US1702609A - Roof or wall covering - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 19,' 1929.`

E. w.| EsHER ROOF OR WALL GOVERING Filed Dec. 14, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 5 .rNvfA/TOR rroxwvey Feb. 19, 1929.

E. w. LESHER ROOF OR WALL COVERING Filed Deo. 14, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INvz/VTOR leb.V 19, 1929.

E. W. LESHER ROOF OR WALL COVERING Filed Dec. 14, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 fm1 o.

Patented Feb. 19, 1929.

UNITED STATES EARL W. LESHER, OF LAKEWOOD, OHIO.

ROOIE` OR WALL COVERING.

Application filed December lThis invention relates to a covering for a building and process of laying or constructing same; being adapted for use as a rooting or siding.

One objectotl the .invention is to provide an improved covering'7 whereby cost oit the materials .is materially reduced and the operation ot' applying same is simplilied.

Another object ot the invention is to pro vide an improved covering which is relatively cheap, durable and gives the appearance ot tile.

Another object of the invention is to provide a new construction of covering, whereby different tile effects with respect to arrangement or color may be readily produced.

Another object ot' the invention is to provide an improved covering for the rootl or side Wall ot a building, comprising a supporting section and an insulation section capable of being permanently positioned by a single operation.

A further object of the invention is to provide a new covering material which is cheap ly fabricated, is relatively light and resist ant to changes in temperature.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved process ot' covering one or more walls or the roof of a building, whereby saving of material and labor results.

Other objects of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which my invention relates 'from the following de,- scription taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein Fig. l is a perspective view ot a building having a, covering embodying my invention over a.V portion of the top and side walls.

Fig. 2 is a. fragmentary perspective view o'li a covering member embodying my invention; the torni shown in this view being ot the composite type.

Fig. 2a is a view similar to Fig. 2, but showing a type of rooting member molded or otherwise formed from a suitable insulating material.

Fig; 3 a section on the line 3 8 ot' 4 but taken at the upper end of the root.

Fig. 4c is a view ot' the parts shown in Fig. 3, looking downwardly in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the root.

Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of Fig. Ll.

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 4 but showing a'slightly different form ot' construction Serial No. 75,336.

and a dil'erent arrangement of the covering members to give a dilferent tile ell'ect.

Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 4, but showing another -forni olf covering' member.

Fig. 8 a fragmentary perspective view of a member oli the construction shown in Fig 7.

Fig. Sil is a view similar to Fig. 8, but showing a type oil: covering member molded from a suitable insulating material.

Fig. 9 is a section on the line 9 9 of Fig. 7.

Fig. l0 is a View similar to Fig. 4 butshowing another form of covering member and its arrangement to torni a rooting.

Fig. l1 is a fragmentary perspective View ot two associated rooting members of the forni shown in Fig, 10.

Fig. 12 is a section on the line 1.2-12 of Fig. l?, is a tragmentary perspective view ot a rooting member such as shown in Fig. l0, but ot slightly dill'crcnt construction.

Fig. lll is a. view illustrating the method of cutting out roofing members without waste of material.

In the drawings, A .indicates a buildingl or structure of any desired size, that shown bcing ot' a conventional type having upriglits B, cross members or beams C. inclined ra't'ters D and a top rail or ridge board E, these structural elements being connected together in any well known way. In carrying out my invention, these elements may be constructed in any desired manner and o'f any kind ol material. it being only necessary to provide some means to receive the means (such as nails F) which secure the rooting or siding in position. In ordinary buildings. the `framing is usually constructed lrom wooden elements7 such as shown in Fig. l, so that under normal conditions the covering is applied directly thereto.

