US1696950A - Hydraulic motor - Google Patents

Description

Jan. I, 192%. l,696,950

F. Y; .HARRIsoN HYDRAULIC MOTOR `Filed June 14,- 1922 4 SheetS- Sheet 1' l I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Jan. 1,1929.`

F. Y. HRRlsoN HYDRAULIC MOTOR Filed June 14, 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet 2l Jan. l, 1929. l,696,950

w F. Y. HARRlsoN HYDRAULIG MTH Filed June 14.- 1922 4 sneets-sneet 3 Jan. 1, 1929. i 1596,950

F. Y. HARRISON HYDRAULI C MOTOR Filed June 14, ts--sneet 4 Patented Jan. 1, 1929.

tree rates imATENT GFFICE.

FRANK Y. HARRISON, OF DETRIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS,

T0 RLEY STOKERCORPORATION, OF W'ORCESTER, MASSAGHUSETTS, A CORPORA- TION OF IVIASSACHUSET''.

HYDRAULIG ivro'ron.

My present invention concerns novel structural and Operating features in hydraulic and other similar' motors designed especially, but not restrictedly, for use in actuating' the movable parts of furnace-stokers, such as gratebars. clinlers-grinders, fuel-feeding plungers or pistons, etc. V

Many stokers are operated by small steamengines Working through reduction gearing to obtain the necessary relatively slow movements of the parts.

p Such engines, while more or less satisfuctory in some installations, especially those of comparatively large size and capacity, are not so well adapted for efiicient einployment in small plants.

According'ly, the present hydraulic drive has been produced which has many features of benefit and advantage over other styles and types of Operating mechanism.

l/Vith such improved hydraulic drive mechanism water alone from the city main may be used for small installations as the source of power, provided the pressure is adequate, for example, if the hydraulic pressure in the main is in the neighborhood of -thirty live pounds per square inch.

,For larger plants, it is desirable to have a greater pressure imposecl on the water and this is readily derived from the steam pressure of the boiler with which the'stoker is associated or from any other appropriate source, and under such conditions, there is a substantially less consumption of steam than where a steam-engine is used under like circumstances.

The new hydraulic drive, because it is coupled directly to the stolcr mechanism to be operated, is simple in structure and is free from gearing, especially reduction gearing, whereby wear of such gearing and its noise are absent, thus particularly adapting the present appliance for use in hospitals, schools, public buildings, etc., where quietness of op eration is essential.

The new motor, as compared with the usual steam-engine, is of much less weight, has fewer parts, requires less initial cost, involves less cost of maintenance and less depreciation, demands less attention, is more reliable in operation, and has less pressure on valve paclrings.

The hydraulic drive mechanism being compact in construction needs less space for installation than an engine and its structures thus renders it adaptable for meeting particular building conditions where space is of especial consequence. i

lVhen the hydraulic motor is used with city water pressure, it can be started at any time, even before steam pressure is developed in the boiler with which the stoker is associated.

The new appliance while being particularly adapted for satisfactory einployment in small installations is fully suited to meet conditions in large plants and can be used to wholly re-. place the steam-engine now coinmonly used if desired.

To enable those skilled' in this art to have a full and complete understanding of this invention and the various benefits accruing from its employment, I Vhave illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, a des'irable and preferred embodiment of the invention and throughout the several views of these drawings, like referencecharacters have been emp-loyed for the sake of simplicity.

In these drawings: v

Figure 1 is a front elevation of the improved appliance;

Figure 2 is a plan view of the same construction showing` some of. the plates of the furnace in horizontal section;

Figure 3 is an end elevation of the structure;

Figure 4 is a Vertical central section though the main cylinder and valve mechanism; and

Figure 5 is a detailed view of the parts of the appliance for Operating the valve mechanism.

