US1698757A - Internal-combustion motor - Google Patents

Description

Jan. l5, 1929.

c.\F. G. KJELLBERG INTERNAL coMBUsTroN MOTOR Filed June 22,1925 2 Sheets-Sheet Jan. 15, 1929.

C. F. G. KJELLBERG INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR Filed Jpne 22, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Jan. 15, 192.9.

UNITED srATEs y 1,693,757 PariszNTv oFFici/i.y

CARL FREDRIK GUNNAR KJELLBERG, OF TROLLHATTAN, SWEDEN.V

rINTERNAL-COllrIBUSTION MOTOR.

Application led June 22, 1925, Serial No. 38,645, andy in Sweden April 3, 1924. Y

The present invention reiates to tiro-stroke cycle internal combustion motors, and particularly to such motors which are provided with a pump for introducing' an additional supply of air to increase the charge of the Working cylinder and, thus, the output of the motor, and to such motors Where the Whole of the quantity of air present in the pump'A cylinder is forced into the Working' cylinder, in order to serve in its entirety as an explosive fuel mixture. The invention is directed to regulating means for the pump so devised that the requisite induction pressure of the pump does not exceed the pressure of coniiression attained in the Wei-kino' cylinder at o the end of the induction period, besides which the Work to be efiectedby the motor to drive the piston of the pump will be the least possible.

In order to relieve the Working cylinder of lthe combusted gases of explosion in a tWostroke cycle Vmotor of common design, a

scavenging air pump is provided which expels the gases of combustiomand also fills.

the Working cylinder with fresh air. In order that the gases of combustion may be removed from .the cylinder, there are provided channels adapted to be opened before the Working piston has completed its Working stroke, and for the short period available it is necessary that the outlet channels stand open also during a portion of the compres# sion stroke of the piston. The volume of air removed out of the uforkiiig cylinder through the outlet channels during the compression stroke reduces the charge ofthe Working cylinder, and it is this volume of air which, primarily, is to be supplied to the .vorking cylinder to complete the charge. ln'order further to increase the output of the motor, a larger rolumc of air than the one removed vthrough the outlets may be supplied to the cylinder, and the Working cylinder' thus re4 ceives a surplus charge. t

It is previously known, in a two-stroke cycle internal combustion motor, to increase tlie charge of the Working cylinoer by the arrangement of a pump adapted to force a quantity of air determined' by the volume of the pump cylinder. into the Working cylinder, duringthe period of the compression stroke of the Working piston determined by the position occupied by the Working piston when the outlet openings are closed, and by the position in which the explosive mixture is ignited, in such a manner, that the piston ofthe pump for instance is actuated by a cam which is soV adjusted that the pump stroke is completed during the said period of induction.

Ygenerally corresponds to a position of the crank pin located 25 degreesto 30 degrees before the position of maximum compression, and because the air supplied must be introduced into the Working cylinder somo time before the piston has reached the position of ignition, i. e. when the crank pin is located at a point about degrees before the point corresponding to the maximum compression, there will remain 60 degrees for the induction period. Tliis'involves that the pump piston must complete the Whole induction stroke during a movement. of the Working piston corresponding to 60 degrees of the movement of the crank pin. From this it follows that tlievelocity of induction of the pump piston will be very high. the piston, the greater will the forces of acceleration be, and the greater Will be the Work required to drive the pump;` This greater amount of Work reducesl the eiiciency of the motor to a corresponding extent. If the iu- `duction stroke of the um beo'ins earlier The greater the speed ofV any extent terminates later, the air supplied will not have suflic-icnt time to mix with the air present in the Working cylinder, before :ignition takes place. Again, if a springr actuated valve is arranged in the conduitl f between theA pump cylinder andthe working cylinder', the spring load may counteract thc induction of air into the Working cylinder before the outlet openings are closed, but :it

the saine tiinesuch spring load offers a rcsistance during the induction period, so that the induction pressure lin the punip `is increased inthe same degree beyond the pressure of compression attained in t-lie Working cylinder. i