My inlproved rooting is constructed from a plurality of members (indicated as an entirety at l) each ot which may be molded or otherwise formed or made into a composite structure, as desired, being constructed in a manner and shape to serve both as a sheathing and a covering vfor the roof and side walls ol a structure, as will later ap pear. Each member l may be of any desired length; thatis, each member may extend from side edge to side edge ot a wall or a roof or they may be of less length and laid end to end, but jointed, preferably in a manner to prevent leakage, as will later appear. The covering` members l are laid in overlapping relation directly-upon the ratters D or beams B, as the case may be, this rangement eliminating the necessity tor a sheathing ot any charcater, including boards, telt, paper or other material. Each member l comprises a basal section 2 and a coyering section 3. In Figs. 2 and 8 these sections are integrallyv formed as by molding` or compression from a suitable material, tor example, pulp, such as cane pulp, wood pulp, with or without leather findings, or a pulp having other cellulose materials as a base, suitablyv combed, dried and treated. These materials may be molded or otherwise termed into the shape shown in 2 and S, but pre-torably I obtain this n'iaterial in sheet torni and cut it into the desired shape to term the sections 3 and form thebasal sections 2 trom wood and then secure the sections 2, E, to gether by cement or other binding` material. In practice I have used sheet material of this character generally known as Celotei: and also sheet material of this Character generally known as Insulite. These materials are rcsistant to temperature changes and sound and largely waterproof. To make it entirely water-proof, I may impregnato it witl asl ph alt which also acts as a ccmenting material to secure the sections 2, 3, together. JFurthermore, I also cover the exposed surface ot the sections 3 with ground mineral, such as slate, thereby making itweather resisting. adding' to it sutiicient weight to prevent the Wind from blowing it out of position and facilitating color eliects to zgive the appearance of roofing tile. This composite t'orm of construction also permits me to construct the basal sections 2 from a grade of lumber cheaper than that ordiarily used in building;` Without impairinfr the strength et the rooting or side walls.

The basal section 2 is ot less width than the rooting section 3 and arranged along its upper edge, thereby forming a shoulder 1l which engages the upper edge oit the next lower member l, and permitting the rooting; sections 3 to overlap this latter member. 'llhc roofing section 3 is preferably wide enough to overlap that portion ot the next lower covering member l above its basal section 2, but also a portion ot the next adjacent member l, that is, the covering section is wider than two of the basal sections when arranged side edge to side edge, so that over each joint between one member 1 and the shoulder oi' the basal section 2 tor the adjacent member l there are two thicknesses of the coverii j sections 3, to insure flow oi' water past the joints. This arrangement also (l) permits t vo nails F to be driven through each member into each beam B or rafter D, one near the upper edge ot the basal section 2 and the other near the lower edge thereof and both nails covered by one or two thicknesses oit the rooting sections, and in the form ot construction shown in Figs. l, 2, 9c, 3, et and 6, it disposes the joint abore the inner end walls of the cut-aways 5, so that heat within thc structure cannot escape the joint due to its tendency to rise rather than drop. Aside from the leak-proof iform construction thus insured, the rootI when constructed from the covering memhers l is `improved in appearance and more closely resembles tile. To provide l'or a 'race to tace relation between the upper surface ot each covering section 3 and he under surtace oft the overlappimgv portion ot the n upper section 3, the lower surface ot the be section 2 inclined toward its upper "tree edge, that the combined width oit the basal section 2 and the rooting section 3 along; their 'tree edges is equal to the width ot the shoul der l alongl the inner or lower edge ot the basal. section.

In Figs. 7, 8, 8 and 9 l have shown covering members l in which the lower or overlapping portions of the sections thereof are continuous trom end to enc, this Yterm ot construction being particularly adaptable as a sidingsince it gives the appear nce olf weather boarding; whereas in i, 2, 2, E and l the `lower portions otl the covering,l sections are termed with cut-away sections 5, to provide spaced projections, preferably eq al in width `to the width oi" the cutaway sections and equal in length to the width ot the basal section 2, which makes yhis form advantageous for use as a rooting'. In this latter term oit construction, the covering members l may be arranged with the projections (3 in alignment, as sl'iown in Figs. l, 3 and t, or they may be staggered shown in Fig. 6, thereby providing for ditlerent sorts ot tile eil/lect. its shown in these illustinted arrangements, the projections tl oi? one men'iber tern'nnatc on lines coincident with the inner end walls oi" the eut-away sections 5 ot the next lower section, the result ot which is to make the ti lo appearance more e-l'lective.

