US1680872A

US1680872A - Ingot mold

Info

Publication number: US1680872A
Application number: US236494A
Authority: US
Inventors: Gathmann Emil
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1927-11-29
Filing date: 1927-11-29
Publication date: 1928-08-14
Anticipated expiration: 1945-08-14

Description

Patented Aug. 14, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT iol-FicaI meow mom).

Application led November 292 1927. Serial No. 236,494.

This invention relates to metallic ingot molds open at top and bottom, andparticularly to molds of the kind commonly used for casting steel ingots. Molds of this kind are commonly mounted on a stool or similar support which in many cases has a projection which enters the bottom opening of .the mold and assists in stripping or detaching the ingot from the Walls of the lmold chamber, while in other cases the stool orv supporting plate is formed with an opening which registers with the bottom opening of the mold and through which a stripping plug may be inserted and operated to detach the ingot from'the mold walls. My present invention relates particularly to this last-mentioned kind of molds. l

In the case of all molds supported on a stool"or, supporting plate, there is danger of the molten steel passing laterally out of the moldv chamber into or through the joint between the bottom of the mold and the top of the stool, and thus forming tins which prevent or impede the free stripping ofthe ingot from the mold. Various devices have been vused to prevent the formation of such lfins and several patents have been issued to me for this purposev as shown, for instance, in the following UTS. patents: No. 1,019,- 244, No. 1,170,629, N0.,1,188,751, No. 1,209,- 283, No. 1,570,473, No. 1,611,020,.N0. 1,630,- 612, No. 1,643,241, No. 1,649,522.

It is also important that the lower portion of the mold chamber and the walls of the bottom opening should be so formed that the ingot may be easil 'strip ed from the mold` and that said wa ls sha1 be protected against the eiects of the im act and erosive action of the liquid steel while being teemed into the mold.

In my U: S. patents, for instance, No. 1,170,629, No. 1,188,751, No. 1,611,020, and No. 1,643,241,'I have shown different ways A of forming the mold chamber and the bottom opening of the ingot to facilitate stripping of the'mold and for preventing or reducing the injurious eifect oftencaused by the action of the steel while being poured.4 j

My present invention relates particularly 50 to the means employed for closing the bottom opening of the mold,- for protecting the Amold walls andfor stripping the ingot from the mold.

' According to my invention the opening in `ploved.

thebottom of the mold is closed by a plug which enters the bottom opening and. preferably rests on a ledge formed by thestool and surrounding an opening therein, which 1s concentric with the bottom opening of the mold. The stool has an opening passing through it .in which a stripping plug is "ar"- ranged whlch maybe raised so as to comei 1n contact with the bottom of the sealing plug and supportv it, and thus sustain the weight of metal in the mold during the pouring and casting operation. way 'the strain on the sealing plug is largely relieved. The opening in the lstool may be of ytwo diameters so that a ledge or shoulder 1s formed on thel upper portion of the stool on which the sealing plugl rests either when idle'or while the mold is being poured. The seallng plug may be cup-shaped or solid. I t 1s preferably formed cup-shaped of relai tively thin metalv made 'strong enough to seal the mold opening and to. support the In this l'lo metal during the pouring of the mold and until the mold is stripped, when it passes out of the mold with the ingot to which it adheres. i

Other features of my invention and the details of construction will be hereinafter more fully described.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure `1 shows a vertical central section through a portion of an ingot mold and a portion of a stool `on which the mold is supported. Parts of the mold are broken away for convenience of illustration.

Figure 2 is a horizontal section on the line 2-2 ofFigure 1.

Figure 3 'isla perspective view of a hollow cup-shaped sealing plug which may be em Figure plug.

Figure 5 is a. sectional view, showing a modification.

Referring tothe first four figures of the drawings, a' portion of a Gathmann ingotmold is illustrated in which the walls A of the mold are made thicker and thus more heat absorptive in the lower portion of the ner illustrated for purposes explained in v some of my prior atents abive mentioned. The mold is provi ed with a bottom openingB which tapers, as indicated, from its upper end downwardly, joining atl a the necked-in portion of the lower part of the meld cavity. This bottom opening may, for some purposes, be considered as a part `of the mold cavity as'it would be if it were not occupied by a sealing plug, and where a hollow sealing plug is used, asshownl in Figure 1, the molten metal fills the plug and the hollow or cavity in the plug is thus made a part of the mold cha ber. It will be observed that the mold wa ls are rounded at a where the walls of the bottomv opening join the straight or flat walls a .which latter merge into the curved walls a.

