US1687774A - Regenerative channel oven - Google Patents

Description

H. KOPPERS REGENERATIVE CHANNEL OVEN Original Filed July 6, 1921 I Z MW MEL;

Patented Oct. 16, 1928.

UNITED STAT PATENT it OFFICE.

HEINRICH KOPPERS, OF 'ESSENJtUHR, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THE KOIPERS DE- VELOPMENT COREGRATION, OF PITTSBURGH, IPENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA;

Application filed 'July 6, 1821,,Serial No,

7 REGENERATIVE CHANNEL'OVEN.

(enmirnn UNDER rim rnovrsrons or m ACT or Mason 3, 1921, 41 sum. I 1:13.

' The invention relates to an oven pl&nt, op{

erated after the fashion of the channel ovens, in wh1ch the material to be heated enters 1n constant sequence atone end 01"- the heating room or chamber to leave the same again at:

such a way that the material to be heated at any time comes into contact, prior to its departure from the oven, with just exactly the hottest flame in order to thus bring about a complete utilization of the heat developed, For-that purpose the oven plant is embodied in the shape of two parallel chambers or tunnels separated in the burning zone by avcentral partition, which chambers are charged uniformly with the material to be heated and which are so connected with a" regenerative "system that the fuel, gas and air, enters the heating chamber proper from the heat stor age system at the end which is the outlet for the substances to be warmed up, and flows.

in a countercurrent to their direction of movement as they enter and pass through the burning zone; the burning fuel-thence'pass ing around the front end of the central partition of the two parallel chambers, and into the second chamber and going thence into the waste heat regenerators. With the draft re versal the direction in which the gases flow through the two heating chambers isgthen also reversed. Thereby the maximum heat is developed at the outlet end for'the substances to be heated. In'the second parallel chamber the escaping gases are reduced in temperature and are no longer hot enough to undergo the fall of temperature necessary for yielding heat but, at the same time, are not cooled sufiiciently to bring about a cooling of the substances heated during the preceding operating stage. x

In order to make the invention more clearly understood there is shown in the accompanying drawing means for carrying the same into practical effect, without limiting the improvements in their useful applica tions, to theparticular embodiment 'th ere'of (Fig. 2

which is shown for the purpose tion. In said drawings Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of a channel oven embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 is across section ofthe same on the line AB of'Figure' 1.

Fig. 3 is aplan view. Referring to the drawin the heating chamber proper consists 0? two parallel 482 806, and in Germany September 13, 1918.Benewed 7 June 25, 1927.

of explana i chambers a which are separated by a cen-- tra l vertical longitudinal partition 6 into' which chambersthe substances to be warmed up, for instance, billets to be heated, enter at 0' to again leave the rear end of the heating chamber a at (Z. Above the heating chambers a the regenerators e and f are arranged, which are connected in series by the channel 5/ and communicate with the heating chem:

her a through the channel h; for each heating chamber, two such regenerator pairs (front and rear) are provided, each pair consisting of separate parallel chambers which serve forpre-heating. gas and air respectively respective regenerators'throughtheconduit i and connections 70, while the air enters through conduit Z and connections All connections is and .m are connected to the conduit 0 leading to the chimney, byme'ans of valves n. I

At' one operating stage, for instance, through the regenerators shown on the left in illustration 2, gas and air will enter and warm up properly in the hot checker-work The heating gas is fed to the of the re'generators e and f and then enter 7 the chamber a located at the left, through the left handchannels it and burn up here. I flame developing passes over the billets which lie on the hearth, turns about at 0 around the central partitionb and flows real ward through the. second heating chamber a The I (at the right) into the regenerat'ors e and) c (at the, right) now connected to the chimney conduit 0, which regenerators thereby ab so rb the surplus waste heat. After a certain period (about half anhojur) all the connec-v tions' are changed so that as an'd'air now enter on the other (right? side and flow through the plant in theopposite direction, rearward through the righthand re onerators, forward through the rivht has oven channel, rearward through left hand,

oven channel and forward through the left hand regenerators to the chimney. In this connection it can be seen that the maximum temperature is always developed at the outlet end of the oven for the substances to be heated, while a certain counter-current of gases is obtained with reference to the travel of the material.

Of importance is the tact that here the regenerators are arranged above the heating chamber, where v inter nce as regards inlet and outlet tie material is avoided and a great simplili. ion is also brought about structurally. special significance isthe feature that the choc. work of the regenerators c and f is -sed by the gases to be heated upward cm below, but downward from above by the waste heat to be cooled, because, as is well known, in this manvented.

