US1681212A - Process of making paper boxes and the like - Google Patents

Description

Aug.-21, 1928. v 1,681,212

S. BERGSTEIN PROCESS OF MAKING PAPER BOXES AND THHLIKE Filed Dec. 15, 1924 :s Sheets-Sheet 1 Aug. 21, 1928. 1,681,212

' SUBERGSTEIN PnocEs' s OF MAKING PAPER BOXES AND THE LIKE Fi led Dec. 15, 1924 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 12 g a O 10 15 s o WI 16 15 q 0 0 0 75, WWW Q D 3.9 Ji 5 39 n 5a 4 MM M W 3 [lump 6 9 Aug. 21, 1928. 1,681,212 5. BERGSTEIN PROCESS OF MAKING PAPER BOXES AND THE LIKE I Filed Dec. 15, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 .5 CJC) f4 J WW Patented Aug.- 21, 1928.

k UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICEJ SAMUEL nnnes'rnm, or MIDDLETOWN, orrio, ASSIGNOR To THE INTERSTATE FOLDING A i .IBOX COMI'ANY,- or MIDDLETOWN, 01:10.

rnoonss or nAkI vGrAPER'BoxEs AND Tanzania.

Application med December 15', 1924; Serial 1%. 755,931.

This invention'relates to a new process of making paper boxes, havinglpartioular reference to boxes in which certain portions j thereof, as end or side portions, are glued together to efiect the shape of the box and to give the same the strength required in its use. 7 i

The main invention is a new process, adapted to be practiced on any suitable apparatus, for making boxes variable shapes and sizes whereby box blankscut and scored in the usual manner can be positioned on aforming device in such a manner that like parts thereof will be acted on by automatic mechanismto fold one part relative to another to apply an adhesive to thefolded parts, and to apply pressure thereto whereby to effect joints of uniform adhesion pthenecessary operations beingplerformed 111 a progressive sequence in whic all duplicateor similar operations on difierent parts of the boxare made simultaneously.

A further object attained in the invention isa process of paper box makingadapted to be practiced ona simplemach1ne,hav1ng a relatively large output and adapted to be attended by an unskilled operator, thus making the-practice oftheinvention available to users of'paper boxes who wish to avoid carrying a large stock of read made boxes, and at thesame time. to avoi incident to the filling of; small quantity orders by manufacturers; r

The new process' involves certa nnovel operationsin connection with" formlng the adhesive joints which act to )n ior'e firmly 1 unite the co'acting'parts one with another 4 and thus to produceijoints of firmer adhesion andconsequently of greater strength.

The new process may be practiced on any suitable apparatus, a preferred construction b in shown IILthG aCCOIHPZIIIyHIg drawings and described in detail the 'following specification, for the purposeof illustrating the practice of the invention."

1 In the drawings: i p I "Fig. 1 is a sideelevation of the machine partlyin section; Q 4 f 7 v Fig. 2 is a detail elevationot the adhesive applying mechanism; p

i Fig. 3 isa side elevation of .the machine taken at rightangles of Fig. 1;

object sought to be. accom plished and attained in the practice of my the usual delays for operating the machine; Fig.5 is a detail sectional ejecting mechanism;

Fig; 6 is a plan view of the worktable;

F ig. 7 is" detail side elevation of the worktable and box supporting units;

' Figs. 8 and 9 are detail views of the joint forming mechanism.

The apparatus here shown consists of c'oordinated mechanisms arranged on a vertical column 1, having a base 2 and a head 2, a work-head supported rotatably in "a horiz ontal plane on column 1 and consisting of four radiallyextended arms 3 which are ar ranged at right angles one relative to the ot l1er,-e ach of the arms 3 being provided with a box forming block 4. Associated Fig. 4gis a side elevationof the gear train view of the box.

with the Work-head and adapted to ooact with the forming blocks 4; are a duplex gluing n'i'echanism 5-6 anda duplex joint-forming mechanism 78 and coordinated mechanisnis which will presently be described in -the detailed specification. Operation of the several units of the 'inachine is effected by means of a powerliead comprising a motor 9, reduction and transmission gearing {'10, 11 12, 13, Hand 15c'onstituting a geared transmissionfrom the motor 9 to'the main drive shaft 16; a belt and balance wheel 17 being interposed between gearsll and 12, the same being adapted to have a power belt applied thereto for operatingthe machine" independently of the-'motor 9; Gear 15 is mounted free on drive shaft 16, its operative relation therewithbeing controlled by means connected by arod20 to a treddle 21 in base of a spring tensioned clutch 1nechanism18 wh ch 18111111111 controlled-by a trip pin 19 2 of the machine -the clutch mechanism being of Well known construction and commonly known as a tight-andrloose pulley connection.