Referring to these drawings, it will be perceived that the hydraulic--inotor includes a power-cylinder 11, which may, if desired, bc

mounted in any approved fashion on the front of the face-plate 12 of the furnace with which the motor is associated and the movable elements of the stolrer of which it operates.

Such cylinder houses a piston or plunger 18, the piston-rod lli of which extends out through a pressure-tight stuffing-box 15 beyond which it is operatively connected to the parts of the stoker (not shown) which it is the function of the motor to operate during the reciprocations of the pisten and its rod.

Such piston is reciprocated back and forth by 'means of a liquid, such as water, under pressure which' is admitted to and discharged from the end port-ions of the cylinder by novel means about to be described.

The valve mechanism is desirably mounted directly on top of the cylinder and comprises a suit'ably-shaped member equipped with a steam-chestor cylinder 16 with recessed end walls 17 and 18, such coinpartment or chamber accommodating a valve-red 19 cai'rying two pistons 21 and 22 at its opposite en-ds and supplied with ports 23 and 24 extended through them.

Each of such pistons is held between an enlargement- 25 on the valve-red and a nut U6 screwed on the threaded end of the rod, each piston being' .litted with a plurality of pistonrings to snugly fit the inner eylindrical surface of the cylinder.

Between the specified enlargements 25, the rod is supplied with a slide-valve 27 having a flat under face sliding o-r riding on the top plane surface of an apertured or channeled 'member 28 boltcd or screw-held against the bottom of the steam cylinder and closing; its otherwise open bottom central section, all as is fully shown in Figure 4.

Part 28 has a central., discharge passage. or channel 29 and two other' apertures 31 and 32, whereas valve 27 has two Vertical ports 33 and 34 extended therethrough and a cavity or recess 35 on .the central part of its under surface.

Then the valve is in one position, as indicated in Figure 4, passage 31 is in communicat-ion with the in erior of the steam-chest through valve-port 33 and passage 32 is connected to the exhaust channel 29 through the l'ecess or port 35.

Obviou'sly, when the valve is at the other end of its stroke such connectio-ns are reversed.

The steam or other fluid under pressure is admitted to such Chamber or eompartment 16 through its top wall by means of an inletpipe 36 connected to any suitable source of fluid under pressure, such as the steam boiler with which the furnace stoker is associated, `yand such admission pipe, byV means of a pair of branches 37 and 38 and passag'es and 41 in the end-walls l7iand 18, whicn really form supporting brackets for the steam-chest, is connected to two oppositc, small, supplieinental cylinders 42 and 43 in the lower parts of such end walls' and whose outer ends are closed by threaded plugs 44.

The tops of such auxiliary cylinders by means of right-angle passages or conduits 45 and 46 in the end-walls are connected to the ends of the steam-chest for a purpose hereinafter indicated.

Such small cylinders aceommodate pistons or valves 47 and 48, respectively, each having its piston- rod 49 or 51 extended through a corresponding` stufling-box 52.

One, that is the inner, face of each such small piston or valve is bevelled as shown to bear on a similarly shaped end-wall of the cylinder, in which Vposition the piston or valve' closes the passage 45 or 46 as the case may bc.

Between each valve or piston 47 and 48 in its closed position and its stufiing-box, the cylinder is equipped with the exhaust or dischrrg'e ports or 54 respectively leading to any suitable. exhaust pipe or pipes or to the outer air. i

In order that these valves or pistons may be operated the pro-per times to effect the movement-s of the main valve 27, the following cooperating intrumentalities are employed. i

An arm 55 is rockingly mounted (to compensate for slight irregularities in alignment of parts) at one end on piston-rod 14 between collars 56, 56, fastened to such rod, the opposite end of the arm being similarly connected between nuts 57, 57, to a. rod 58 slidable in an inner short sleeve 59 carried inside of and secured to a longer, outer sleeve 61 sliding'ly mounted in bearings 62, 62 in extensions of the heads or end- Walls 63 and 64 of the main cylinder 11.

