US1696387A - Crushing machine - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 25, 1928. 1,696,387

P. L. CROWE GRUSHING MACHINE Filed Nov.- 25, 1925 sheets-sheet 1 o o o o o o o o o 3 b o o o o o o o o o JZL Lrowa IN VEN TOR BY v/ a ATTORNEE Dec. 25, 1928. 1,696,387

P. CROWE CRUSHING MACHINE Filed Nov. 25, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet P J21 Urozve,

INVENTOR.

I BY I Z A TTORNEY.

I P. L.'CROWE CRUSHING MACHINE Filed Nov. 25, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 IN VEN TOR.

I A TTORNEY.

BL. Urozms;

Patented Dec. 25, 1928.

PAUL L. CROWE, F BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

CRUSHIN'G MACHINE.

Application flled November 25, 1925. Serial No. 71,419.

This invention relates to crushing and assorting machines, and especially to a machine for crushing solid materials and separating the crushed material into difl'erent grades and kinds.

One object of the invention is to provide a machine of'this character which is especially adapted to the operation of crushing cinders and unburned or partly burned coal and separating ashes from the same While also separating the coke from the coal, thereby producing several useful and marketable grades and kinds of material Which are compara tively useless, unmarketabl'e and in the way, 5 when they are uncrushed and mixed.

Another object is to provide a device of this character that separates iron and other magnetic materials from the nonmagnetic materials.

Another object is to free the coke and coal from ashes on the surfaces of the lumps, to avoid dust inhandling the coal and coke.

Another object is to provide a machine of this character that consists of few and simple parts so assembled and united that the wearing parts can be removed and replaced with comparative ease.

Other objects and important feature are pointed out or implied in the following de tails of description, in connection with the accompanying drawings in which- Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view along the line 1-1 of Figure 3.

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view along the line'2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 isa vertical sectional view along the line 33 of Figure 1. 1

Figure 4 is a cross sectional view of a magnetic cylinder of modified form.

Figure '5 is an exterior view of a magnetic sieve-plate such as the eight that make up the perimeter of the drum or cylinder shown in Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view of the form shown in Figure 1, the section being along the line 6-6 of Figure -1.

Figure 7 is a top plan view of the form shown in Figure 1. v 1

Figure 8 is a sectional detail View of the oscillatory crushing member or movable hopper-section shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7.

Figure 9 is a horizontal sectional frag mental View of the base-member and vertical separating plate or wall.

Figure 10 is a detail view of a modified form of movable hopper-section or crusherplate.-

Figure 11 is a vertical central sectional view of a modified form of machine that embodies several features different from those I in Figures 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7.

Figure 12 is a top plan view of a crushing and separating machine having a substantially conical or funnel-shaped hopper, the top and base of which are substantially circular.

Figure 13 is a top plan detail of the hoppersection seen at the right in Figure 12.

Figure 14 is an enlarged top plan view of the machine-base shown in Figure 11, one set of the ball-bearing-races being shown in horizontal section.

Figure 15 is a central longitudinal sectional View of anothermodified form of the magnetic cylindrical sieve.

Figure 16 is a cross sectional view of another form of magnetic sieve.

Figure 17 is a cross sectional view of still another form of the magnetic cylindrical sieve.

of the hopper-section shown in Figures 12 and 13, also showing one of the two eccentricstraps or forked actuating elements in side elevation.

Referring now to the drawings, in 'detail, in which similar reference characters correspond to similar parts, it will be seen that all. forms of the invention embody the following, viz, a main frame, (A, A, A) that includes a stationary hopper-section, a movable or oscillatory hopper-section (B, B B that cooperates with the stationary section for crushing material in the hopper and discharging the crushed material through the outlet of the hopper, a rotary magnetic sieve (0, C C C C, C and G which is hollow to provide an air-passage therethrough, a rotary fan (D, D to induce airthrough the air-passage of the hollow rotary sieve, and a separating partition or wall (E). Each form also contemplates the use of a separator and washer for coal and coke such as shown on the partition E (Figures 1 and 2), and a flexible or yielding elastically supported pivotal connection Gr as shown in Figure 3) although it appears unnecessary to repeat these Figure 18 is a vertical sectional detail View features in the different views. Figures 1 and 11 show fans which may be either auxil iary or supplemental, and interchangeably embodied in any form of the invention. By an appropriate change of dimensions, any form of rotary sieve may be embodied in any form of'the invention. The rectangular and circular forms of ho per may also be interchangeably embodied in any form of the invention. Figure 6 shows, in full lines, a set of fan blades arranged in a circular series and curved to induce or draw the air inward or centripetally when the fan D is rotated in the direction of its curved arrow, and another circular series or set shown in dotted lines and curved to force the air outward or centrifugally when so rotated. hese sets are typical of those indicated in the form shown in Figure 11, and contemplated to be used in the form shown in Figure 12.

