US1705826A

US1705826A - Internal-combustion engine

Info

Publication number: US1705826A
Application number: US182773A
Authority: US
Inventors: Polizzi Paul
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1927-04-11
Filing date: 1927-04-11
Publication date: 1929-03-19
Anticipated expiration: 1946-03-19

Description

March 19,1929. v p, PoLlzzl 1,705,826

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed April 11, 192'? INVENTOR PAOL- -)OLAZZ l Patented Mar. 19, 1929,. y y unirnosrATEs rATENT {.oFFlcE.-

, PAUL roLIzznor SAN FRANCISCO', QALIFORNIA..

` INTERNAL-GOMBUSTION ENGInE. 'p Y n Application fue@ Apr'nii, 1927. sei-iai No. 182,773.

c This linvention relates `particularly'to anl thedrawings comprises the crankcfase 1 of internal Combustion' engine. p V 1 an internal combustion engine,'v having a An object' oi the invention is to provide ,crank shaft 2 with ap'lurality off-'throws 'an internal combustion engine having plural or ecc'entrics 3 journaled therein." The numcylincleis,each cylinder being provided'with her' of throws or 'eccentrics on the crank an oscillating piston pivota-lly mounted shaft 2 ivill correspond ivithjthe number ot' therein, and independent combustion cha1n' plstonslin the engine. .K f .1 bers on opposite sides ofthe saidpiston to l Cylmderdolock 4l, that is suitably-Water elliect oscillating movementthereof. Jaclgeted atv around the sides and top there- Afurther object vof the invention is 'to of, is mounted upon the crank Vcase l; :The provide an internal combustionV engine hav A Cylind n blo'clj-ig'l provided with 11. plurality ing al plurality of cylinders, each cylinder` of':cylinders:G,y 7, yS `and 9 therein. K Each shapedas aninverted-pyramid and having Cylinder 'is rectangularli'ncross Section, .and a rectangular piston pivotedftherein at VVthe -Shaped as Aan invertedpyramidgi @193113K apex* of the cylinderyand each piston pivotof the cylinder is arranged yadjacent?the ally connected to a crank. shaft.V v `A still further `oloject of thev invention is 'toiprovide in an internal combustion engine a cylinder shaped as an inverted7 rectangle lar'pyramid and inA which a'rectangular piston is pivot-ally niountedl at' the apex ofthe cylinder, said piston, having `an extended arm thereon extending 4into, the cylinder crank casete be connectedY by suitable mech.- anisin to the enginev crank shaft;4 j f @ther objects of the' invention are to'provide anv internal combustion engine that Iwill loe superiorin point of simplicity, ineXpensivenesa 'of construction, positiveness of operation,"'and facility and convenience in use and general efficiency. n Y 'l f Y "In this specification a-nd'f'theV annexed drawings, Vthe invention is illustrated in 'the foi-1n considered to be the best, butl it is ,to he understood that the invention isnot `limited: f lto such form, because it may be embodied in other forms', and it isralso to he'understood that in and loy the claims followingJ thefdescription, it is desired to cover the inventionv 'in whatsoever iform it maybe embodied.

In the accompanying one sheet o'tfdraw- Fig. l represents a vertical section taken A reet'angularly shaped piston l0' is" arranged in each cylinder.' Each piston7` attlie hottom' thereof7 is vprovided withY a circurafrv bearing-llthereon tor-befcon'ined in a jour-y nal l2 formed at the bottoni or apex'of 'ineach of the'tcyli-nders whereby/'fthe axis* of endsoi eaclifother piston b'earilngsizll and vsaid shafts 1'8 are -Journaled in bearings ll formed in thexc'ylinder block. 4vThe hearings cylinder block -wvliereby all of the'` pistons l0 will oecillate ahoutvthe same I Each 'of the hearings llfjand shafts 13 are drilled lengtlrvvisel to permit al lubricant to beforced through the pivoted land connected endsoithe pistone'iirom aconduit .15 that is Yconne/ned toa-lubricant pressure pinnp'lG operated inQ-synchronisin `with the ieng'ine@ The 'piston hearing 1l is provi'dcdfwith ripenings' therein to permit lu liricant into the piston journalflQ. f. f. The*lmofsideV edges land, upperV end eachV of the-pistoni() are provided `With acont-:inrnous slot ry recess i7'thereiiifinlWhich'side ythrough Va single cylinderV ot an vinternal i5 combustion engine constructedk in accordsmcel -Wi-th myA invention. I f Y Y Fig. 2 is aV plan view of a plurality of cyl` inders of the typesh'own in Fig. l. Fig; 3 isfa sectiontaken'through a plu- Yrality'of-cylindersonthe line 3-3 ofFig. 1'. Fig.' 4; is aperspect-ive `vieu7 of one of the*` cylinder Apistons broken Yaway to show Vthey interior construction thereof, and diagramy V'niatically illustrated in rconnection Wit-'h a' lubricating pump. Y

