v Y'Vhen it is desired-to :lock the-spindle so as -to have it run forward, as when driving screws or setting nuts, the collar '36 is first turned to the right untilball 46 is in'recess 41 This will bring recesses 43, 43 opposite balls 37, 37, and the spindle stem-24 is free to be shifted inward to effect the clutching of the forward gear 15' to the spindle 16. Then on turning "the collar 36 to the left to bring ball 46 back into notch '41, the recesses 43, 43 will be inovedaway from the balls 37 and the latter will be held in notches 39 by the collar 36, as shown in Fig. 7. The ball 46 being in the groove 42 in the turning of the collar 56 from one locking position to the other, holds the collar from endwise movement on the spindle l6, and thus prevents the collar from dropping oif the end of the spindle when the collar is not in ither locking position.

In Fig. 1, I have shown a screw-driving bit 48 in the chuck 23 of the attachment 23. To operate on nuts, suitable socket wrenches will be clamped in the chuck. The attachment is divided into two parts, movable to ward and from each other to engage and disengage clutch teeth 49, 50, as in the Du Sell patents. Thus, the bit 48 while idle may be engaged with the work and only be rotated by the spindle 16 when the clutch teeth are brought together on forcing the tool toward the work. On withdrawing the bit from the work, the clutch teeth separate respective gear trains in the endwise and release thebit from the rotating spindle.

As shown in Fig. 1, the outer end of the stem 24- isshapcd to extend into a socket of the tool holding chuck or attachment. This end of the stem 24 is notched, as at 24, to receive pin 24 for securing the member in the socket. By this construction, a tap holding chuck may be readily attached to the spindle of the tool and the latter be used for tappingf purposes, the collar 36 being turned to locate the ball 46 in the notch 41" so that the stem 24 may be shifted to reverse the direction of rotation of the spindle as recuired for ta nine )IUDOSOS.

With my invention incorporated in the tool, the latter may be used for tapping as well as for setting or removing screws and nuts, thus making the tool more universal than when confined to tapping alone.

The details of structure and arrangement of parts shown and described may be variously changed and modified without departing from the spirit and scope of my inven tion.

I claim as my invention:

1. In aportable power driven tool, the combination with a spindle, of power operated means including two gear trains for driving the spindle in opposite directions, a chuck carrying stein slid-ably connected with and rotated by the spindle, clutch means for automatically connecting the spindle to the movement of said stem, and means whereby the stem may be locked against endwise move ment when connected with either gear train.

2. In a portable power driven tool, the combination with a hollow spindle, of power operated means including two gear trains for rotating the spindle in opposite directions, a chuck carrying stem slidablyinounted in and connected with said spindle for rotation thereby, coacting means carried by the spindle and stem, respectively, and

operable through the endwise movement of the stem in the spindle for automaticall connecting the stem to the respective gear trains, and a locking mechanism whereby the stem may be locked against endwise movement when connected to either gear train.

3. In a portable power driven tool, the combination with a hollow spindle, of power operated means including two gear trains for rotating the spindle in opposite directions, a chuck carrying stem slidably mounted in and connected with the spindle for rotation thereby, clutch dogs carried by the spindle and movable in the endwise movement of the stem into and out of clutched'engagement with the respective gear trains, and a mechanism whereby the stem may be locked against endwise move ment when connected to either gear train. 4. In a portable power driven tool, the combination with a spindle, of power op= erated means including two gear trains for rotating the spindle in opposite directions, a chuck carrying stem slidably connected with and rotated by said spindle, clutch means actuated by the endwise movement of the stem with respect to the spindle for connecting the latter with the respective gear trains, at rotative collar, and means controlled by the turning of the collar whereby the stem may be moved endwise or locked against endwise movement when connected to either gear train.

5. In a portable power driven tool, the combinationwith a spindle, of power operated means including two gear trains for rotating the spindle in opposite directions,

a chuck carrying stem slidably connected and rotated by said spindle, means actuated in the endwise movement of the stem with respect to the spindle for connecting the spindle to the respective gear trains, clutch dogs carried by the spindle and .engageable with the stem .for looking the same against endwise movement when connected with either gear train, and a collar carried by the spindle and adapted in the turning thereof to either release or hold said dogs in locked engagement with the stem.

6. In a' portable power driven tool, the combination with a spindle, of power operated means including two gear trains for rotating the spindle in opposite direotions,'a chuck carrying stem slidably connected with and rotated by said spindle, means actuated by the stem in the endwise movement thereof with respect to the spindle for connecting notches to receive said member with a conthe spindle with the respective gear trains, clutch dogs carried by the spindle and engageable with the stem for locking the same against endwise movement when connected with either gear train, and a collar on the spindle and having recesses to receive said dogs to release the stemv in one position of the collar, the latter holding the dogs in r locked engagement with'the stem to permit endwise movement thereof in another position of the collar.

7. In a portablepower driven tool, the combination with a spindle, of power operated means including two gear trains for rotating the spindle in oppositedirections,

a chuck carrying stem slidably connected with and rotated by said spindle, means actuated in the endwise movement of the stem with respect to the spindle for connecting the spindle with the respective gear trains, said stem having two sets of notches, one set for each gear train, clutch dogs carried by the spindle and engageable with either set of notches for holding the'stem against endwise movement when connected with either gear train, and a collar carried by the spindle and adapted in the turning thereof to either release or hold said dogs in said notches. I r

8. In a portable power driven tool, the combination with a spindle, of power operated means including two gear trains for rotating the spindle in opposite directions, a chuck carrying stem slidably connected -with and rotated by said spindle, means actuated in the endwise movement of the stem with respect to the spindle for connecting the spindle with the respective gear trains, clutch dogs carried by the-spindle and engageable with the stem for holding the same against endwise movement when connected with either gear train, and a collar on the spindle and carrying a spring pressed member, said spindle having spaced nectin In testimony whereof I affix my signature,

this 9th day of June, 1926.

' AXEL LEVEDAHL.

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