The present invention removes the drawbacks set forth herein in such a manner that the pump piston Vmay begin the compression stroke long before the induction of the air into the Working cylinder commences, With- Cie ' 2j "the `Working pieren orf-eig pyin out any portion oiihe pui'np vifohinie' being' introduced into ehe 'Worhingeyiinder before the outlet openings are closed, and the pressure'ocompression etained yin thepinnp Wiii` not-oe higher than the Compression vprei-youre at# tained in the working Cylinder?rah-thieend of the compression period. Y

The inventionieiihiereiedhy wey. di e3;- mnpie in ihe eee-oinmnying drmvinge Where,

,--and show iin enihodin'ient oi?A :i two- `etroe (elenioior in Whieh'he invention-hns -heen iai'iiized, whereas 'Figs 1i, -iindf er diugrainn'iii'tie repreeeni'arions of Lhe control -n'iehzinieni iii-Various posit-ions. Fig'. fi shows e section of the n-iooron ihe lineil-fi infifig. *die poeiti on yiii-Whidi theeonipreszeion eroke begine; Fig. 2 ieiilongitudinal emotion o'it the inoeor Cirri-ie iine 2-2 in Fig. '-1, und'tekenthroughihe .puni-p ejviinder zien-eil uei'iiroiigh ihe Working @lindenV `Fig. 8 is e :aeeion'on Vthe iine i in Figz, Lhe eonroi mechanism being in thepoeiioiioeorresfzponiling 'io theposiions laented'in 'FigzsSQ-mi'ci 3, wherein the p iinip eyeteni eoinnieneee-the comprese-,ion stroke. Fig.

- derere Closed, find-the induet-ionis about to 'begin Fig'. 'ilh'ietreieerhepoeition ofiihe control mechanism it he end oi Jdie induetionetrohe oi the piiinp pigeon, and Fig. 6 the posit-ion oi' the oonroi nie-ehanisni during` the Yonction stroke ofthe puinp'pieton.

:in the present ease,'the lcrank casing a or" the nioborizihee he form of zi seii'enging pump, the air being sucked duringthe conipres'sion Stroke of the Working piston, through the mh/'e i7), end lpressed during the Workin` sir-oke oli the working` piston rj", throughrhe channel c, into the Working Cylinderflyihe airthen expelling the eoinbueed grises; -hrong'h iihe oiiiiet e. Thesczivenging pinnp may, vWiihoiit the ifinoipie oi'f'rhe 4inweniionheingdeparted from, he zirrengedin any-Suitable Way other than in the crank orieend lrho channel may also he diepoeed in the upper porfwno the working ojyri `throi..,'h a-Ysueion channel 3, with the :limosphere. or, perhaps, with ai ozirhuretorfi. ine 'indiieiion oi: the :iir7 or of `the fuel iniiii'ure, into the, pump, takes piece through' a ehennei 5 opening into the upperportion 'of ihe Working' oyiinder d, 4seid ohanne being located so thatthe pist-on f ofthe Working cylinder does `not @over JEhe Channel 5 before the induction of 'he Charge is Completed. The channel 5 'the YChannel 5.

