US1686839A - Engine governor - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 9, 1928,.

H. E. RHoADs ENG I NE GOVERNOR Filed March 21. 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet- 1 unf-inniA INVENTOR.

Oct. 9, 1928.

H. E. RHOADS ENGINE GOVERNOR Filed March 2l. 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 TTGNEY Patented Oct. 9, 1928.

UNITED STATES HARRY E. RHOADs, OF TOLEDO, OHIOQASSIVGNOR To THR WILLYSJOVRRLAND OOM- PANY, or TOLEDO, OHIO, A CORPORATION O-F OHIO.

ENGINE GOVERNOR.

Application led March 21,1919. SerialirNo. 284,121'. v

This invention relates to engine governors, and moreparticularly to an improved yform of engine governor particularly designed for use in connection wit-h internal combustion engines. I

Onefobject of the invention 1s to provide an improved device of this character, wherein the speed of the engine is limitedautomatically.

A further object of the invention is to provide an oil pump and governor having hollow interengaging driving shafts that co-operate to form acontinuous passage for supplying oilY to the various parts.

A further object of the invention is to provide a device of this character, which is simple in construction and efficient in operation. e

Further object-s of this invention relate to economies of manufacture and details of construction a's will hereinafter appear. from the detailed description to follow.

The objects ofthe invent-ion areaccomplished in one instance by the devices and means described in thefollowing specification, but it is evident that the same may be varied widely without departing from the scope of the invention as pointed out in the appended claims. f

A structure constituting one embodiment of the invention, which may be the preferred, is illustrated in the accompanying drawing forming apart hereof, in which:

Figure I is a vside elevational view of an internal combustion engine, the .engine 'controlmechanism being shown in section for the purpose ofbetter illustrating the relative position of the opeiatingparts. Y

Figure II is an end elevation of an internalcombustion engine, a portion of lthe tion to better illustrate theV relative position of the various Operating parts.

Figure III is an enlarged sectional View, similar to Figure II, and illustrating the relative position` of the that iigure. y

`I `igureY IV is'a perspective view of valveactuatingA rocker arm. l

Similar reference charactersV referto corthe , responding .parts throughout the several views, and the sectional views are takenlooking in the directionY of the smallV arrows at the ends of the section lines; Y y

In the vembodiment of the invention illusparts as shown in trated herewith 1l designates fan internal combustion engine Vof the usual type employed in connection with automobiles, this invention being particularly designed for use in' connection with automobile` trucks or tractors; The engine illustrated herewith is provided with a combined intake and exhaust manifold 2, having an intake 'passage 3 formed therein and adapted .to communicate -with the mixing chamber 4 positioned in engine is adapted tobelcontrolled by meansy of a control valve 7 positioned -between the mixing chamber andthe passage in the intake manifold, the said valve being entirely controlled by an automatic valve c control mechanism. This y control mechanism` is adapted to be actuated from the engine cam shaft, or any other suitable rotatingfpart of the engine mechanism which has a speed of rotation proportionate to the speed of rotation of the engine crank shaft.

In theV form ofthe invention-illustrated herewith, the cam shaft 8 is positioned near 13 and 14. These casing sections`13 and 14, l l

which enclose the hollow shaft. 11, and the operating mechanism associated therewith, are adapted to be securedtogether in any suitable manner as by machine screws 14. The hollow shaft 1l `ispositionedsubstan tially vertically, `and has theflower portion thereof rotatably mounted within a sleeve controlling` mechanism being shown in sec- 20 being positioned within a recess 22 formed in the lower portion ofthe casing member 23 and being adaptedto lform a gearpump for ,feeding oil to the various partsA ofthe enginev mechanism which are tobe lubricated.

