US1688799A - Fabric making - Google Patents

Description

Patented Oct. 23, 1928.

a UNITED mas- PATENT or FICE.

ALBERT BODMER, on wA'rrwIL, SWITZERLAND, Ass'IGNon, 'ro nrnnnnnnm & (10., A. a,

OF WATTWIL, SWITZERLAND, A

A rA-Bmc CORPORATION .OF SWITZERLAND.

.MAKING.

no Drawing- Original application died November 27,- 1926, Serial No. 151,258; and m Germany December 5, 1925. Divided and this application invention relates to improvements in fabric making, and more. particularly to fabrics with pattern effects. Dense pattern ings on a relatively light weight, round or foundation fabric have heretofore een produced by providing a fabric having some threads therein which before weaving have been treated. with a carbonizing agent, socalled, and after. weaving protecting portions of these threads with a resist accord: ing to a predetermined patterrt and destroymg the remaining portions of the treated threads with the aid of heat, leaving the other portions-thereof still woven in the fabric and forming a pattern effect therein.

Such a method is disclosed in United States Patent No. 1,425,520, granted August 15,

According to the method of said prior patent, however,-it has been found that' as a practical commercial matter difliculties arise in practice resulting in a loss of yarn unless great care is taken. Under that process the yarns were dried at low temperature in an endeavor to reduce loss, but even so some loss occurred. This is due to'the fact that the yarns when treated W1tl1 SI11-" ghuric acid are partially destroyed while rying. Waste has also been experienced in moisture getting to the yarns in transmission from the yarn or spinning mill to the weaving mill. The old process also involved the necessity of usin a beatingmachine or the as nitrated cotton threads.

threads may be in the warp or in the like after the car onization had taken to remove the carbonized fibres.

"According to" the present invention more or less similar pattern effects are obtained without such 'carbonization of the threads.

place The new process is simpler,'much more reliable, and avoids the losses under the old process! This application is a division of my copending 'cationSerial N 0. 151,258,

apgl filed November 2 ,--1926, forfabric makings In carrying out the invention in supreferred form thereof, Iproduce a fabric havin afoundation or ground work of any suitable threads, but preferably of cotton or other threads of vegetable or cellulosic'matten-(including artificial silk), said ground work having interwoven therein threads ,of nitrated vegetable or cellulosic material, such These nitrated woof or may run in both directions with the filed J'ulyl l, 1928. Serial No. 292,922.

unnitrated threads which form the foundation. The nitrated threads may alternate singly or in numbers with the untreated threads of the foundation or the nitrated threads may be twisted withthe unnitrated foundatioirthreads or some of them.

After such a fabric has been prouced with nitrated threads associated therewith, I

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preferably cause an alkali such asa solution of caustic soda,to act on the nitrated threads in various spots or places according to a predetermined "design or pattern, and where the alkali is thus brought into contact with the nitrated threads it dissolvesor decomposes the same, so that the portions of the nitrated threads so attacked are destroyed and may be easily removed in any suitable manner, such as by washing. This leaves only the ground work or foundation at these places so that the remaining portions of the byprinting a relatively thick alkali solution on the'fabric according the predetermined design. Or ifdesired a resist that will immuni'ze the threads against the alkali may be printed on the fabric according to a predetermined design and then the fabric passed through an alkali solution." In this way only the portions of the nitrated threads .not'protected by the resist are decomposed or destroyed. In my said parent application I have claimed the invention generically and have; also made specific claims'to the first of the two waysof carrying out theinvention abovedescribed, whereas in this application I aim to cover the second of the two foregoing methods of carrying out the inventiny Also substantially the same result may be obtained but in a less satisfactory manner, by printing a denitrating agent on the fabric accordingto a predetermined design thereby rendering portions of the ni-' trated'threads inert to the alkali, and thereafter passing the fabric through the alkali solution whereby only the portions of nitrated threads which have not been denitrat- .a less satisfactory manner a resist to the .ed are destroyed. Similarly but also in a remain nitrated, so that the 'undecomposed or unattacked portions of the nitrated threads terminate at various points or along various lines in the fabric and thereby produce a pleasing pattern effect in a simple manner. That is, in the places where no denitration has taken place the nitrated threads are decomposed and removed.

