US1688859A - Process of cracking hydrocarbons - Google Patents

Process of cracking hydrocarbons Download PDF

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Publication number
US1688859A
US1688859A US432068A US43206820A US1688859A US 1688859 A US1688859 A US 1688859A US 432068 A US432068 A US 432068A US 43206820 A US43206820 A US 43206820A US 1688859 A US1688859 A US 1688859A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cracking
mixture
colloidal
cracking hydrocarbons
oil
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US432068A
Inventor
Egloff Gustav
Harry P Benner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Universal Oil Products Co
Original Assignee
Universal Oil Products Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to US432068A priority Critical patent/US1688859A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1688859A publication Critical patent/US1688859A/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G9/06—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by pressure distillation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process'of cracking colloidal hydrocarbons for the purpose of obtaining substantial yields of light hydrocarbons therefrom such as gasoline, kero- 6 'sene but more specifically it relates to the cracking of a mixture of petroleum fuel oil and colloidally dispersed coal.
  • the mixture to be cracked may also consist of coal tar or water gas tar in which is 10 dispersed coal or shale in colloidal form, or such bituminous solids dispersed in colloidal form as gilsonite, elaterite, Wurtzilite or the like.
  • Fuel oil or heavy Mexican or California crudes may be mechanically mixed with a solid bitumen, in colloidal form, as for example, finely powdered bituminous coal can be injected into the oil in such a way as to form colloidal dispersion of the bitumen in the oil.
  • This mixture is then placed in .the still and distilled by means of heat and pressure in any suitable cracking apparatus.
  • This apparatus might consist of a still, the vapor space of which is provided with a refluxcondenser whereby the reflux condensate may be returned to the still for further treatment, the upper end of the reflux condenser being in turn connected, to the usual water condenser or receiver.
  • This mixture may be cracked either as an intermittent or batch process.
  • the oil may be heated to 750 or as high as 900 degrees F., and subjected to a pressure of from 50 to several hundred pounds, depending on the extent of the cracking desired, and the character of the material being treated.
  • the percentage of colloidal material relative to the liquid may vary within relatively wide limits, from 10% to 60% of the mixture being in colloidal condit-ion.
  • the pressure distillate produced from the process may be from 20% to 60% of the original charge.
  • A' process of cracking hydrocarbons consisting in dispersing in a liquid hydrocarbon oil at least 10% by volume of a solid bitumen in colloidal form, and in then subjecting mixture to a cracking temperature while the same. is maintained under a superatmospheric pressure.
  • A- process of cracking hydrocarbons consisting in dispersing in a liquid hydrocarbon oil not less than 10% by volume or over by volume of a solid bitumen in colloidal form, and in then subjecting the mixture to a cracking temperature while the same is maintained under a superatmospheric pigillle, to cause substantial vapori- 60 gecting the vapors to reflux condensation returning the reflux condensate to be retreated and condensing the uncondensed vapors.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Description

Patented Oct. 23, 1928.
* UNITE-D STATES PATENT OFFICE.
GUSTAV EGLOFF AND HARRY P. BENNER; OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORS TO UNI- VERSAL OIL PRODUCTS COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF SOUTH DAKOTA.
PROCESS OF CRACKING HYDROCARBONS.
No Drawing. Application filed December 20, 1920, Serial No. 432,068. Renewed November 21, 1927.
This invention relates to a process'of cracking colloidal hydrocarbons for the purpose of obtaining substantial yields of light hydrocarbons therefrom such as gasoline, kero- 6 'sene but more specifically it relates to the cracking of a mixture of petroleum fuel oil and colloidally dispersed coal.
The mixture to be cracked may also consist of coal tar or water gas tar in which is 10 dispersed coal or shale in colloidal form, or such bituminous solids dispersed in colloidal form as gilsonite, elaterite, Wurtzilite or the like.
The process may be carried out as follows: Fuel oil or heavy Mexican or California crudes may be mechanically mixed with a solid bitumen, in colloidal form, as for example, finely powdered bituminous coal can be injected into the oil in such a way as to form colloidal dispersion of the bitumen in the oil. This mixture is then placed in .the still and distilled by means of heat and pressure in any suitable cracking apparatus. This apparatus, for example, might consist of a still, the vapor space of which is provided with a refluxcondenser whereby the reflux condensate may be returned to the still for further treatment, the upper end of the reflux condenser being in turn connected, to the usual water condenser or receiver. This mixture may be cracked either as an intermittent or batch process. The oil may be heated to 750 or as high as 900 degrees F., and subjected to a pressure of from 50 to several hundred pounds, depending on the extent of the cracking desired, and the character of the material being treated. The percentage of colloidal material relative to the liquid may vary within relatively wide limits, from 10% to 60% of the mixture being in colloidal condit-ion.
The pressure distillate produced from the process may be from 20% to 60% of the original charge.
We claim as our invention:
1. A' process of cracking hydrocarbons consisting in dispersing in a liquid hydrocarbon oil at least 10% by volume of a solid bitumen in colloidal form, and in then subjecting mixture to a cracking temperature while the same. is maintained under a superatmospheric pressure.
2. A- process of cracking hydrocarbons, consisting in dispersing in a liquid hydrocarbon oil not less than 10% by volume or over by volume of a solid bitumen in colloidal form, and in then subjecting the mixture to a cracking temperature while the same is maintained under a superatmospheric pigillle, to cause substantial vapori- 60 gecting the vapors to reflux condensation returning the reflux condensate to be retreated and condensing the uncondensed vapors.
' GUSTAV EGLOFF.
HARRY P. BENNER.
US432068A 1920-12-20 1920-12-20 Process of cracking hydrocarbons Expired - Lifetime US1688859A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2495613A (en) * 1946-05-21 1950-01-24 Malcolm H Tuttle Method of and apparatus for cracking tarry materials
US2879222A (en) * 1956-09-21 1959-03-24 California Research Corp Method for recovering asphaltic products from mixtures thereof with water
US3870621A (en) * 1973-07-30 1975-03-11 Exxon Research Engineering Co Residuum processing

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2495613A (en) * 1946-05-21 1950-01-24 Malcolm H Tuttle Method of and apparatus for cracking tarry materials
US2879222A (en) * 1956-09-21 1959-03-24 California Research Corp Method for recovering asphaltic products from mixtures thereof with water
US3870621A (en) * 1973-07-30 1975-03-11 Exxon Research Engineering Co Residuum processing

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