As already set torth, the members l may be ot any desired length, but are preterably constructed in lengths to meet standard or adopted dimensionsy as to the sjiacingh between the rafters D or beams lil, so thatithcj-,f will terminate on the centers ot two such elements lll/here the rooting' sections are ot the torni shown in Figs. 1,2, 2, il and 6, I may construct two such sections simultaneously by taking` a sheet ol material T (seo Fig. la) and cutting` it on the transverse lines 'TU- and longitudinal lines lli thereby forming the two sections without waste et material, since as already set torth the cut-away sections 5 and projections (i are ot equal width. Also, by projecting` one of the transverse lines Y ot the cut outwardly and laterally in opposite directions, shown at i, to a point midway between the resulting adjacent projections 6 and then continuing such line of cut transversely to the side edges of the sheet 7, as shown at 7, the resulting sections may be jointed end to end, with the lower end of the joint terminating on or above the surface ot' the next lower rooting section 3, as shown in Fig. ln this arrangement, l insert between the sections 2 and sections 3 a relatively thin plate or sheet of suitable material 8, suoli as asphalt or asbestos, which overlaps the oint between the ends ot two members l (see Fig. 5), this sheet 8 having a length equal to the width of the member l and a width equal to that ot a projection 6, so that if any water tlows .in between the ends of the sections 3, it will liow downwardly and be discharged on the surface ot the lower section 3. Except for the sheet 8, water which might be t'orced by wind Linder that projection (3 interposed above a joint, could `l'low therethrough and escape between the engaging side edges ont the basal sections immediately below the joint. rlhis construction is particularly advantageous where alternate rows ot' members l are jointed in alignment by accident or otherwise. 0r, if desired, each projection 6 that becomes superposed above a joint between two members l may be cemented thereto to effectively prevent the escape ot' water into and through the joint.

In constructing a roofing, I irst form the rooting members in the manner already set forth; nextl I lay a member l or a plurality ot' members l in end to end relation along the lower ends of the raft-ers D. lt the t'orm of construction shown in Figs. l to G, inclusive, be used, then the tirst row of members l is so laid that the inner end walls of the cut-away sections 5 thereof substantially align with the free ends otl the rafters l) and the projections 6 are cut or sawed otl, so as to leave a straight. unbroken terminal edge for the roo'i; next, a row ot members l is laid above the tirst row, with the shoulders -t ot the basal sections 2 engaging the upper or tree edges ot' the First row ot' members l, which arrangement will align the 'tree ends oit the projections G with the terminal edge oi the root-see Figs. l and -lg next, this last operation is repeated until the entire side ot' the rooting is complete; next, these operations are carried out for the other side ot the rooting; then a flashing' G is positioned over the upper tree edges ot' the uppermost members l and secured in any desired manner. As shown at the lett hand end ot' Fig. l, the upper portion ot' the last laid members is plane and not consistent with the resulting assembly of rooting members l. To avoid this condition and undesirable appearance, l take the projections (i, which were sawed ott' from the tirst row of members 1 and position them on the last row of members (see right hand side ot Fig. l), so that tion.

the same construction as well as eye appearance is maintained throughout all portions ot the rooili.

In constructing and applying a siding, it will be understood that the same steps are carried out.

lVhile either 'torni ot construction may be used for finishinga side wall or a portion thereof or either form may be used for the rooting, the i'orms shown in Figs. 2, 2, 3, 4 and (S are preferable tor the rooting due to the tile and color eliects that may be produced thereby.