Rotatable movement is transmitted from shaft 16 to the ivork table through bevel gears 2223,"shaft 24, bevel gears 25, 26,

shaft 27, pin gear 28, Geneva gear 29, spur gears 30, 32, 33 and bevel gears 3l35, the gear 35 being secured to the work'table. As

quarter-turn of the work-table upon each full rotation of the pin gearf28 which advances the'Geneva gear 29 a quarter turn here showmthe gearing is timed to cause a upon each driving engagement"therewith;

ill)

the entire gear train being retained at rest between operations of the Geneva gear by the interlocking relation between gears 2S--29 in the manner well known in Geneva gears.

The box forming blocks 4 are mounted on the radial extensions 3, which may properly be termed the work-table anvils, to have limited vertical movement relative thereto, each block being formed of two piecesan inverted U-shapcd inner member 4 which is connected direct to the anvil by means of pins 36 set in the opposite sides of the anvil and extended outward into vertically extended slots 37 in the opposite side walls of part 4. The relation of the parts are such that member 4 has limited vertical movement, compression springs 38 being interposed between the anvil and the intermediate wall of part 4, there being a spring inwardly adjacent each corner thereof, to support the forming block normally in raised position relative to the anvil. The other parts of the forming block consist of the integral parts 4 which are secured to part 4 in any suitable manner as by screws. Parts a of variable sizes are adapted to be used intercluingeably on parts 4 thus to adapt the machine for making boxes of different sizes.

lhe forming blocks are also provided with retaining clips 39 arranged adjacent both ends of the block on opposite sides thereof, which serve to hold the box blanks E in position on the blocks during the gluing and joint forming operations. Each formin block is also provided with ejector, or kickoff mechanism for removing the finished box therefrom. This mechanism is composed of a lever 40 pivoted as at 41 on each of parts to and provided at its lower free end with a roller or cam follower 42 disposed in the horizontal plane of an outwardly extended cam 43 secured to column 1 of the machine, the coaction between the parts resulting in n reciprocal movement being given to lever l0 upon each full rotation of the wo1'ktable. A link at is connected to lever 40, intermediate roller 12 and its pivot center, and to a. rocker arm -15 secured to a transversely extended shaft 46 supported to part 4. A downwardly extended kicker arm at? is fastened to shaft 46 and is thus adapted to be reciprocated outwardly upon each actuation of lever 40. An upwardly extended kicker arm 48 is secured to a rocker shaft -19 supported in the lower walls of part 4 and is operatively connected with arm at? by means of a roller 50 provided on arm 47 intermediate its ends. It will be observed that there are two of the arms 48 for each ejector mechanism and that arm 47 is interposed tl1erebetween,-arms 4:7 and 48 being normally pressed inwardly and held in vertical relation relative to blocks 4 by a spring 51 coiled on shaft 49 which acts also to return the arms to normal position after each actuation thereof, the outward movement of the arms being effective to remove a box from the forming block, a: will be more fully explained in the detailed description of the operation of the machine.

As best shown in the plan view of the work-table in Fig. 6, the forming blocks are moved successively into positions A. l. (l and I), the successive steps of forming a box beginning in position A where the attendant; of themachine places the box blanks on the forming blocks. In the machine as here shown, this is done by hand, but it will be clear to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains that the box blanks can be readily positioned on the forming blocks by suitable automatic mechanism under conditions of use where it may be desirable for one operator to attend more than one machine.

As shown in Fig. (3, the work-hezul has' four work supporting units; of identical con struction which, when the machine is at. rest, occupy positions A. l), C and l) respectively, the direction of operation being counter-clockwise, as indicated by the arrow. In this position, opposite outwardly ex tended guides 52 are supplied to position the box for heighton the box supporting block -L so that the folds for forming the joints will be uniform on all the boxes. To this end, arms 52 are formed concave, V-shaped as here shown, on their under side to receive the open, upward extended flaps a, of the end of the box and to hold the same in vertical position until the first step of folding has been made. Arms are supported on a bar 53 which is slotted as at 54: to allow varying the spacing of the arms relative to each other and to suit the width of the box for which the adjustment is made, ba 53 being in turn supported by a block 55 adjustable vertically on a rod 56 secured in a plate 57 fixed to the head support of the machine whereby to set the arms .72 according to the height of the end flaps -/1. of the box.