At one end, this external reciprocatory sleeve has a cap 65 fitted and fastened thereto and at its other end it is equipped With a collar 66 secured to it, such terminal members limiting' or restricting` the stroke of the sleeve.

Rod 58 within the outer sleev'e has at one end a round enlargement or head 67 of substantially the same external dia-meter as the internal Caliber of the outer sleeve, and the head has a threaded extension or stud 68 fitted in it and adapted to be helcl in adjusted position by a lock-nut 69.

As the rod is moved to the left by reason of the travel of the piston-rod, when it nears its limit of travel, the head engages the righthand end of the inner sleeve 59 and moves both united sleeves to the left; and, on the other hand, as the rod is moved to the right and approaches the end of its travel in that direction, the end of stud 68 str'ikes the cap G5 and carrics both sleeves to the right.

The opposed ends of the two valve or piston- rods 49 and 51 fit in sockets in the opposite ends of a. spool-shaped member 71 havingl cylindrical, terminal lang'es '72. 72 bctween which is accommodated a bifurcated end part of an arm 74 having a hub 75 fitted over and fastened to the outer sleeve 61.

Thus the sliding movements of the comhined or united sleeves, brought about intermittently by the travel of the power pistonred, are employed to actuate the valves'or pistons 4-7 and 48 in alternation to effect the required reciprocation of the main steamvalve as explained hereinafter.

The exhaust passage or port 29 is connected to any suitable discharge-pipe 81 (Figure 3) passage 32 being in communication with the iuterior of the top of a reservoir tank or socalled (bottle 82 through a steam-pipe 83; whereas, channel or conduit 31 is connected to the interior of the top of a similar, Companion tank or bottle 84 by a steam-pipe or tube 85.

The right-hand end of the power cylinder 11 of the motor is connected by a water-pipe 86, equipped with acontrol-valve 87, to the bottom. of tank 84; and, in similar manner, the left-hand end of the motor' cylinder' is coupled to the lower end of tank 82 by .a water-pipe 88.

It will beobserved, therefore, that there is a cross connection between the ports or passages 31 and 32 and the ends ofthe cylinder with which they are associated through the tanks and complementary water-pipes.

In addition, a. water' inlet pipe 89 joined to any source of supply is connected to the bottoms of the two tanks through pipes 91 and 92, each equipped with a norn'ially-closed valve 93 and 94 respectively.

The operation of the appliance occurs practically as follows, assuming that the parts of the mechanism are in the positions shown and thatthe piston 13 is traveling slowly to the left, and assuming, further, that the system is supplied with a proper amount of water which fills the cylinder 11 and the pipes 86' and 88 and partially fills the two tanks.

The movement of the piston to the left is brought about by the flow of steam under pressure from. the steam-Ghost through valveport 33, passage 31 and pipe 85 into the top of the. tank or *bottle 84, such steam displacing the water therein and forcing` it out through the bottom of the tank and through the pipe 86' and valve 87 into the right-hand part of the cylinder 11 where it performs its work of forcing 01' pressing the piston to the left.

Of course, during such travel of the piston, the water to its left in the cylinder is discharged by it through pipe 88 into tank 82, such water in entering the tank forcing out the steam above the water through pipe 83, passage 32, valve-port 35, discharge passage 29 and eXhaust-pipe 81.

As the piston approaches the end of its stroke to the left, the enlarged head 67 of the rod 58, which travels with it, by reason of the connection 55 between such rod and the piston-rod, engages the right-hand end of the inner sleeve 59 and carries both sleeves and the arm 'Z 4 fa stened to the external one to the left.

Such arin in turn shifts the spool-shaped sleeve to the left, thelatter pushing the rod 49 and its valye piston 47 in the same direction against or in opposition to the steam pressure behind' it.

