US1693465A

US1693465A - Method for securing railway rails to their supports

Info

Publication number: US1693465A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1928-11-27
Anticipated expiration: 1945-11-27

Description

Nov. 27, 1928.

1,693,465 P. RAMY METHOD FOR SECURING RAILWAY RAILS TO THEIR SUPPORTS Filed Aug. 20, 1924 IFIFIFIFIF'IFIFIFIFIFIFIFIHK INVENTOR.

P, Rmnv 4 Patented Nov. 27, 1928..

UNITE STATES PAUL RAMx-or BnUssEns, BELGIUM.

mnrnon FOR sncunrive RAILWAY RAILs TO THEIRSUPPORTS.

Application filed August 20, 1924, Serial No. 733,178, and in I ielgium August 27, 1923.

- My invention relates toanimproved method for securing railway rails to their supports the said supports beingindifierently in the form of iron sleepers or in the form of wood sleepers asit is more generally the case for high traffic railways.

One object of my i railway track of high stability 'in which any injurious play of the rails on their supports will be avoided in an eficient and simple man- I181; n l

And a further object of my invention is to prevent any creeping of the rails on the said supports without danger of distortion or breakage of the rails.

As it is well known, t has already been sug gested in the case of rails secured to iron sleepers tov weld the rails to theirsleepers. This method however did not give practically satisfactory-resultsas indeed the welding or the rails to the sleepershad as a result to make the expansions andcontractions ofthe rails impossible, thus causing distortions of the track and even rail-breakages. On the other hand, in the case of rails mounted on Wood-sleepers,-

it has been suggested to combine with the rails and even to weld to the rails special anchoring or anti-creeping devicesadaptedtoact as abutments, against the lateral faces of the wood-sleepers to resist the longitudinal dis placement ofthe rails when they tend to have play on their supports on account of the loosening of the spikes or screws which generally takes place'yery shortly under the repeated running over" ofthe trains; Such devices s however did notwork satisfactorily the anchoring elements producing 111 a very short time, a hammering effect against the wood sleeper, whichhammeringefiect results in all the inconveniences which are encountered 1n With these objectsin view my invention essentially consists in the novel features which will be hereinafter fully described and pointed out in the appended claims. i

' Referring to the accompanying drawings which show several embodiments of my invention and also auxiliary means used coneet nw th y p ov d tha nvention is to secure a Fig. 1 is adiagrammaticview of a railway track showing the rails and their supporting sleepers. H a

Fig. 2 is a side View of one of the rails and corresponds to a section taken on line A--B in Fig. 1, showing the method as applied to the.

fastening of a rail on iron-sleepers.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig.2-but show- 'ing the method as applied in thecaseo f a rail mounted onwood-sleepers by aid oftsupport ing saddles or tie-Plates. Flg. 4 IS a vlew similar to fication.

in Fig. '1 or the drawing I haeshoea me rails 1 mounted ,on supporting sleepers 2] According to my invention each railis rigid-.1

ly connected to a number of sleepersin the central part of its length only, at the place where the expansion and contraction elfects of am odi i are particularly reduced whileonthe contrary the parts of the rail located on both sides of the said number of sleepers are adapted to slide longitudinally to a certain extent on the'corresponding sleepers or supportsso,

as not to interfere. with the expansion. and contraction effects in the said parts of the rail. Consequently the; rail is bodily connected and forms a single block or body in its central part with a number of sleepers and the said body prevents any. creeping oi the rail inthe direction of the traffic on account of its large sliding surface and of its anchoring in v.

the bodyof ballast or road-bed whilst the ends ofthe rail on both sides of-this'a nchoring block or body may slide on their supporting sleepers so as to avoid any distortion of the rail which could otherwise result from an excessive resistance to the expansion or contrac-f tion-strains. Such a method is shown in Fig.

"1, in which thesleepers 2 are divided into three groups on the whole length ofthe rail. The centralgroup-3 comprises a number of sleepers 2 supporting the rail-in its central part at same distance from its extremities ers supporting the rail in its parts'adj acent to theextremities.

' According to my invention in order to pm; vent the creeping of the rails on thesleepers 2 and to-provide nevertheless for the expan the sleepers of the centraljgroup 3Ysoasto whilst the groups 4: and 5, comprise the sleepbody; on the contrary they arefixed tqthg 11o I form with these sleepersa single block or I mill is welded at sleepers of the end-groups i and 5 so as to be able to slide longitudinally on the said sleepers in case of expansion or contraction.

The solidarity of the rails, in their central part, with the sleepers oi the central group 3 may be secureo. in various ways according to the mounting of the rails on the sleepers. I

Fig. 2 shows the method which is used in the case 01"- iron-sleepers 6. "In this 7 to the sleepers 6 or th central group 3 audit is attache to th sleepers of groups 4 and 5 y aid or" bolt cooperating with clips 9 under which "i 1 is allowed to slide longitudinally.