Inf detail theY construction illustratedr inv mounted. 'Evpaiision springs '19 arefmounted in Vthe haseo'f 'the' groovel? around. the (piston to move the eXpansionstr-ips lISwoutlvva'rdly into engageinent1l withVv the 'sides 1 and tion pressur' losses.y Each of thefstr are l,movalole .independent of the other {whereby' they may, adjusttheinselvesto thetinner each cylindei -l`hepistons are arranged thebearingll on eachpiston'will lie sub-f. stantially,paralleltoA the axis of'tlie'crank c shart'xQ/ Shafts 131 extendV rfrom opposite top Wall of the cylinder to preventco'inbus`- 'asf i8 j i 110 crank case lfWh-ile .ther base ofthe saidcvlf inder'as vextended,:'ihovethe cranlrcaseil i 1ll andthe shaft-sli?) on each of -tliepistons vlOare arrangedfi'n axialalignlnent `in the; Y

to he forcedA di andv top pressurerstrips "18 aref inovably y 'contour ot the cylinder5an'd;tovforina snug -joint between the entire perimeter of the piston and the walls of the cylinder.

The piston l is drilled longitudinally and laterally with oil holes 20, allI of which communicate with the hollow center 21 of the piston bearing 1l to receive a source of lubricant supply therefrom. The movable bars 18 on the edges of the piston are likewise drilled at 22 to permit the passage of lubricant therethrough and into contact with the walls of the cylinder. Y Y

An arm 23 is provided on the bearing end of each piston l() that extends into the crank case l. The extended arm 23 on each piston is connected by a connecting rod 24 to one of the throws on the engine crank shaft. The various Athrows onthe crank shaft 2 are offset thereon in proper relation, whereby when the connecting rods 24 are connectedv to the crank shaft 2 and to the respective pistons l0, the said pistons l0 will be located in propertiming relation within each of the cylinders.

Combustion chambers

25 and 26 are recessed on oppositesides of each cylinder whereby the combustion chamber 25 will lie on one side of the piston 10 and the combustion chamber 26 on the opposite side of the piston. Each of the combustion chambers are provided with the inlet and

outlet ports

57 and 58 respectively therein. The inlet ports 57 along one side of each of the connected cylinders communicate with an intake manifold 29 which has a carbureting device 30'thereon while the inlet ports 57 along the opposite sides vof the same cylinn ders communicate with an intake manifold, 31 connected toa carbureting device 32. The

exhaust or discharge ports 58 on both of the opposite sides of the engine cylinders are connected to a common exhaust manifold 33.

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Valves

27 and 28 are slidably mounted in each of the respective inlet and outlet ports.

Each valve is slidably mounted in a bearing v V39 provided on a projecting end of the enl gine crank shaft 2. The diameters of the timinggears on the'cam shaft and crank shaft are proportioned so that the proper timing between the cam shaft and crank shaft will be maintained to open and close the various inlet and outlet valves 27 Vand 28 during each of the various cycles of operation ofthe engine. i

A plurality of standards 40 are provided along the upper end of the variousengine y cylinders adjacent the cam shaft 36. A y

rocker arm 4l is pivoted at 42 intermediatev its ends whereby an end 43 of said rocker arm will rest on the cam shaft 36 and the opposite end 44 of the rocker armwill rest against one of the valve tappets `on the lleft side of the cylinders. Thus as rthe cams on the cam shaft 36`rotate to engage the end 43 of the rocker arm, the said rocker arm is oscillated and the end 44 thereof moved into engagement with a valve tappet to open the V valve. After the pressure of the rocker arm is released from the'valve, ythel expansion spring on said valve, causes the valve to be broughtvto the normally closed position. A rocker arm 46 is pivoted to thev standard at an end 47 thereof, said last mentioned rocker arm being arranged beneath the cani shaft 36 and liavingthe free end 48 thereof in engagement with the projecting stems of the valves on the rightrside of the engine.

The rocker arm 46 is moved downwardly'by the cams on the cam shaft 36 to open the various valves andv saidV valves are returned to the closed position by the expansion springs therearound. It is obvious that ythe cams on the camshaft will be. arranged thereon in proper position to actuate the valve rocker arms to effect opening movement ofthe various valves in proper sequence in the" cycle of operation of theengine.v In accordance with standard practice, each of the

combustion chambers

25 and 26 are provided with spark plugs 49 or some other type of sparking device, for igniting the combustiblel mixture in the combustion chamber.

, My engine operates on the four cycle principle, wherein on the first cycleY a charge of combustible material is d awn into the' engine cylinder; on the second cycle the charge is compressed by the action of the piston moving in the cylinder; on Vthe/third cycle the compressed combustible mixture is ignited and` on the fourth `cycle theburned products of combustion are exhausted from the cylinder. Y Q I In Fig. l of lthe'drawings a combustible mixture is confined between the piston Vand cylinder, on the left side of the engine, while a combustible charge is about 4to be admitted into the combustion chamber on the right side of the cylinder. .The movement of the piston into the dotted position shown in Fig. l causes the combustibleinixt'ure on the left side of the piston to ,be compressed and y a charge of combustible material to befdrawn into the chamber on-the right side. succeeding cycle the combustible mixture in the left side combustion chamber is ignited while combustible charge on the right side ofV On the a the piston would be compressed.` On the'V Cil next cycle the combustible charge on the right side of the piston is exploded and the products of combustion'on the left side of the piston are exhaustedjfrom the cylinder.