A plate-24fis securedto thelowerportion of y Y the casing 2 3 in anysuitable manner, as by Civ mea-ns of'screws 25 for the purpose of enclosing the recess 22 within which the gears 19 and 2O are positioned. A portion of the engine casing. 26v within which the casing 23 and its associated partsare enclosed, provided with a cover plate 27 so positioned as to render the casing` 23 and the mechanism carried thereby readily accessible upon removal of the cover plate. The cover plate Ais vsecured to the casing poition 26 by means ofv aplurality of machine. screws 28. A cylindrical member 29/rests uponthe cover plate 27 and bears against the lower portion of the casing` 23 is such a manner as to hold the Vupper portion of the casing 23 in close `proximity to tlierlower portion of the casing "14.-` A radial A flower end of the hollow shaft 16 and the .iassage 30 -,is provided in the `within 'a substantially cylindrical Casing` member 31, which is suitablyv secured in position within the casinglt'and maybe attached thereto by means of a plurality of' screwsv 322 lThe bearings 12 are each provided with an outwardly extending annular'liangeformeel at'one end thereof. Secured to the hollow shaft 11 in any suitable manner as by being'keyed thereto isi a' collar '84 which is adapted to rest upon "the annular flange 33 carried by the upper --bearing 142.

The collar 34 being keyed or otherwise secured to the shaft 11 rotates Vtherewith and carries two or more bell crank levers'35, which are preferably oppositely positioned with respect-to the shaft 11, and are each freely pivoted to the upper portion of the collar 84v at points 36, in such a manner-that any pivotalinovement of the bell crank 85 about the pivot point 8G will be lin a plane passing through the axis of the -Ashaft 11.l Each of` the bell cranks is pro vided with an inwardly extending arm 3T and an"upwardly extendingarm 38 upon /which isv carried aball 39.

It will be readily understood that whenv rotation is communicated to 'the shaft 11 thru the worin 9V carriedv by the cam shaft 8 and the worm gear lOupon the shaft 11, the shaft 11 will berotated together with the collar 34 carried thereby, and as the speedof rotation of the shaft 11 increases,

centrifugal `force willurgge the balls 39 outwardly from' theshaft 11, thus oscillating the bell' crank levers 35 upon their pivot points 36 and *tending lto raise the'inwai'dly extending arms 37 in lsuch a ina'nneras to vraisethe sleeve 40 against the-under portion of which the inwardly extendingarins ,37

k,of the bell-:cranks are adaptcd'to contact. Thesleeve40 is freely slidable upon surface of the shaft 11 and Vbe'r retained in' position relative thereto by a nut 43, adjust- 'ably positioned upon the upper end of the shaft 11 and adapted to be locked in Aplace thereon by means of a lock nut 44. 'It will be readily apparent' that the nut 43, which bears against thev upper portion vof `the slidable sleeve V42 can Vbe threaded upon .theshaft a sufficient distance to place the desired degree of tension upon the spring'l', and after having been 'adjusted in such ainanner as 'to properly tension the" spring '41, the nut 43 ina-y be clamped in'position by vthe l'lock nut 44. The sleeve 40 is provided with an outwardly extending flange, 45 ,upon which is adapted to rest,1 a ring 46, the movementof which may be controlledby 'the vertical movement of thev sleeve 40 through a guide leeve 47, which is threaded upon the upper extremity of the sleeve 40- and is provided with f an' outwardly extending 'flange 484 adapted to bear against'the opposite side of the ring?)` 46, whereby the ring v46 is enclosed between the' flanges 45 and 48, and has its vertical movement controlled thereby.Y

' The ring 46 is provided at diametrica'lly vopposite points with a pair of pins 49, which engage in openings 50 formedin the ends ofa pair of forked 51,"which extend laterally and form a portion ofa bell crank vlever r52, which is provided with an upwardly extending arm 53. The bell crank 52 is mounted for pivotal movement at upon a horizontal shaft 55, said bellcrank. 52 being keyed or otherwise firmly' secured to the shaft 55y inV such a manner as to rotate 'ewith The shaft 55 is mounted'in suitale bearings, and is provided at one end thereof'with an arm' 56 keyed or otherwise firmly secured to the shaft, said aiiir' being' provided ,with vtoothed segmentl 57, .which meshes with a pinionV carried by the shaft upon which the controlA valvef 'is mounted'. i The upperportion of the sleeve 47, which is threaded upon the sleeve 40V lies within a circular recess formed in the cover plate (31 of the casing", andl thus serves as a guide for the sleeve 40 to control ltrie vertical 'move-V 'iront of the, saine'. The cover plate' 61V is adapted-to be secured to thecasing'lS-in any suitable iiiannei, as by screws 63. nV Vpin 64 secures'one end of a coiled spring 65 vtothe upwardly extending arm of the bell crank v52, whilelthe opposite end of sai'dV spring Ylm) llU

