US1693219A - Variable exhaust nozzle - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 27, 1928. 1,693,219

J. G. BLUNT VARIABLE EXHAUST v NOZZLE Filed March 2'9, 192'! s Sheets-Sheet 1 F l G 2:- 4

WITNESSES Nov. 27, 1928.

J. G. BLUNT VARIABLE EXHAUST NOZZLE 2 t a e h MW e e h s 3 0 2 7 2 w 9 II. 23 4 h m6 m NH F w 2 H F 7 2 Nov. 27, 1928. 1,693,219

J. G. BLU NT VARIABLE EXHAUST NOZZLE Fil1d.lla.rch29, 192'"! s sums-sheet 5 TOR Patented Nov. 27, 19 28 PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES GLBLUN'I', OI? SCHENEOT ADY, NEW YORK.

VARIABLE EXHAUST NOZZLE.

Application filed March 29, 1927.

My invention relates to means for varying the discharge area of exhaust. nozzles. As is well known in locomotive ractice, the exhaust steam from the cylin ers is discharged through the smoke box, into the stack, for the purpose of entraining the gases and other products of combustion and thereby ensuring a proper draught throu h the flues of the boiler. Experience has emon- 1 strated that the greater the perimeter of the exhaust jet, in proportion to the cross sectional area thereof, the more efficient the exhaust nozzle will be, in entraining the gases and other products of combustion. Experience has further demonstrated that, when late cut-oil, it is desirable to restrict the area of the exhaust orifice, so that the jet will have sufiicient force to maintain the proper draft.

An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust nozzle which will expel the steam in a plurality of jets, and which is provided with mechanism whereby the exhaust orifices canbe opened to maximum extent when the locomotiveis operating with an early cut-ofl, and certain of the orifices can be restricted in area, when the lOCOIIlOlJIVG is operating with a late cut-off.

A further object of the invention is to provide a variable exhaust nozzle efficient in operation, and of simple, compact, inexpensive, and durable construction. I

The invention claimed is hereinafter fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1, is a side view, in elevation, of a portion of the front end of a locomotive, part of the smoke box being cut. away, to show my improved variable exhaust nozzle in operative position; Fig. 2, a plan view of the structure shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3, a plan view, on an enlarged scale, of the variable nozzle; Fig. 4, a vertical section, taken half on the broken line, b o, and, half on the line, 0, d of Fig. 3; Fig. 5, a plan view of the cam plate used to effect variations of the'area of the discharge orifices; Fig. 6, a side view of the cam plate; Fig. 7, a side view of oneof-the slides used to efiect variations of the area oi the discharge orifices; and, Figs. 8 and 9, a pllan and a front view, respectively, of the s ide.

Serial No 179,223.

In practice of my invention, referring descriptively to the specific embodiment thereof, which is herein exemplified, as applied in a locomotive of usual type, the ex haust pipe, 10, is provided, at its bottom, with a horizontal flange, 11, by which it is secured to the cylinder saddle, 12, and, at its top, with a horizontal flange, 13, on which the table plate is supported.

The variable nozzle comprises a base plate, 14, having a central opening and a downwardly extending flange, 14, which seats in a suitable counterbore at the top of the exhaust pipe, and serves to hold the nozzle central. The base plate is attached to the exhaust pipe by bolts, 15, which pass through said base plate the table plate and the flange, 13, of the exhaust pipe. An annular flange, 16, extends vertically from the top of said base plate and serves to support and centralize the top of the nozzle, and also as a guide around which the cam plate rotates.

The cam plate, 17 which is seated on the base plate, is substantially circular in form, and is provided with four cam grooves, 17*, and a central opening, 18-,which fits around the vertical flange, 16, of the base plate. In

order to provide for rotation of the cam plate about the vertical flange, 16, there is formed, on one side of the cam plate, :1 lug, 19, to which is connected the pull rod, 19*, which passes through a suitable opening in the wall of the smokcbox. The nozzle tip, 20 which is substantially circular in form, is provided with a plurality of vertical partitions, 20, which radiate from a central inverted cone, 21. In the nozzle selected for purposes of illustration, eight partitions, 20, are used, dividing the tip into eight discharge orifices, 22. Each alternate orifice is of greater area than the intermediate orifices. Extending radially outward from each of said alternate larger orifices, the tip carries a pair of spaced parallel walls, 23, constituting guideways, in which are fitted the slide members, 27 for varying the area of said alternate orifices. The members of each pair of side walls, 23, are tied together by a cross member, 24, which is spaced from the bottom of the guideway and serves to exclude gas and cinders from the guideway. Bolts, 25, having spacing collars, 26, are used to attach the tip to the base plate, 14. Each slide member is provided with a flat bottom plate from which'depends a tnmnion,

27, whichfits in oneof the cam grooves, 17".