Each main frame includes a base portion or lower section provided with upwardly facin seats or bearings for the hollow journals g0, 0 0 c 0, 0 and 0 and the upper section of each main frame includes downwardly facing seats or bearings to fit over the said hollow journals. However, it is pointed out that the respective journals are of the ordinary sliding type in the forms shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7, whereas they are fitted with ball-bearings in the form shown in Figures 11 and 14. Referring particularly to Figure 14, it will be seen that a semi-cylindrical seat (11 is formed with parallel walls and adapted to receive the cylindrical ballbearing races (05 It will be seen that the inner ball-bearing race is formed in two half sections, as indicated by the central line across the same, and by reference to this ref erence character in Figure 11, it will be seen that the outer bearing race is likewise divided 01' formed of two separable half sections. This arrangement permits the ball-races and balls to be quickly and easily assembled, and when assembled, to be secured in the assembled relation b fitting them in the recess (a and then tting thereover the upper section of the frame which has a similar recess (a It is to be understood that the caring races fit snugly around the journals while the joints between the sections of ball races are tightly closed, so the inner ball races roll on the balls'and turn with the journals (0). The lower frame section of Figure 14 is formed with horizontal flanges (a having holes therethrough for receiving bolts to extend through similar flanges of the upper frame section and hold the upper and lower frame sections securely but separably to one another. Similar flanges (a are shown in- Figures 2 and 3, having bolts therethrough and securing the upper and lower sections together.

Each member C, C C C, C and C preferably includes a cylindrical series of foraminated metal plates (00 00, co c and ac) such as shown in Figure 5, such plates being magnetized by any appropriate means (not shown), and being formed integrally with or separate from the other ele ments of this rotary member. However, a reticulated covering such as indicated in Figure 17, may be formed of a single sheet of screen-wire, especially in forms of the invention not intended to utilize magnetic attraction.

Each member (0) and similar rotary sieves of the different forms, are provided with eccentrics as indicated at (cm) in Figures 1, 3 and 11. The hopper section (B, B 13 is formed with eccentric-straps or forks (b which straddle the respective eccentrics and cooperate therewith for oscillating the movable section of the hopper about its pivots a, one of which pivots is shown in Figures 2 and 3,'the similar and coaxial pivot being removed with the absent section of the machine. These pivots a are preferably screwed or otherwise removably secured in the upper section of the main frame, and normally extend through elongated pivotopenings (6 so the movable hopper section not only swings about the axis of these pivots a, but ma also have a limited movement laterally 0 this axis for the purpose of varying the width of the hoppers outlet. Springs (8) are seated on lugs. (Z) of the main frame and press upward against the movable hopper section, one of such springs and other elements of the group G being shown in Figure 3, the spring (8) being omitted in Figure 2 to prevent hiding other elements; the other group G being removed with the absent section of the machine. It is to be understood that all forms of the machine may be provided with a similar group or groups G or their equivalent. It is also to be understood that such group or groups may be entirel omitted, and that the hopper section may e pivoted at any appropriate position, as indicated by the broken circular lines in the hopper of Figure 3.

Referring again to the fans (D and D) it will be seen that each of these fans includesa circular casing (db and dbl) coaxial with the hollow rotary sieves, secured thereto, in open communication therewith and cooperative therewith in a manner presently explained. Each of these fans also incudes two circular series of fan-blades (db and db these series being separated by a disc (016*). As shown in Figure 6, the rotor travels in the direction of the arcuate arrow, so the inner series (db throws the air centrifugally to the outer edge of the disc (036 and the outer series (116) draws the air centripetally so it passes over the periphery of the disc to the central outlet (db). This outlet may be screw-threaded, as indicated, for securing a pipe or other dust-conveying means thereto, and the peripher of the part 036* may be used to apply a riving belt. However, an appropriate means may be employed for riving the machine, that is, rotating the rotorthereof; for instance, the elements (db may be either magnet-poles or sprocket-teeth for cooperation with any appropriate driving means. a

Referring now to Figure 1, the operation of this form will be described as follows Assuming that a quantity of ordinary furnace residue is to be treated by this machine, such residue including ashes, lumps of coal which, are only slightly burned, lumps of coke, cinders, and nails or other pieces of iron or steel which have gotten into the mass; and that the machine is driven while its hopper is filled or partly filled with such conglomeration or mass of material; it will be seen that the eccentric actuates the eccentricstrap or fork (7)), thereby oscillating the movable hopper section (B) so as to assist gravity in causing the mass to move downward, at the same time crushing the lumps of coal, coke and cinders which are too large to pass through the outlet (0), it being seen that the stationary part of the hopper is formed with a slightly rounded but substan tially vertical crushing face (we), the movable hopper section having a similar crushmg face (he). The ashes and crushed material, from the opening (0), falls on the hol- 10w rotary sieve (C), and the ashes and finer particles pass through the sieve s perimeter to its interior, there coming into the air-current induced by the fan (D), so it is carried first centrifugally, then over the periphery of the disc (036), then centripetally, then out through the discharge opening ((16 While the ashes or dust is thus being disposed of, the rotation of the cylinder or rotor (C) causes the coke, coal and other non-magnetic material to fall on one side of therotor, as indicated by the arrow in Figure 2, while the magnetic material which adheres to the rotor (because of the magnetic attrac tion) is carried beyond the vertical center of the rotor, hence beyond the separating wall or partition (E) At or slightly beyond such vertical center, when the motion of the rotor starts to carry the magnetic material upward,