65 is coiled about a rotatable` sleeve 66 and-has the opposite extremity thereof positioned within'a slot 67 formed in said sleeve 66. The sleeve'66 vis As previously stated, oil is adapted to be' directed inwardly through the radial opening formed in the shaft 16 and gear 19 Acarried thereby so as to pass into the interior passage formed in the hollowr shafts 16 and 11 through which the lubricating oil is forcedupwardlyby the oil pump until it is discharged through the upper portion Lof- `the hollow shaft 11 into the space enclosed by the cover plate 61. From this space the oil may work into the enlarged chamber.. of e'the casing 13, occupied by :and the pivoted bell crank 35, between the the ycollar 34 bearing surfaces formed between the sleeve 47 and the interior surface 60 ofthe cover plate 61, andalso between the sleeves 42 and 40.` A Apipe v78 is adapted to vlead from]l the chamber formed in the interior of the lcasing 13 into the interior of the casing 14,l

said pipe vbeing adapted lto extend to a point substantially level with the upper surface of .the annular flange 33 formed upon `the beari ing 1 2 so as to insure a supply of o1l to that portionofthe shaft 11', which is enclosed within and rotatably mounted -in the Ybearing 12. The excess supply of oil accumulated inthe ,casing- 13 passes throughthe 'pipe into the interior` of the casing. 14, from whence it is supplied to the interior of the cylindrical casing portion 31 through` an oil passageV 79, thus providing lubrication for Vthe shaft V11-.at the point where it ybears within the lower bearing member. 12. After lubricating. the lower `bearing12, the excess oil will pass downwardly into the interior. of the casing 23, where it provides lubrication for the bearing 18 within whichy the .lower portion ofthe shaft 16 is rotatably mounted.

It is'to be understoodthat only ak por- Vvtion of the oil is directed within the radial openingBO and upwardly through the 1n'-l terior` of the `shafts 16 and 11 ,whileV the greater part of the lubricating oil whichis directed by the gear pump is distributed to the various other bearing surfaces ofr the engine mechanism to which the oil is properly distributed by a series of channels (notA shown). A l

The operation of the governor mechanism will now be described; Upon-rotation of the camshaft 8 and the worm gear 9 carried thereby, the hollow shaft lltogether with pivotally mounted upon a shaft 68, which is threaded into the uppery ,thehouow Shaft -16 win be rotated through the worm 10 from the rgear 9 ata- Saeed 'proportional toA the speed of rotation o the cam shaft8. lRotation .being imparted to theV shafts 11 and 16, the gear pump comprisino'V the gears 19 and 20 will be operated insuc a manner as to draw'lubricating oil kfrom the oil reservoir and feed the same to the vvarious arts 'of the .engine .mechanism which are a apted to be lubricated thereby.V

At the same time the rotation of the shafts 11 and 16 impart rotative'movement to the collar 34, which is adapted to be firmly. secured to the shaft 11, thus' the centrifugal force acting upon the balls 39 tends to drawV vtending arms`37 of the bell cranksv 35 will I raise the sleeve` 40` against' the tension exerted by the coiled spring 41, thus causing upward movement -of thering 46, and ro` tating the bell crank 52 together with the .shaft 55, which is adapted to be rotated by the bell crank 52. As the shaft 55 is oscillated by movement of the bell crank, the arm 56 carried by the shaftl 54 causes a slight rotation of the shaft 59 carrying the control valve 7.. f