In order to seal the bottom opening while the molten` metal is being poured into the mold to prevent leakage, I may employ a hollow sealing plug of the kind illustrated -in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4. The exterior walls of this plug are tapered to fit the walls 0f the lbottom opening of the mold. They fit it very closely so that molten metal cannot pass all the way downwardly between `the walls of the plug and the walls of the bottom opening and there is thus no chance of an escape of molten metal from the bottom of the mold.

In the form of my invention illustrated in Figure 1, the mold rests on a stool C provided with a stripper or stripping'plu .D which i movable vertically in the stoo ,It is possib e to support the mold on a solid stool and to move the mold, when ready for stripping, to a truck, for instance, provided lwith a projection adapted to contact with the sealing plug, and raise the ingot soas to detach it from the walls lof'the mold, and

permit oftits removal therefrom by means of lifting'torrgs or grippers of some kind. Howevei/flefer to retain the mold on the stool an o form the stool with an. opening 1 through'hich a stripping plug may be passed without movingl the mold. This Os tripping plug may be carried by atruck and may be raised at the proper time into contact with the` sealing plug in order .to raisethe ingot sucientl to separate it from the moldwalls, but preferpto mount the stripper in the stool So that it is separable therefrom but is supported thereby. As indicated in Figure 1, the stripper may h'ave an enlarged-"up er portion d and a lower portion d whi'e 'extends below the bottom 4 y of tl'e stool. The enlargedupper portion d may rest on, a ledge w formed around the opening through which the stripper D passes.

.the hollow sealing -plug will, receive the impact and erosive action of the 'metal and any initial splashing will be largely confined vthe walls ofthe mold so that the ingot may y said the weight of metal in the mold and to partially take the strainfromthe sealing plug. After the -metal is solidified and the lngot is formed the stripper may be moved so as to push on the sealing plug and. raise the ingot sufficiently to loosen them from contact with the walls of the bottom opening and be readily removed from the mold -by lifting tongs or other such devices.

In Figure 5 I have shown a modification in which the sealing plug is made solid and is supported on the shoulder a: of the stool carrying the mold while in contact with the plug D. While I prefer. to use a hollow sealing plug it should be understood that I may use a solid plug E adapted to rest upon a ledge of a stool as illustrated.

I claim as my invention: y

1. An ingot mold open atv the top and having a bottom opening, in combination with a stool having an opening through it of smaller diameter than the bottom opening of the mold, anda sealing plug resting on the ledge or shoulder thus provided on the stool surrounding this opening.

2. An ingot mold open'atthe top and having a bottom opening and a sealing plug, in combination-with a stool having an opening through it of smaller diameter than the alsv bottom opening of the mold,vand a stripping y 1 plug' extending into the opening of the stool jingot from the mold.

3. An ingot mold open at the top and. having a 4bottom opening, vin combination with a stool having an openingthrough it ofI smaller diameter than the bottom opening of the mold and havin a' shoulder between its upper and lower en s, a sealingplug filling` the bottom opening of the mold, and a stripper having its upper portion resting on the shoulder formed in the stool and having its lower portion extending beyond the bottom of the stool.` 1

4. An ingot mold open at the top having a necked-in lower portion, and a bottom opening the walls of which merge into the lao necked-in portion offthe' mold, a sealing plug..l u

' thereof, a stool having an opening extending through it, and a stripping plug arranged in openlng adapted to move vertically l therein into cntact with the sealing plug andto raise sald sealing plug with the ingot when formed.

5. An ingot` mold open at the-' top ,13

having a, bottom opening, in combination stripping lplug havingan enlarged upper with a stool having an opening through it of end resting on the shoulder of the opening smaller diameter than the bottom 'o ening in the stool and having a lower portion 10 of the mold and provided with a. le ge or extending below the bottom of the stool. l shoulder between its upperfand lower ends, In testimony whereof, I have hereunto a sealing plug extending from top to bottom subscribed my nam of the bottom opening in the mold, and a EMIL GATHMANN.