Gn the last cycle a charge of combustible material is drawn into ,the vcylinder on the left side of the piston While the burned prod- -ucts of combustion on the right side ofthe Ypiston are exhausted from the cylinder;

Ail)

Each of the various four Vcycles of operation are then repeated.A My experiments havey determined that an lengine constructed in accordance with rmy'f'invention will develop greater horse power per imit of fuel con sum'cd yand per weight of engine. y Y

`Having 'thus described this invention, what I now claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is-gv l. An internal Acombustion engine havingl a cylinder with a pair of independent combustionchambers on opposite sides thereof; i a piston pivoted at the bottom end of saidV cylinder to ,separate said combustion Vcham'- bers; an armextended'from the lower Vendv of the piston; a linkconnecting .said piston l arm to a crank shaft; and means operable 1nV relation to the cylinder piston to charge;

compress and con'ibiist a combustible mix-` ture in veach vchamber and'fdischarge said mixture from said'chamber to effect loscillating movement of the piston. l

2. An internal combustion engine consist- 1 ing of a cylinder shaped as an inverted pyrapistonl to charge7 compress, and coii'ibust aVV combustiblemixture'in each chamber and discharge said mixture from vsaidv chamber to effect oscillating` movement of the piston.

3. An vinternal v.combustion engine having avcylinder with a pair of independentcombiistion chambers on opposite sides thereof;

a piston pivoted at thefbottom endof saidV cylinder 'to separate saidV combustion 'cham-V bers; an arm extended from the lower end of the piston; a link connecting said'rpistonl arm toga' crank shaft; j an inlet and outlet port in each of the combustion chamberson opposite sides of the-cylinder; and means to actiiate said ports in synchronized relation to the movement of thepiston to permit a combustible charge to be entered; compressed and ignited vin and discharged from each combustion chamber on opposite sides of the piston to effect oscillating movement of the piston. l i

4; An internal combustion'engine/consist@ ing of a cylinder shaped as an-inverted pyramid andfhavingaepair of independent combustion chambers on opposite sides of the' basethereof; a piston pivoted at the apex of the cylinder to separate the combustion chambers; fan arm en ,the piston 'extended Vbelow the apex of the cylinder; a

connecting rod to connect the piston arm to a crank shaft to' convert oscillating movement of the piston into rotary movement of the crank shaft; `an inlet and outlet port in-eacli of the combustion chambers on opf posite sides of the cylinder; Vand means` to .actiiate said ports in synchronized relation to'the movement of the piston to permit a 'combustible charge to be entered, com-v pressed and ignited in and discharged from each 'combustion .chamber on opposite sides of vthe piston to effect oscillating movement of the piston.

5. 'An internal combustion engine consisting of a cylinder shaped as an inverted pyramid and'having ak pair of independent combustion chambers on opposite sides of the base thereof; a kpiston Apivot'ed at vthe .apex of thecylinder to separate the comb'ustion chambers; an arm on the pistoii.ex"

tendedbelow the apex of the cylinder;a

connecting rod to connect the piston arinto.

aj crank shaft to convert oscillating move-l ment 'of the piston'into rot-ary movement of the Crank shaft; and valve means'vtoallow 'a combustible charge Vto enter; and to evacu` ate ther products of-combustion from" each combustion chamber, said valve means being synchronizedto move with the piston to' permit a combustible' charge` toV be coin- K l, 100. 'i pressed and exploded on opposite ,sides of,v j the piston to effect oscillation thereof.

6. An internal combustion vengine consistingfof a cylinder shaped as an inverted pyramid and having a pair of independent combustion chambers on opposite sides ofl the -base thereof; a piston pivoted at the apex of the cylinder to scparatethe com# extending below the piston pivot; and means operatively connecting said arm `te a.; crank shaft to convert oscillating movement ofthe bustioiiV chambers; r an amv on the piston i .iie

piston into rotary movement ofthe crank sli aft;

7. An internal combustion-engine consist-l c'ombustion chambers onr opposite .sides of ing of a cylinder shaped as an inverted 'pyramid .and having a lpair of independent the'base thereof;.`a crank case adjacent said i cylinder; a pistonpivoted at the apexof the cylinder to separate the coi'nbustion-chainbers;v an arm on the pistonfextending into the crank case; and means operatively con# nectingsaid arm to a crank shaft to convert f oscillating ymovement of the piston to rotary movement of ther crank shaft.

-In testimony whereof, -I 'have hereunto set my handl at rSan Francisco;California, this 30th day of March,'l927.

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