US1684809A - Cooling means for internal-combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 18, 1928. 1,684,809

E. A. SPERRY COOLING MEANS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed y 20. 19.21 2 Sheets- Sheet 1 El auve/whoa [Dam/1155 Sept, 1a, 1928.

E. A. SPERRY COOLING MEANS FOR- INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed July 20. 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Sept. 18, 1928.

NI D Ares earsu'r OFFICE.

EDMER .A. SPERRY, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO SPERRY DEVELOPMENT COMPANY, OF DOVER GREEN, DELAWARE, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

COOLING MEANS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES:

Application filed July 20, 1921. Serial No. 486,182.

This invention relates-to the cooling of.

internal combustion engines, particularly those of the Diesel type, wherein combustion is obtained by injecting the combustible fuel at the proper time into compressed air. Heretofore it has been thepractice to employ the same fluid medium, usually water, to cool both the combustion chambers and the cylinders of such engines as is customary in internal combustion engines generally. The temperature at 'which the cylinders should be kept, however, for permitting proper lubrication, is much lower than the temperature which may be permitted in the combustion chambers of engines of the Diesel type. Furthermore, the higher the temperature of the combustion chamber, the

more complete and rapid: will be the combustion of the explosive fuel. Accordingly, the chief object of my invention is the provision of means for maintaining the combustion chambers at a temperature considerably higher than that which is proper for the engine cylinders while at the same time maintaining said cylinders at temperatures suitable for permitting proper lubrication. For this purpose I 'cool the combustion chambers by means of a fluid having a lower specific heat than the fluid used to cool the engine cylinders. At present I'pret'er to cool the combustion chambers by some liquid such as kerosene (whic'hhas a specific heat of .5) although it will be evident that the invention is not confined to any specific liquid. cooled by water and, if desired, water may also be utilized for preventing overheating of the liquid employed to maintain the com-' bustion chambers at the'proper temperature. Referringto the drawings wherein Ihave shown what I'now consider to be the preferred form of my invention:

Fig. 1 is a verticalsectional viev of a tion of a multiple expansion Diesel engine showing my invention applied thereto.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the parts shown in Fig. 1, the surrounding water jacket-be ing shown in section.

Fig. 3-is a vertical sectional View taken on line 3- 3 of F1g. 2; V

The walls of the cylinders may be.

walls of cylinder 1;

'por- Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional View taken on l1ne 44 of Fig. 1. i

I have shown my invention in connection with a multiple expansion Diesel engine, although it will be apparent that the application of the invention is not restricted to at 3 above said cylinder and extending over a portion of the low :pressure cylinder. A valve for admitting combustible fuel into the chamber 3 is shown at 4: while 5 denotes a combined intake and transfer valve for admitting compressed air into the combustion chamber and controlling the transfer of gases from the highpressure cylinder to the low pressure cylinder. The specific forms of'thesevalves form no partot'my inven-- vtion and will hence not be described' here.

piston is shown at 7.

Surrounding the top and sides ofthe combustion chamber is a jacket or chamber 8 forthereception of kerosene or other cooling'medium ofsubstantially less specific heat thanthe.liquid employed tocool the The said jacket or chamber 8 may. open directlyinto or otherwise communicate with a passage 9 which extends around said combustion chamber slightly below the latter. In fact, passage- 9 -m ay-be said to form the lower part of chamber 8. Communicating with said pas; sage 9 through a suitable opening 10 is a pipe or conduit 11 which extends, as shown, on opposite sides of said opening. In? clined pipes 12 connect one portion of 0011-, duit 11 with a conduit 13 located above the combustion chamber, while another series of inclined pipes-12 provides communication between the opposite portion of conduit 11 and a conduit 13 positioned on a level with conduit 13. The conduits 13 and 13, as shown clearly in Figs. 2 and 3, communicate with the upper portion of chamber 8. Communicating through an opening 14; wlt h the portirm of aassa e 9 opposite open-v in}: IQ is a conduit 4 similar to conduit 11, Inclined pipes connectconduit 13 with one portion of conduit 14, and similarly, in-

clined pipes 15 setve to connect the oppo site portion of conduit 14 with conduit 13',.