To further insure the exclusion of gas and oinders from the guideway, each slide member is provided with ahorizontally disposed radial lug, 28, which fits snugly over the crossmember, 24c. The front face of each slide member is formed with three vertically disposed ribs, 29, which serve to provide an orifice having a long perimeter in proporvalve gear, by which means the discharge the. vertical axis of the nozzle;

area of the nozzle will be accurately varied in response to the variations in the amount of steam being discharged from the cylinders, as determined by the point of cut-oil.

The cam grooves, 17, in the cam plate, are

, shaped to hold the slides stationary when the cut-off of the distribution valve has been shortened to a predetermined minimum and the engine is running at high speed, as it is desirable at such time to have the maximum area of exhaust opening, in order to prevent back pressure. To this end, the central portion, as y, of each of the cam grooves,.l7, is

formed on thearc of a circle described from From the points, 00 y, the groovescurve inwardly toward the vertical axis of the nozzle, to produce a decrease in the area of exhaust opening, as the point ofcut-otl is lengthened, and

the engine is operating at slow speed. The. grooves are adapted to move the-slides in response to the various operatingconditions to maintain the proper draft, both when the locomotive is running forward and backward. 7, r

,1 claim as my invention and desire to secure by'Letters Patent: V v

1. An exhaust nozzle for steam engines, comprising a base member having means for attachment to the top of the exhaust. pipe,

and a vertical circular flange; a cam plate adapted to rotate on the base member, and embodying a cam groove, and. a circular opening which receives the vertical circular.

flange ofthe base member; a discharge tip divided by partitions into a plurality of d1scharge orilices, and having radially extending slots opening into certain of said orifices; and a slide in each of said slots adapted to movewhen the cam plate is rotated to vary the cross sectional area of the contiguous orifice, and comprising a member projecting into the cam groove.

2. An exhaustnozzle for-steam engines, comprising a discharge tip, having a central inverted cone member and a plurality of radial partitions between said cone and the wall of the tip, so as to divide the interior of the tip into a plurality of discharge orifices, slide members arranged radially opposite some of said orifices, and means to simultaneously actuate said slide members to vary the area of the contiguous orifices.

an exhaust nozzle for steam engines, comprising a discharge tip, having a central inverted cone member and a plurality of radial partitions between said cone and the wall ofthe tip, so as to dividethe interior of he tip into a plurality of. discharge orifices, each alternate orifice being oflarger area than, the intermediate "orifices, members mounted to slide radially into said larger orificesfand means to actuate said members simultaneously. p J

l. An exhaust nozzle for steam engines, comprising a flanged base plate adapted to be secured on the exhaust pipe, a flanged discharge tip mounted on said base plate so to leave anannular open space between their respective'flanges, said tip being divided radially into a plurality of discharge orifices, and having radial guideways extending outwardly from certain of said orifices, slidemembers in said guideways adapted to restrict more or less the area of said certain orifices, and a cam plate mounted between the said flanges and adapted to reciprocate said members. 1 i

5. An exhaust nozzle for steam" engines, comprising a discharge tip, having a central inverted conemember and a plurality of radial partitions between said cone and-the wall of the tip, so as to divide the interior of the tip into a. plurality of discharge orifices, alternate orifices being of greater cross-sea,

tional area than the intermediate orifices, ra dial guideways in said tip opposite said alternate larger orifices,,members in said guideways adapted to enter v said larger orifices, and a cam plate mountedbetween the said flangesto reciprocate said members in said guideways. I

6. An exhaust nozzle for steam engines, comprising a discharge tip .divided into a plurality of radial passages, and having radial guideways on its base opposite certain of said passages, av plurality of members, one for each of said guideways,slidably mounted therein for radial movement, and comprising a radial base portion and a vertical portion, the inner face of said vertical portion being forwardly inclined and grooved to increase the perimeter of the adjacent orifice, and meansto simultaneously actuate all of said members. I

7. An exhaust nozzle for steam engines, comprising a discharge tip having a central inverted cone-shaped portion connected by radial partitions with the wall of the tip, so as to form a plurality of discharge passages of alternately larger and smaller oross sectional area,and having guideways on its base portion extending radially outward from each larger passage, a member slidable in each of said guideways and having its inner face formed to reduce the area and increase the perimeter of the adjacent passage, and means to slide said members simultaneously.

8. An exhaust nozzle for steam engines divided radially into a plurality of'discharge passages of alternately larger and smaller cross-sectional area, a slide member movable into and out of each of the larger passages, and having its inner face formed to restrict the area, but increase the perimeter of the neously slide all of said members.

9. An exhaust nozzle for steam engines, comprising a discharge tip divided into a plurality of radial passages, and having radial guideways on its base opposite alternate ones of said passages, slide members having horizontal portions slidable in said guide- Ways, and vertical portions adapted to enter said alternate passages, and a cross plate over each of said guideways, each of said members having a horizontal radial lug fitting over the cross plate of its guideway.

JAMES G. BLUNT.

contiguous passage, and means to simulta-

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