Figs. 10, 1l and l2 illustrate another ltorni of construction making it possible to produce a lurther eye appearance 'tor decorative or tile efleet purposes. ln this Ytorni o'lconstruction the lower portion oi each covering section t3 is provided with superinijuised sections or tabs S), `which may be formed with the section 3, integrally as shown in Fig. 13, or cut out separately and secured by suitable means in position thereon, as shown in Figs. ll and l2. The tabs 9 may be spaced apart a distance substantially equal to their width. The covering members l"L arc preferably laid to bring the tabs 9 in alignl'nent. The upper ends ot the tabs 9 a re. incl ined to insure drainage ot water; otherwise water would accumulate between one tab and the section 3 of 7 the next member V@and cause damage, especially due to freezing in cold weather. To give a synm'ietrical appearance, these ends are inclined downwardly from their centers in opposite directions.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that my improved covering members constitute the complete covering or wall tor a building either as its roof or a side wall or a portion oit a sido wall, serving as a combined supporting means and exposed or weather surface. and elin'linating completely the cost of materials and labor in sheathing the studding or rafters of the structure preparatory to laying the covering. such as weather boards. shingles or tile. its the sheathing and covering are mad and laid as units, both (merations are ellected in and by one. opera- My construction ol covering provides for economical construction not only because it is cheaper in cost, but because it can be made in relatively longl sections, which facilitates its handling, laying and securing in position. Due to the insulation qualities ot the material as well as its adaptability to waterprooling, the covering members provide a durable, air tight and liquid tight wall or cover as a root or side wall 'for a building.

Preferably, the covering sections are formed from sheet material having a thickness oi approximately one-halt inch, so that the members when laid give the appearance of tile. By covering these sections with ground mineral of ditl'erent colors and laying them with the colors in alternate arrangen'ient or according to some design the tile or decorative effect is increased.

lVhere the sections are molded or conr pressed. their surfaces may be shaped other than flat and the projections 6 may be of convex-concave 'torni it desired.

To those skilled in the` art to which my invention relates, many changes in construction and Widely ditlering embodiments and applications the inif'ention ivill suggest themselves ivithout departing troin the spirit and scope thereof. My disclosures and the description herein are purely illustrative and are not intended. to be in any sense limiting.

iVhat I claim is:

l. A composite cover iuei'iiber comprising a basal section `termed of relatively rigid inaterial and a rigid covering` section iornied of interlaced opcn-ivork .iibers highly insulating as compared to ivood and secured to .said basal section in face to face relation, said covering` section extending beyond one side edge ol1 the basal section to overlap the covering' section of an adjacent cover member and the side edges of the basal section being arranged to engagethe side edges oli adjacent basal sections of the next upper and lovver roivs of cover members.

2. A Wall construction consisting ot spaced. parallel arranged supporting elements and cover members, each cover member comprising a relatively rigid basal section arranged to lie on said supporting elements and cngage side edge to side edge the basal sections of adjoining members and a relatively rigid covering section toi-med of interlaced open- Work ibers highly insulating as compared to Wood, said covering section being' extended beyond one side edge ot' said basal section and terminating in spaced projections.

3. l relatively long Wall section adapted to engage spaced supports7 comprising a relatiif'ely thick portion forming a truss and a. substantially rigid thin portion formed oi' in terlaccd open-work fibers highly insulating as compared to ivood and extending beyond one longitudinal edge oli said thick portion a distance greater than the transverse vtidth oli said thick portion to torni a covering1 the longitudinal edges ot said thick portion bein arranged to engage the opposite longitudinal edges oi' the thick portions ot adjacent sections to torni a sheathing and the inside `iiace ot said thick portion being inclined iiroin the longitudinal edge from ivhich said thin portion extends to its opposite longitudinal edge so that said edges are equal in thickness, whereby said apron has face to 'face relation with an adjacent apron.