The nitration of the cellulosic or vegetable threads may be effected in any well known or suitable manner, for example, with a suitable mixture of sulphuric and nitric acids. It is generally not necessary to nitrate very strongly, but according to the kind of threads employed and the method of carrying out the alkaline or decomposing treatment, the degree of nitration may vary wlthin wide limits. But it will be understood, of course, that in no case is the nitra tion carried to the extent where it will materially reduce the tensile strength of the threads or yarn so-that-they would not have the necessary tensile strength for weaving.

The degree of nitration is therefore differentfrom that practised in the nitration of fibres in other caseswhere nitration is carried on for other purposes without the requirement of maintaining the necessary deweaving.

gree of tensile stren h of the fibres for Even by t e use of nitric acid alone (without the use of sulphuric acid) it is often possible to obtain a nitfation that is sufficient for the purposes in question.

. After the removal of the portions of the nitrated threads which have been destroyed by the alkaline treatment or ,by dissolving action, if the remaining [portions of the nitrated threads have not alreadybeen denitrated as above explained, I preferably then denitrate the same. This is especially expedient in the case of relatively highly nitrated products and puts the com leted fabric in a condition such that it wi not thereafter be subject to attack by alkalies as would be the case if threads were left therein in a nitrated condition; and the demtratlon also improves'the dyeing qualities of the goods.

I, The invention ma be'applied to fabrics of many different kinds, such for example as to fabrics composed of vegetable threads onl or of mixtures of vegetable, animal an artificial threads, or of any two of them,

or to artificial silksand to embroidery materials. The nitrated threads may be produced from any suitable vegetable or cellulosic fibres, such for example a s from ordinary vegetable fibre threads or artificial silk threads.

Thus while I have described my improvements in detail and with respect to certain preferred forms, I do not desire-to be limited to such details or forms since, as will be understood by those skilled in the art after understanding iny invention, many changes and modifications may be made and the in vention embodied in widely different forms without departing from the spirit and scope thereof in its broader aspects, and I desire to cover all modifications, forms and embodiments coming within the language or scope of any one or more of the appended claims. v

'Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. Method of producing fabrics with pattern effects which consists in taking for treattern effects which consists in takingfifor treatment a fabric containing unnitrated threads and nitrated cellulosic threads, applying tothe fabric according to a predetermined design a reserve which is resistant to the action of an alkali and subjecting unreserved portions of the fabric to said alkali to decompose the nitrated threads in such last portions.

' 3. Method'of producing fabrics with pattern efiects WhlCh consists in taking for treatment a fabric containing unnitrated threads and nitrated cellulosic threads, applying to the fabric according tov a predetermined design a reserve which is resistant to the action of caustic soda, subjecting the unreserved portionsof the fabric to .caustic soda and heat to decompose the nitrated threads in such last portions, and removing the decomposed threads.

4. -Method of producing fabrics with pattern effects which consists in producing a fabric with unnitrated threads and nitrated cellulosic threads therein, applying to the" fabric to said reagent to decompose the nitrated threadsin said last portions.

5 Method of producing fabrics with pattern effects which consists in producing a fabric'with unnitrated threads and nitrated cellulosic threads therein, applying to the fabric according to a predetermined design a eserve which is resistant to the action of a reagent which will decompose the nitrated threads with which it comes into contact, subjecting the unreserved portions of the fabric to said reagent to decompose the nitrated threads in such last portions, denitrating the remainder of the nitrated threads and removing the decomposed threads.

6. Method of producing fabrics with pattern effects which consists in producing a. fabric with unnitrated threads and nitrated cellulosic threads therein, applying to the fabric according to predetermined design a reserve which is resistant to the action of an alkali and subjecting the unreserved portions cellulosic threads therein, applying to the fabric according to a predetermined design a reserve which is resistant to the action of caustic soda, subjecting the unreserved portions of the fabric to caustic soda and heat to decompose the nitrated threads in such last portions, removing the decomposed threads and denitrating the reserved nitrated threads.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

ALBERT BODMER.