From the structure above described it will be apparent that effective, provision is made for the circulation of cooling fluid aboutthe combustion chamber.,-It will s eenthat when pie desired cooling liquid laced V the a oresaid conduits, pipes, an cooling chaliiber 8, and the liquid in chamber 8 and passage 9 becomes heated by the combustion of the explosive: fuel, such liquid rises and flows over-the top and sides of the combustion chamber, .as indicated by 'thearrows in Fig. 4. The heatedliquid thus flows from all points on passage 9 up over the sidesand top ofthe combustion chamber to condu'its 13 and 13', Asthe heategl liquid rises towards the last named conduits cooler liquid flows from said cond-uits andthe inclined pipes into passage 9 and chamber 8 to, take the. place of the heated liquid, As the latter liquid passesinto conduits 131 and ,1'3 and 'thencedown the inclined pipe 12,12, 15 and 15 said liquid is cooled and is ready upon reaching conduits 11 and'14to again extract heat fromthe combustion chamber. This a circulationof liquid about the top and sides of the combustioncharnber is maintained-the V sage along the inclined pipes connectingcdn 7 liquid extractingihat from the combustion chamber and in turn being cooled between thetim when it flows out of contact with said chamber and the time when it returns into-contact therewith.

To aid in the cooling of said liquid the" said conduits, inclined pipes, and chamber 8 may be surrounded by awate'njac'ket 16. This jacket may form an extension of the water jacket 17 which surrounds the major portion of the highpressure cylinder 1. By

this means; the temperature of the comma t on' chamber coolingjliquid may be kept from'rising too high and said liquid may further be effectively cooled during its pasdiiits:l3 and 13 with conduits ,11 and 14;

The water maybe circulated in any suitable manner, a suitable eztit therefor being shown at The combustion; chamber .coolin liquid, having substantially less specific-hea than the water which cools the high pressure cylinder; permits the temperature of said combustion chambei" to rise considerably higher than would he the case ifwater were V employed as the cooling medium for the comvided on a level wit along that part of the top. portion of cylmder 1 that is not cooled'by the li, aid in passage 9,.

inder and have further shown the passage? extending along a partlof said-top portion. The cooler portions oft e walls' of sai cylinder are t u tion chamberand therateot cooling Q fthe latter may thus bediminished, As shown in Fig. 2, the passage'fl is substantially ellip= tical 1n shape, since ihfollows the contourot the, combustion chamber, andextends alon only a portion of the top partof cylinder If desired, a branch lg s s 18 m yb pr fnp ge aeiaen Passage 18 extendsacr'oss t e passage ,9 and communicatesat each of its ends with said passage, so that-some, of thdcoinbustron chamber cooling liquidgmw flow through about the entiretop portion of cylinder 1 may thus be provideda j V r The combined transfer and intake valve 5 may be water cooledafld for this Pur'fdse s separate from the combps- At the'same time the The I have shown a Wa'tefjacket 21 ,surroun ing said valve. This jacket may be anextensionof the water. jacket 16; Itshould he further noted that theliquid utilized to cool the combustion chamber may be employed tdcool the low pressure cylinder 2 or any desired portion therebf. 3

In accordance with. the provisions ofthe T patent statutesylhave herein described the principle of operation of my invention; tO-J getlier with the apparatus, which I now consider to representthe embodiment there of, bntl desire to have it understood thatas apparatus shown is only illustrative and: that theinvention can be carriedohtby' other means: Also; while it is designed to i use thevarious features and elements ill the combination "and relations described, some of these may be altered. and others omitted without interfering with the more general results odthliav d the invention extends, to such use. V a

Having described my invention what claim and desire to secure byLettersPatent 15: a 1.; In combination with acylinderand combustion chamber of anirlternal combustion engine, fluid means for cooling said cylfit inder and fluid means of lower specific heat and lower heat conductivity for cooling said combustion chamber.