An arm 58 is pivoted on rod 56 at its buFu and in its idle position is drawn in clockwise direction against a stop 59 by a spring (it), the arm having secured therein a rearwardly extended, curved rod (31 which in turn has a linger (32 and curved rod (33 secured thereto, the rod (3 being adjustable on rod (ll longitudinally thereof. This mechanism serves to effect the first fold of the box,-a lug 64 extended upwardly from each end of the anvils 3 acting upon rotation of the work head to engage the finger (52 and thus to rock arm 58 on its pivot center and to more arm 63 forward, in advance of the movementof the work-head, into engagement with the adjacent end flap --(r. of the box at right angles over the edge of the forming block llif) extending assume 4, spring acting to retract arm 58 as; lugs (itpass out of engagement with finger 62. The opposite end fla -a,

ment with the other arm 52 and upon further advancement of the work head is i brought into engagement with a' circumferentially extended tubular: rod supported outwardly of the machine on brackets 66-437 in a plane and in a manner to effect a corresponding fol d of theopposite 'flap- --a, both flaps w"being thenheld in folded relation as the unit supporting the box moves to position B. Brackets 66-96:? are slotted as at 68--69 and tubular, rod is air-i ranged telescopically with a second rod 70 to permit of adjusting the rods radially relative to, the work head to suitvariationsin the size of boxes.

, The outstanding improvement in'the ma-w chine of the present invention over i the machineof the former application for patent i the opposite end: of' the box to; effect folds thereon substantially inthe same manner as in the first instance described, the-duplicate parts being numbered 52 and 7 0 inclusive. The action on the opposite ends of the box is simultaneous, thearrangement and operation of the foldingmechanisms in the upper andlower planes of operationbeing substantially the same except that the operations are in inverse order, i. e., the upper end of thebox is folded downward and the lower end is folded: upward;

The adhesive for thejoints is applied to the folded ends of thebox in position 'B, the adhesive mechanism comprising upper and lower units coact-ing one with the other to apply the adhesive tobothsides of the box. simultaneously. The upper unit of the mechanism consists of an adhesive container 71-suspendcd1on a bar 72whichis supported in. open bearing slots 73 0ft mounted on the head casting of the machine to. have vertical reciprocal action thereon; operable movement being given theretoiby means of a pinvand groove connection 7 5- 76 with the main drive shaft 16, the details of the arrangement being of welliknown construction. Theycontainer 71 is provided with a plurality offspring tensioned valve stops 77 coacting with ports in the bottom of,

the container, theends vofithe valve stops through the ports and being adapted upon reciprocation of the container to be broughtinto contact with the folded v upon rotation of the work head, ismoved out of engageof adhesive on the opposite spaced arms 74 formed integrally one with the other and u-pperends of the 'boxsupported on the forming block. It will be understood that the valve stops act to close the ports when the container ism raised position, and on the down stroke of the mechanism when their projecting ends come in contact with the end of the box on the forming block, and the same are pressed upward to open the ports and thus cause a regulated portionof adhesive to gravitate to the end of the stops,

the same act to affect a deposit of adhesive from each stop on theyfolded ends of the boxblanks. The lower unit, mechanism cons1sts of .a container 78 supof the adhesiveapp y i-T port-ed on a plate 79, secured to column 1 by means of set screws 80 operable in slots- Sl in plate 7 9",'thearrangement making provision for vertical adjustment of the container as, required to suit the size of the boxes. Acting with container 7871s an ad hesive depositing mechanism comprisingan angular-shaped member 8 2 secured to, a ver-, tically shdabl-emember 83 by means of a set screw 84 operablein a slot, 85 which adapts part 82'to be adjusted vertically on part 83 in order to retainthe same in normal relation; with container 78. Part 83 is sup ported on part 79 by means. of bearing blocks 86, and is adapted to be reciprocated vertically by a pitman 87 connected to a pitman wheel secured to pin gear 28. The

lower portion of member SQextends over the adhesive container, which is open. at the top, and has. arranged thereon a' series of spring-tensioned pins 89 which are adapted tobe submerged, upon the downward vertical; neciprocationof part 82, adhesive in container 78, and on the-upward movement-to be brought yicldingly in contact with the folded lower end of; the box on the supporting.block 4 and thus to effect a deposit of adhesive thereon from each of thepins S9, theymovementbeing iimed'to be substantially simultaneouswith the deposit end of the'bcx from container 71,

As here shown, position 0 of the work;

table, is an idleposition which allows a short pausein the sequence of operations to permit the adhesive, applied to the parts of the box to be joined together, to cool andset to a desired extent sjition D, the coacting part -7) of the ends in, the liquid lit! before the'joint-sarc formed. 7 As the box supporting units move to po e of the box isengaged, by extended arms 90 and 90 respectively of the mechanisms in the upper and lower planesof operation, and are folded over the previously folded pa rts (r as the unit is moved to position D where the joints 1 are formed under opposite pressure heads 7, and 8.