nder, ,und he provided wih any eut-oli ineens other niajigwithout the prineiple-oiithe vinvention being depari'ed from, bi1/arranged in any suitzibie pie-ee in the upper portion of the Working' yiinder. biihihe most .a dv antageone is io piece the ohanneioin euch a nimmer that 'the Workin-fpieton Wiii oever ehennei 5 ininiodniteiy after the induction has when piace, in'or-derthofthe highestpreeure of explosion in the Working Cylinder ehziii not aieet Providedheween y'channels 3 :1nd 5 is Liv-alveo eontroiiing, bye roieryinoiioin-ihe iniei's ofthe Chennei-S 3 and 5 and' die eonnooeing ohenneiioi: me punip eyiinder i. *Thee ironing ehiuinei, ihni-ie'o'say chennei S he eneiion'inio therpinnp, Vzindf channei for the induction oi" the eharge VinoV 'ehe working cylinder, nre arranged with ein intermediate position ineiieh a mennerl'hzit, Wheniihewzive Stops inihis inierniefiiiaife poeiiion7 he twofehenneisf and ereeiifoi "rem ihe conne/einig channel o'f-hefpuinp. The vorrei@ ning'. eiiherhe errangedos e ronary-mire, es ;-;h-: f-:;'i-inhe di'ewingfor o siide. valve, (ii-,mvo -v-zi vee-.nioy'he provided which y:ire ls;eper-rely eon'i'roilebie, Without he prinei'iieof he inven'iion'heingdeparted from, seid two valves being Closed -in the above mentioned inteiinediee position. AThe pieion' oifhe punipreoeives itsonoion ifor 1 e indiioiion skrokeihroiigh'theeeiion oi a odiny dish l0 adiaped `o reise en arnill'lwhich, again, is adapted to :iciuae the puinp piston Q'hynieens oil-the oonneeeingrod i2. Accordingl io the diawing,`i-iiei'e also provided a epi-ing :i3 ziciiaing'ihepuinp fpiston 2 in the sueion stroke. "in'pioee Vofthe spring, VLhere indy, for instance, be arranged enohereein ior-he Suction Stroke and, aiemthe pui'np pieg ion 2 may be ziotueedlhy eonieother driving ineens having ehe Sonie eiieo't, iri'hoiit he principio 'of ihe inienion Abeing deparied om. rihe valve iS receives ite rohiry motion during Vhe compression Stroke of the piinip p'son 2, through-'the zietionon. @ein diei; ii zidepied to iifi; :in erin l5, 'Whioin in tiirn iidziped to activite, through the medium/oi" a connecting rod linen erin l? connecte-d with 'the Vziive i5. rhe rorery'inotion, .for ihe :nieiioai eiroiie oilheipnnip Apieton 2, is 'inipziried io ihe'iziiA/e (i 'nioligh the notion oi' a springA The 'wire 5 may, 'Without Ehe prineipie oi the inveiiionhei ,pziriied fromn rereive 'its motion ihroiigh ieonie driving ineens other "rhan Chet described.

n dissoiosed in Figs; l, 2 and 3 o'' die drawing, theworkingpiston has eoinpleer rhe working Stroke', and emveng'ing piace. At die Saune time die piston of *die Chargepuinphes eoinpietedthe eueion siroiie and is ahour to Commence Vthe indiioijion Stroke. rihe outlet openings e are S13-iii en- '-irely open. "if he valve 6, inhichw vith iis Chan- 'nei 'has connected the'ohennels B sind 7 for suction in he nei-ii preceding "-inornen7 now closes theconnecting-channel 7 of the puin-p.

At the motion of the crank shaft in the direction of the arrow the working piston f is displaced by the crank shaft, and thepumpy pision 2 is displaced by the cam disk l0, in an upward direction. The connecting channel T of the pump being' closed, the air in the pump will be compressed at the displacenient of the ti-nf has reached the position 19 indicated in dash lines in l, the outlet openings e being then closed, the corresponding position for the crank shaft being' indicated in Fig. l by the line 26.' A Immediately thereafter, that is to say at the position of the crank shaft indicated by the line 2l in Fig; l, the valve 6 has assiuned the position disclosed in Fig, 5 through the action of the cam 14, While the pump piston 2 has reached a position indicated the dash lines 22 in Fig, 3. Thus the pump has been brought into communication with the Working' cylinder through the connecting channel 7, the valve channel 9 and the channel, after which the induction of the charge commences. The induction of the charge takes place at the continued motion of the pump piston 2, until the pump strole termina-tes, or, When the pump piston has practically reached the top of the cylinder. In this position the Working piston has reached theline A23 indicated in Fig. l, said line corresponding to the line in Fig. l indicating thev position of the crank shaft, and to the position occupied by the valve 6 and its cam le' in Fig. In this position, the pump piston 2 commences the suction stroke, during which the valve 6 assumes the position indicated in Fig. 6, so