The described construction also affords op portunity for an evolution of an operating manner described in German'Letters Patent 196,532 of the applicant, inasmuch as there is connected to the inlet end of heating chambers a a preheating chamber 2) which can be constructed without a. central partition and into which the cold substances to be preheated are introduced through the door g. Now by providing, at the front end of the chamber 29, special lines 7' which are also connected to a chimney, it is possible, by a proper regulation of the latter, to branch oil, and pass away overthe substances to be pro-heated, a part of the flame or hot gases which would otherwise turn about at c, by means of which a natural preheating, again proceeding on the countercurrent principle, is obtained, without the efilciency of the heating proper being in any way impaired thereby. Even if this additional improvement is not a necessity, it is available wherever there exists the need of such preheating.

, \Vhat is claimed is 1. A channel oven embodying a regenera-- tive heating system and a plurality ofheating channels arranged parallel to each other, said channels being. divided by a partition, said oven being arranged so that the preheated fuels enter onev of the channels at the outlet end of said channel. and flow c0untercurrent to the direction of movement of the "materials beingheated in said channel, said which 'regenerators for esz774 said other burning channel out through the outflowing regenerators.

2. An oven according to claim ized by the regenerators for gas and air being arranged in the longitudinal direction of and above the oven channels. V

3. An oven according to claim 1. and in ranged in the longitudinal direction of and above the oven channels, characterized by the indlvidual regenerators belng partitioned into two compartments 6 and communicating by means ota central channel g in said partition, said central channel communicably connecting the upper part of one of said compartments with the lower part ofthe other compartment so that they are traversed consecutively by the combustion substances to be 1, characterand air are ar preheated from below upward, and by the waste heat downward from above. r

4. An oven according 'to claim 1 and in which. regenerat'ors for gas and air arelar ranged in the longitudinal directions of and above the oven channels and in which the individu a1 regenerators are partitioned into two compartments 6 and f communicating by means of a central channel 9 in the partitions,

said central channel communicably connect f ing the upper part of one of said compartments with the lower part of the other compartment so that they are traversed consecutively by the combustion substances :to be pre heated from below upward, and by thewafste heat downward from above, and characterized by a part of the hot gases being. removed. at the turning point of the flame around the central partition I), and a part withdrawn by means of a pre-heating chamberp directly adjoining the oven. i g -5. A channel oven comprising, incombination, combustion and heating chambers side by side having a dividinglongitudinlal partition, regenerators above said chambers having means whereby the progress of the fuel while being heated is from lower to higher points in said regenerators and thence to the rear part of a combustion chamber, and the progress ofthe waste gases in said regenerators while heating the same is from above downward and thence to the stack, and means for controlling and reversing the direction of said fuel and waste gases. H

6. A channel ovencompr'ising, in combina tion, combustion and heating chambers side by side having a dividing longitudinal partition, and regenerators arranged above said combustion and heating chambers and having fuel delivering flues entering into the rear part of said combustion chambers at which end the articles to be heated have their exit.

V by side having a dividing longitudinal partition, regenerators above said chambers hav- 111g fuel-feedlng, connecting and gas-delivering means whereby the progress of the fuel while being heated is from lower to higher points in said regenerators andthence to the rearpart of a combustion chamber, and the progressof the waste gases in said regenerators while heating the same is from above downward and thence to the stack, means for controlling and reversing the direction of said fuel and Waste gases; and a front preheating chamber through which pass the articles to be heated, chimney flues at the front end of said pre-heating chamber, and chim ney flues leading from the front-portions of said regenerators, whereby a portion of the products of combustion passes through said regenerators and another portion thereof passes through said preheatingchamber in a direction opposite to the advance of the articles to be heated. v

8. A channel oven comprising, in combination; combustion and heating chambers side by side having a dividing longitudinal partition, regenerators arranged above said combustion and heating chambers and having fuel delivering flues entering into the rear part of said combustion chambers at which end the articles to be heated have their exit, I

through said regenerators and heating chambers whereby the gases may be caused to c1rculate around said partition in either direclmeans for reversing the direction of fi0w tion, a front preheating chamber through s which pass the articles to be heated, chimney flues at the front end ofsaid preheating chamber, and chimney flues leading from the front portions of said regenerators, whereby a portion of the products of combustion passes through said regenerators and another portion thereof passes through said preheating chamber in a direction opposite to the ad- Vance of the articles to be heated.

9. A channel oven embodying a regenerative system of heating comprisingiincombination two burning chambersarranged parallel to each other, said oven having the re enerators arranged immediately "over said urning chambers and communicably connected with said burning chambers so that the material being heated is subjected to the greatest heat at the point in said channels where said material leaves said channels;

10. An oven according to claim 1, characterized by a 'part'of the hot gases bein removed at the turning point of the ame around the central partition]; and withdrawn bv means of a'preheating chamber'p directly adjoining the oven.

HEINRICH KoPPERs."

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