: Pressure head 7 is reciprocally operable on the power head casting 2, being connect ed to main drive shaft 16 as at75 in a man nor similar to the connection for actuating the adhesive container 71. The lower pressure head 8 is supported on a screw 91 adjustable vertically in a bearing extended outward from column 1. Coacting with screw 91 on opposite sides of bearing 92 are hand adjusting wheels J3 and Si by means oi which the screw and with it pressure head tt can be raised and lowered and retained in adjusted position. By this arangement the space between pressure heads 7 and 8 can be accurately regulated according to the height of the forming blocks 4, or the length of the boxes for which the machine is set up. From the illustrations of the drawings it will be understood that the upper end of the forming blocks is always in the same horizontal plane regardless of the height of the blocks, the varations of length being only in the lower plane of operation where provision is made for the same in the means for adjusting the lower adhesive and pressure n'ieclianisms.

For any given length of box, the maximum distance between pressure heads 7 and 8 will be the length of the box, plus the ex tent of vertical movement of the forming blocks l. the minimum distance being the length of the box with the ends compressed between heads 7 and S and the opposite ends of the forming block. It will thus be seen that the tirst action of pressure head 7 on the forming block will be to force the block downward against the resistance of springs 38 to the limit of the vertical movement of the blocks when the folded end portions of the box having the adhesive thereon will be firmly pressed together to form the joints, the amount of pressure applied in the operation being determined by the adjustment of new 91.

its the forming blocks, carrying the completed boxes thereon, move from position D to position A, the cam follower 12 is brought into engagement with cam 43 and the ejector arms t-.T-'l8 are actuated to kick the box oil the forming block which will then be ready to receive another box blank as it comes to a stop in the A position.

It will be noticed that the box supporting units 4t move in a plane and through a cycle of operation common to all the units, there being live successive steps of operation in the cycle. i. e., placingthe box blanks on the forming blocks, folding the parts to be glued to form the joints, applying the adhesive to the folded parts, forming the joints under pressure and removing the finished product from the forming blocks upon completion of the cycle.

From the foregoing detailed description of an apparatus suitable for the practice of my invention thereon, and of the invention as practiced on said apparatus, the sequence of operations comprised therein and the results accom' 'ilished, it will be seen that the invention provides a simple process for making boxes in large or small quantities at relatively low cost, that all duplicate or similar operations of folding, gluing and forming the boxes are made simultaneously, that a high degree of uni'ttnanity and general quality of construction is thus obtained.

As far as 1 am aware, the ncw process of box making as herein described and illustrated is broadly new in the art to which the invention pertains, the same being a radical departure from the present known practice of making paper boxes: by automatic or semi-automatic llltltllllltl'y. 'lhe appended claims, therefore, define the invention as broadly new in the \:tlit).;s ombinations of its underlying principle.-.-', and also with respect to coordinated details of operation which adapt these principles to con'nnercial.

practice under varied conditioi'is of use.

Having described my invention, 1 claim:

1. The herein described process of making paper boxes. consisting in causing box blanks to be folded over forms with flaps extended and to be further subjected to successive mechanical operations; first, to ell'ect simultaneous foldings of opposite like portions of said blanks; second, to cause a deposit of adhesive to be made on said opposite folded portions; third, to cause other like portions of the blanks to be folded over the first folded portions; and fourth, to ctl'ect adhesion between the folded portions.

2. The herein described process oi making paper boxes consisting in causing box blanks to be folded over forms with flaps at opposite ends extended, and moved step by step with operating pauses between steps through a sequence of simultaneous folding, gluing of folded portions, and joint forming operations at opposite ends of the box whereby to ellect the structure thereof. the respective operations resulting simultaneously on different boxes.

3. The herein described process of making paper boxes consisting, in positioning box blanks on forms acting to determine one or more dimensions of a box, in causing the blanks so supported to be rotated with flaps extended in opposite planes parallel to the plane of the axis of rotation, in simultaneously effecting folds of said oppositely extended portions, in applying adhesive to said folded portions, and in compressing the folds to effect adhesion thcrebetween. i

In testimony whereof, I allix my signature.

SAMUEL BERGSTEIN.

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