. yThe manually operable control means for engaging the governor mechanism in such amanner as to permit the governormecha-n- 4ism to be manually influencedcomprises the rotatable member 66, which may be rotated by means-of connections preferably vextending to a point near the driverls seat and so arranged as to permittension' to vbe exerted upon the coiled spring in such aV manner as to place the upwardly extending arm 53 of the bell crank 52 under ya sufficient degree of tension-so as to partially overcome the weight of the sleeve 40 and itsassociated parts normally carriedby the ',rinv'46. It will bereadily .understood that when Sullicienttension'. is exerted upon; the upwardly extendingarm 53 of the bell crank 52x-to VovercomeV the Weight of the sleeve 40,*less Vspeed'of the engine, and in the present embodiment of the invention upon the yinfluenceexerted upon. the governor by the manually' operated .mechanism The manual lils') .control yIiiechanisn'i is adapted to influence "the governor devices in such a manner asfto be oapableof causinga slowing down of the elbow lever.- under tension to--partially counteract the Weight of thesleeve 40, such counteracting of a portionof the `weightof the sleeve't() permits the balls 39 to be more readily; thrown outwardly and. consequently permits a elosingfat a lower speed than zwouldl bethe'case if rthe manually operated mechanism were not-actuated. The purpose ofthe manually.operated mechanism is to cause a. .slowing down ofthe speedofthe imotor at desired points,.wh1le if themanuallyoperable control mechanism remains in its original position, the speed of the engine Vwill -be controlled selay the 'governor mechanism,whicl i i'sgpreferably arranged in 4 suchy a mannerl as to prevent the speed of thev a' certain 'definite engine fromv exceeding li'mitjV Ilhile 'Iliave shown and described in con- V`siderabledetail a'specific embodiment of -my ^`invention, it isto be understood that this' showing and description is illustrative only i and' for the purpose-of rendering my invention more clear, and that I do not regard '..myiiivention as limited to the details ofconstruction villustrated or described, nor any of them, except-in sofaras I have included vses such limitation within the terms of the following claims, in which it is my intentionto claim-all rnovelty inherent in my invention broadly as well as specifically.

Vhat ,I yclaim as new and desire to secure i by Letters vPatent'is :y 1. In an'internal"combustion engine, a easing, a'liollow'shaft mounted therein having an engine governor at the upper 'end thereof, means vfor driving saidV shaft, an

'oil pump detachably connectedv to saidv casing. and a hollow pump' shaft in communicatioirwitli'the'ioutlet of' said pump, saidcasing, a hollow shaft i'nountedthereinl hav- 'ing' control mechanism at the upper .end thereof, means fordriving saidshaft, anfoil yLeeaeae l pump casing detachably .connected to `said iirstcasmg, an oilfpump `mounted therein having'a hollow shaft communicating. with 'I engine. speed whenever .such is, desired. .Y

`:Whenever thermanually operable sleeve -66 is rotated'in such a manner as to exert tension. upon ythe* spring so. as to placeV the the outlet of. said pump, sa-id shafts havbyk said pump isadapted,l to be driven by said first shaft and oilY is conveyed through said shafts to said control mechanism.

3. In. an internal v'combustion-engined a governor, a hollow governor shaft, a hollow pump shaft in alignment with said governor shaft, the adjacent lends of said shafts. being interitted" to. form a i drivingconnection therebetween, ineans operated by the'pump shaft lfor forcing oil Ithrough `the hollow shaftsfto said governor, and meansfor driving one of'sai'dy shafts from an operative part of the engine mechanism. Y

Y 1; In an .internal combustion engine, a rcam shaft, ,a hollow 'goveri'ior shaftpmeans for driving-thc governor shaft from the cam shaft, and a hollow pump shaft inv alignment with saidA vgovernor Vshaft' fand.` connected theretovby a separableconnection whereby Y l the pump shaft may be driven from the governor. shaft or detached therefromV vwithout affecting the operation of thegovernor shaft,

and means for forcing oil upwardly through the hollow shafts for lubricating the mechanism. i. 'Y "i 5. In an internal combustion engine, a hollow governor shaft, a hollow'pump shaft in V alignment with said governor shaft, the

tivo shafts being connected in such a manner `as to provide an unobstructed passage through the hollow portions thereof, means for rotating said governor shaft, and means vactuated by said pump shaft for forcing oil through said hollow shafts.

6. In an internal combustion engine, a vertical drive sha-ft having` awpassage therethrough aii engine governorat the upper Vend of said shaft and 'driven thereby, driving means for` said vertical shaft intermediate the ends thereof` a' casin'g,"a pump shaft therein arranged to be operatedby the lower end'of said-drive shaftandhaving anoil pas'-V sage therethrough communicating with-the passage of the drive shaft, and a gear pump adapted to be directly diiif'envby said-pump. shaft and arranged to discharge oil into and through the passagesrof both of-Is'aid shafts.

. In testimony whereof. I' aiiixmy signature. Y 'HARRY RHOADS,

llo

Images