the inertia of the latter separates it from the magnetic rotor, and it falls on the opposite side of the partition (E) from the coke and coal. The magnetic strength of the rotor can be regulated by any appropriate means, to insure the disengagement of the magnetic magerial at-the proper place, or a scraper or other mechanical means may be employed for disengaging such magnetic material.

For the purpose of separatin coke from the lumps of coal wl iich fall from the rotor or rotary sieve, I provide the separating partition (E) with an apparatus such as shown in Figures 1 and 2, including a bowl the lumps of be (20) having relatively low portions (21 and 22). An inclined strainer (23) extends from the low portion (21) across the inlet of a water tank (24:). The latter being for the purpose of receiving water which overflows from the bowl (20). A water supply ipe has its outlet (26) over the bowl 20),

for discharging water into the latter. The supply pipe has a-lateral branch (27) which extends through the partition into the receptacle (24), so water from the tank can be pumped back into the pipe (25) and be discharged at (26). For this purpose a pump (28) and a motor (29) may be employed. The pipe'(25) is provided with a valve (30) to regulate the flow of water therethrough, such pipe being connected with any appropriate source of water under pressure. A rotary device or pusher (31) is attached to an extension of the shaft of the motor (29). The operation of the apparatus is as follows:

When the mixture of coal and coke fall into the pan (20) the coke will float, and the coal will sink. The coke will pass with water over the overflow or low portion (21) onto the screen or strainer (23) which permits the water to pass therethrough into the receptacle (24), while the coke falls from the screen (23) onto the base of the machine or into a receptacle (not shown) for receiving direction of rotation, of the member 31. Of

course some of the water is wasted, and the valve (30) may be regulated to supply.

enough water to compensate for the waste, but most of the water is used over and over by means of the pump taking the water from the receptacle (24:).

Referring again to the means for creating an air-draft, it should'be understood that thefans (H and H are provided with fan blades (h and 72. the latter being curved in the direction for throwin the air centrifugally, for scattering the list or ashes upon the surface of a stream of water which conveys it out of the way; but the fan-blades (h) are curved in the direction for drawing air in, centripetally, for cooperation with the fan (D), that is, supplying a quantity of air in addition to that which is induced or drawn in through the perforated ends and periphcry. of the rotary sieve.

Referring to Figure 12, it will be seen that the crushing faces are indicated at (L0 and 1 Although I have shown several forms of are the invention, I have not attempted to show' i every possible or practical form of the invention, and I do not intend to limit my patent protection to the structure and arrangement of parts here shown, but claim patent protection within the scope of the claims.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. In a crushing machine, the combination of two hopper-sections provided with apposite crusher-faces, one of said sections being pivotally connected to the other by means of a yielding elastically supported pivotal connection for the purpose I specified, and means to oscillate the pivotally connected hopper-section with relation to the other one of said hopper-sections.

2. In a crushing machine, the combination of a hopper-section having a crusher-face, a pivotally supported member including a crusher-face cooperative with the first said crusher-face and spaced therefrom. to form the hoppers outlet, a rotor including an eccentric and journaled substantially under the pivotal connection of said pivotally supported member, the latter having an eccentricstrap which is open at its lower side and normally embracing said eccentric and removable therefrom by an upward movement thereof, the pivotal supporting'means being movable to permit of such removal of the pivotally supported member for renewal or repair of the latter, said pivotally supported member having an elongated opening through which the pivotally supporting means extends, and elasticmeans normally holding the pivotall supported member in one pivotal relation ut compressible to permit it to move to other pivotal relations for permitting uncrushable materials to pass through said outlet.

3. In a machine for crushing and separating materials, the combination of a frame having thereon a hopper-section, an oscillatory member supported by the frame and provided with means to cooperate with said hopper-section for crushing material and expelling the crushed material, and a rotor journalled in said frame and including means to oscillate said oscillatory member, said rotor also including a hollow sieve having an air-passage therethrough, means being provided to cause air to pass through said airpassagefor expelling dust from said hollow sieve.

4. The structure defined by claim 3, the said rotor including a fan which is an element of said means which causes air to pass through the air-passage. 4

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

PAUL L. GROWE.

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