Theretofore, by reason of the small steamports 23 and 24, the steam pressure had been ba-lanced on the opposite outer faces of the pair of pistons 21 and 22, but such movement of the piston-valvec47 opened passage 45 to ton 13 to the right, the water to the right of such piston being forced by itstravel out through pipe 86 into tank 84 expellingV the uncondensed and condensed steam therefrom through pipe 85, passage 31, valve-port or' recess 35, passage 29 into the eXhaust-pipe 81.

As soon as the piston begins its stroke to the right carrying arm 7 4 with it, the pistonvalve 47 by reason of the full steam pressure behind it and the reduced pressure in front of it returns to its conical seatI closing passage 45.

`When the power piston 13 approaches the end of its stroke to the right, the end of the threaded extension or stud 68 Strikes the end cap 65 and shifts both sleeves 59 and 61 to the right, the arm 74 moving valve 48 and causing the reversal of the steam-valve 27, whereupon the power piston starts its travel to the left again, water being admitted to the cylinder to the right of the piston, and that in. the cylinder to the left of the piston being` discharged by the latter into the proper tank ready for use in forcing the piston to the right upon the next reversal of connections.

As soon as the position of arin 74 permits, valve 48 closes by reason of the steam pressure behind it.

A certain portion of the steam employed condenses because of its contact with the water, but such condensed vapor is discharged with the remaining steam during the exhausting actions of the appliance.

Valve 87 in the water-pipe 86 controls and governs the speed of operation of the motor because it regulates or determines the permissible speed of flow of water either to or from the power cylinder.

Only one such valve is required because it is always operative since .it alternatively governs the flow of water to one end of the cylinder and its passage from such end.

lVlien performing the latter function of regulating the discharge of water from the cylinder, it indircctly governs the rate of fiow of water into the other end of such cylinder.

It will be noted that the slide valve mechanism directly controls the steam and indirectly controls the action or flow of water under pressure through such steam.

:y employing the water regulating i'ialve 87 in one of the Water-pipes, it is possible to use full steam pressure in the Valve or steam 'chest and such adequate pressure is always instantly available to overeome any obstructi'on to the operation of the mechanism as sometimes occurs in connection with fur eee stokers;

rlhe appliaiice can be more or less satisfactorily Operated by throt-t-ling the steam rather than the water but ordinarily it is preferable to regulate the water iiow rather than the steam and run under redueed steam pressure.

t will be perceived7 there-fore, that the several speciiied and o'the'i' objects of the invention. have been attained in the commercial form of the slow acting liquid motor presented in detail, but it is to he remembei'ed that the invention is not limited and restricted to the precise and 'exact mechanical construction illustrated and described, but rather that the invention is susceptible of a variety of embodiments all diifering more or less in mechanical details but all iiicorporatingv the main underlying prineiples of the invention.

Stated somewhat differently, the invention is susceptible of ineorporation in several physical forms without departure from the heart and essen'ce of the inventioi'i and With- 'out the sacrifiee of any of its substant-ial bene- 0 fits and advantages;

I claim i In a hydraulie motor of the Character described, the combination of a cylinder, a reciprocatory piston therein, a pair o'f taks, means to connect 'one tank to one end of said cylinder, means to connect the 'Companion tank to the opposite end of said cylinder, a steam-Valve-chest, a ported Valve therein', means conuecting said tanlis indii'fiduully to two ports of a three-ported n'ienibei' With which said Valve cooperates, the third port being` ah exhaust port, said Valve in one position being adapted to connect one tank with the steam under substaiitially unifo'rii'i p'i'essure in said steam-valVe-ehest and to connect the other tank 'With the exhtust, and in its other position to reverse said connectioiis, a pair of ported plunger's in sziid steam-Velvec'hest connected and adapted to operate said valve, and means actuated by said piston to intermitte-ntl)7 temporarily unbalan'ce the steam pressures on said plungers to cause them to operate the Valve to revei's'e the steam and exhaust connections. H w

l'n Witness Whereof I have hereunto set my hand. i

FRANK Y. HARRISON.

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