2. Themethod of cooling a'cylinder and a combustion chamber of an internal combus tion engine which comprises extracting heat from said cylinder by a fluid and extracting heat from said combustion chamber by a fluid of less specific heat and lower heat conductivity than the first mentioned fluid.

3. In combination with a cylinder and a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, means for extracting heat from said combustion chamber and means for extracting heat from said cylinder at a greater rate than from said combustion chamber.

l. In combination with a cylinder and a combustion chamber 0t an internal combustion engine, a liquid in contact with said cylinder and a liquid of less specific heat and lower heat conductivity than the first mentioned liquid in contact with said combustion chamber.

5. In combination with av cylinder and a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, means for cooling said cylinder by a given liquid, and means for cooling said combustion chamber by a different liquid of lower specific heat and lower heat conduction engine, a liquid in contact with said combustion chamber, and adifferent liquid in contact with saidcylinder and in heat con- (luct'ive relation to said first .mentioned liquid.

8. The method of cooling a cylinder and a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine which comprises extracting heat from said combustion chamber by a. liquid and extracting heat 'li'om said cylinder and said liquid by another liquid.

9. In combination with a cylinder and a combustion chamber of an internal coinbus tion engine, means for. cooling said combustion chamber by a given liquid, and means for cooling said liquid and said cylinder by another liquid. i

10. In combination with a cylinder and a combustion chamber of an internal combus tion engine, a chamber for maintaining a cooling liquid in contact with said cylinder, and a chamber for maintaining a cooling liquid of lower specific heat and lower heat conductivity in contact with said combustion chamber. 7

11. In combination with a cylinder and combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, a chamber for. maintaining a cooling liquid n contact with the top and sides of said combustion chamber, a conduit 3 communicating with the lower portion of sa d second mentioned chamber, a conduit sides of said combustion chamber, conduits communicating with oppositeparts ot' the lower portion of said second mentioned chamber, conduits communicating with the 'upper portion of said second mentioned.

chamber, inclined pipes connecting one of the second mentioned conduits with the first mentioned conduits, and other inclined pipes connecting the other of the second mentioned conduits with said first mentioned conduits.

13. In combination with a cylinder and a combustion chamber of an internal combus'tion engine, a chamber for maintaining a liquid in contact with the top of said coin-.

bustion chamber, and a. chamber for main taming a liquid of higher specific heat and higher heat conductivity in contact with portions of said cylinder spaced from said combustion chamber.

14. In combination witha cylinder of an internal combustion engine, a combustion chamber communicating with the upper portion of said cylinder, means for maintaining a fluid in contact with said combustion cham} her and with a. portion of said cylinder adjacent said combustion chamber, andmcans for maintaining a fluid of higher specific heat and higher heat conductivity in contact with another portion of said cylinder.

15. In combination with a cylinder of an internal combustion engine, a combustion chamber communicating with the upper portion of said cylinder, means for maintaining a liquid in contact with said combustion chamber and with a portion of said cylinder adjacent said combustion chamber, and means for maintaining a different liquid in contact with another portion of said cylinder and with said first named means.

1 16. The method of cooling a cylinde and combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine which comprises maintaining a liquid in J contact with said chamber and with a portion of said cylinder adjacent said chamber, and maintaining a liquid of higher specific heat and higher heat conductivity in contact with inder.

17, The method of cooling a cylinder and combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine which comprises maintaining a liquid in. contact with said chamber and with a portion of said cylinder adjacent, said another portion of said cylchamber', and" exti actin'g Heat from said liquid and amother portion 0 5 said ehamlder by a di-fi'erenh liquid.

-18. In combinwtlon wlth a: cylinder of an 5 infernal cmnbustion engine; a combustion chamber communicating with the upper portion of said: cylinder, achamber for maintaining a liquid in cor'i fiactwith Said 0on1 bustion chamber, said s'econ'd mentioned 'chambefi extending. duwnwardky below 1 signature.- r

ELMER 1i. SPERRY.

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