4. A relatively long insulating composite building unit for a roof or ivall comprising relatively rigid sections of diii'erent ividths in tace to face relation to form a relatively thick portion and a relatively thin portion conrposed of interlaced opens-Work liber-s highly insulating as compared to Wood and extending beyond one longitudinal edgeof the `thick portion, said relatively thick portion being arranged vto engage edgetoedge Vthe edges oit' correspondingl portions oi' other lunits and coeojgierate therewith to form a sheathing and the relatively thin portion extending over the joint between said relatively thick portion and the corresponding portion of an adjacent unit, said relatively thick portion serving as a truss tor the unit.v -whereby the latter may be supported on spaced supports,

A relatively long insulating lniilding unit tor a roell or ivall compr ng a relatively thick portion and a relatively thinA por-- tion extending beyond one longitudinal edge et the thick portion, said relatively thick portion being arrangeiil to engage cdge-to edge the edges ot corresponding portions of other units and (5o-operate thereivitlrto 'torni a sheathing and the relatively thin portion ertcnding over the joint between said relatively thick portion and the corresponding portion of an adjacent unit, said relatively thick portion serving `as a truss t'or the unit. one end et the unit .having a perpendicular portion co--extensive ivith said thick portion transversely and an inwardly oitset perpendicular port-ion connected ivith said perpendiciilar portion by an. intermediate angular-lv disposed portion and the opposite end ot the unit being of complementary shape, whereby the unit when in position covers the joint between units or the next adjacent loiver rovi ot units.

G. A combined sheathing and cover unit Afor the rooi' or ivall et a building, comprising' a pair oit' relatively rigid members cemented together in face to face relation. the inner member cooperating ivith similar niembers et other units to form a sheathing and the outer member being extended relative to one longitudinal edge oli the inner men'iber to form an apron and one ot said members beipgyorined oiiwhcat insulatingl material.

t. n.. coinoined .sheathing and cover unit i'or the reo'l er wall oi a building, comprising a pair olf relatively rigid i'iiembers cemented together in ,taco to tace relation, the inner member cooperating With similar meinbers of other units to form a ,sheathing and 'the outer member being extended relative to one longitudinal edge oit the` inner member to ,torni an apron and the outer member being formed oi'i heat insulating material. i

fl. il, roei or ivall building unit comprising a. niain portion and projecting members along` one edge thereof, disposed in spaced relation, one end ot said unit having a perpendicular portion arranged to align With similar end portions ot the immediate adjacent upper or loiver units and an inwardly inclined portion terminating at the upper edge oi' the adjacent space and the opposite end having a- Yptnpendicular portion arranged to align with lil() llt) inoaeoo similar end portions of the immediate adjacent upper or lower units and an outwardly inclined portion terminating at the upper outer end of the adjacent projecting niember7 whereby the latter member covers the joint between units innnediately below it and each end of the unit is coinplen'ientary to the opposite end of the adjoining unit.

S). A building Wall or roel comprising spaced supports and ron's oit cover units mounted on said supports, each unit comprising a basal section arranged to engage edge to edge the basal sections ot upper and lower units and an apron terminating in spaced members; the members on the lowerniost row olE units being removed and secured to the basal sections of the uppermost ron' of units.

l0. A relatively long vall section conn prising a relatively thick portion forming a truss and av substantially rigid thin portion composed of interlaced open-Work fibers highly insulating as compared to Wood and forming an insulating apron and extending beyond one edge of said thick portion a distance greater than the transverse Width of said thick portion to 'torni a covering, the edges oil? said thick portion being arranged to engage the longitudinal edges of the thick portions ol adjacent sections to form a sheathing and the inside face of said thick portion being inclined from the longitudinal edge from which said relatively thin portion extends to its opposite longitudinal edge so that said edges are equal in thickness,

whereby said apron has face to l'ace relation with an adjacent apron.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto alitixcd my signature.

EARL W. LESHER.

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