that the connecting channel 7 is brought into comn'iunication With the suction channel 3 through the` valve channel S. The Valve 6 maintains this position until the pump piston 2 has nearly completed the suction stroke. In order to elucidate the various positions in Fi;` 3. 4t, 5 and 6, the periods of displacement oi. the cam disks are designated' With corresponding numbers 2l, 2st and 25. Inasinuch as the angle of displacement of the puinp piston 2' depends on the number of revolutions of the motor, on the time of closing the outlet openings, and on other circumstances, the positions indicated in the drawing for the working pistoin the pump piston and the valve may be displaced, With out the principle of the invention being departed from.

lVhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States of America is l. In an internal combustion engine of the piston controlled exhaust port type, a pump for introducinff an additional charge into the cylinder, a valve controlled passage between the pump and the cylinder, driving means for said pump timed to begin the pump induction stroke before the cylinder exhaust port piston 2, until the Workingpisis closed, and mechanism for Yactuating the valve to open the passage after the cylinder 'exhaust port is closed.`

2. in an internal combustion engine of the iston controlled exhaust port type, a pump for introducing an additional charge into the Working cylinder, a pump inlet port, a pump outlet port coii'in'iunicating With the Working cylinder, a pump cylinder port, a valve controlling said pump ports, mechanism for positively actuating said valve, and driving means.

driving means for said pump timed to begin the pump compression stroke before the cylinder exhaust port is closed.

4. In an internal combustion engine of the piston controlled exhaust port type, a pump for introducing an additional charge into the Working cylinder, a pump inlet port,` a pump outlet port communicating with the working cylinder at a point before the position reached by the piston head at upper dead center, a pump cylinder port, a valve controlling said pump ports, mechanism for actuating said valve, and driving means for said pump timed to begin the pump induction stroke before the cylinder exhaust port is closed.

- 5. In an internal combustion motor of the t vo cycle type, a working cylinder, a Working piston therein, outlet openings in said cylinder adapted to be closed at the beginning of the compression stroke, a pump for introduc- Y ing an additional charge into said cylinder, a

piston in said pump, piston operating means driven from the motor shaft and irregularly actua ting said piston lo increase the average veloi'fity of said piston during its induction stroke in proportion to the average velocity of said Working piston, said piston operating means being timed to begin actuation of said piston for the induction stroke before said outlet openings are closed, a passage connectingsaid pump with said Working cylinder, a valve in said passage, and valve actuation means driven by the motor shaft to open said valve after said outlet openings have been closedt 6. In an internal combustion engine of the two cycle type, a Working cylinder, exhaust ports in said Working cylinder adapted to be closed at the beginning of the compression of the sbroke, a pumpcylinder, a piston therein, a Valve membeiga passageway om said pump cylinder to said vaive'membei-, aiseeend passageway fromv said Valve member te said wor-king ejylinde, a third passageway from a souce air te said valve member., lsaid yale/e menibereoinpi'ising a piuraity of ebannels in spaced lieiatien to each other and adaped feo perferm .the epeiations oi" esablishing 'Ceniimnnieatien Ybetween said lirst passageway said third passageway i'oi ihe s d moiei shaft if; operate said Valve membez 'eo-esibabiM communication between said {iiV and second'passageways after said eX- T.. in an internal ,combustion engine as claimed-1n claim 6, saidcam .having a suction position, an intermediate position, .and anV induction pesitien, tbe intenmediate position holding the Valve member in closed position digiring the Erst part 0I" the pump :piston Vinduction streke, and .the ,indnetien posibion establish-ing eemmnnieafion beween the iirst passageway and the secend passageway after said exhaust ports have-been ciesed. I

8. Ln an inernal combustion engine as Claimed in claim 6, said passageway i'em said Valve member.q to .said werkingeylinder vopening into said wonkn-g cylinder .aba ,peint below die :positien ieacbed by said piston on eompletien of the compression stroke.

n itestimeny wbeeof I aix mysignat-m'e. CARL FEETK GUNNR 'Jla.

Images