In these conditions, the solidari y of rail, with the sleepers of the central group 3 is secured by welding whilst tl e longitudinal displacement of the ends of the rails is obtained bythe sliding oi the rails under the clips.

If the rails are mounted on wood sleepers- 10 by aid of saddles 11' as shown in 3, two cases are to be considered. In the first case, the rail 1 is welded only to the saddles 11 corresponding to the central group 3 of the sleepers but is attached to the saddles 11 corresponding to the end-groups i and 5 of the sleepers by means'similar to those shown in the example of Fig. 2.

In such conditions, the rail will form a single block or body with the central group of sleepers provided that the saddles 11 are attached without play to the said sleepers. This is obtained by attaching the saddles 11 to the sleepers 10 by aid ol'screws 12 passing through holes 13 in the saddles, these holes corresponding exactly to the diameter of the screws or being provided with clamping sleeves 14 firmly compressed between the screw of the bolt and periphery of the hole provided in the saddle. it may be of wood or compressed paper, fibre, bakelite, a mi ture of fibres or wood wool suitably com pressed and agglomerated or of any other suitable substances. It may also be iormed of metal torinstance or" lead or of an alloy of metals, it may be split so as to be elastic and to adjust itself as exactly as possible. By using sleeves of this kind the supporting saddles are locked on the sleepers and the solidarity of the rail with the sleepers secured in its central part by the welding of the rail to the saddles whilst the freedom or" expansion and contraction of the ends of the rail is possible by attaching the rail to the saddles by aid of bolts allowing the longitudinal sliding of the rail relatively to the corresponding saddles.

In the second case, the rail is welded to all the saddles or tie-plates but the saddle which aremounted on the sleepers of the central group 3 only are provided with holes having the same diameter as the spikes or screws so as to be bodily connected to the sleepers whilst the saddles or rail-chairs which are mounted on the sleepers oi": the end groups 4 and 5 are provided with holes having a diameter larger than the diameter of the screws or bolts as shown in Fig. l or with elliptic holes the major axis of which is parallel to the axis of the rail so as to allow the saddles or chairs to slide on the sleepers when the said saddles are dragged away by the expansion or contraction of the rail.

The same result may also be secured as shown in Fig. 4 by providing the saddles cor responding to the central group 3 of sleepers with a clamping sleeve-ll whilst the saddles corresponding to the end groups of sleepers a and 5 are mounted without clamping sleeves and are provided with holes 15 having a diameter larger than the diameter of the screw or bolt passing therein.

When all the saddles or rail-chairs 11 are welded to the rail, the length of thesaddles or chairs corresponding to theend groups 4 and 5 of sleepers (Fig. l) will preferably be somewhat greater in the longitudinaldirec- "ion of the track than the width of the sleeper at the place of bearing of the saddle or chair. it is even advisable that the saddle or chair slightly exceed thewidth oi the sleeper in such a manner that if the saddle or chair becomes incrusted in the sleeper, it will nevertheless be allowed to slide on the sleeper without being prevented therefrom by any pro-,

jection i ormedby the wood of the sleeper.

il hen the track is laid with broken joints, the above described methods may be applied toeach line of rails separately.

In practice the welding of the rail to the saddles or chairs must be ellected in observing certain cautions in order to avoid an in jurious modification of the texture of the metal of the'rail flange under the action of the welding heat.

In the case of an attachment by aid of spikes the sleeve ll instead of being cylindrical may be rectangular in shape and the hole in the sleeve instead of belng circular in shape may be square, rectangular or polygonal in shape according to the section of the spike.

What I claim is 1. A method of securing rails to their sleepers consisting in rigidly securing each rail at independent points in its central part to a series of sleepers whereby the creeping pressure is distributed over a large surface of ballast and in slidably securing the ends of each rail by ordinary means to the other sleepers.

2. A method of securing rails to their sleepers consisting in welding each rail at independent points in its central part to a series of sleepers whereby the creeping pressure is distributed over a large surface of ballast and in slidably securing the ends of each rail by ordinary means to the other sleepers.

3. A method of securing rails to their sleepers, one rail of a pair being in staggered relation to the other, consisting in rigidly securing each rail at independent points in its central part to a series of sleepers, the sleepers arranged under the ends of each rail being slidably secured by ordinary means to the said rail and the sleepers rigidly secured to the central portion of one rail beingsecured by ordinary means to the ends of the opposite rail so that such ends will be capable of sliding with respect thereto.

4. A method of securing rails to their sleepers, one rail of a pair being in staggered relation to the other, consisting in Welding each rail at independent points in its central part to a series of sleepers, the sleepers" arranged 15 under the ends of each rail being slidably secured by ordinary means to the said rail and thesleepers Welded to the central portion of one rail being secured by ordinary means vto i V the ends of the opposite rails,vso that such ends Will be capable of sliding with. respect nature.

PAUL RAMY. I