US1680099A - Valve for internal-combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 7, 1928.

W. C. GRAY VALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Feb. 5, 1926 INVENTOH:

ATTORNEYS.

Patented Aug. 7, 1928.

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WILLI G. GBAY, on rn nnnnrii nrn; rnnnsrnvmvia, ASSIGNQB on ONE-HALF 'ro W IAM GQLDSTEIN, on rrrI anELrnra, PENNSYLVANIA.

A V non rn rnananconsnsrron ENGINES.

Application filed February My invention relates to a novel construction of a valve forzinternal combustion'eln gines, which is capable of use withL head, overhead or other type of valve operating devices, my novel valve comprising an imperf'o-rate piston,*which is'reciprocable in a tubular extension preferably cast on the upper portion of the-engine cylinder and provided with ports which are opened and closed at the proper intervals, there being two valves, as an i let and exhaust valve for each cylinder; In the conventional type of poppet valves now generally employed, there is always more or less noise present on account of thel impact'of the valve upon its seat, and in addition very powerful springs are required poppet valves t the proper periods. in addition oppet valves of the above character soon'become fouled with carbon, so that in order to attain the best results it is'necessary for the valve seats of valves of this general character to be frequently reground.

my present invention wherein the pairs of imperforate valves slide in tubular open ended, ported housings or valve guides whlch are preferably cast on the tops of the engine cylinders, I provide a novel valvular construction, which is noiseless in operation, which cannot-become fouled with carbon and wherein I am enabled to employ springs of a very moderate tension. In my novel construction of cylindrical valve no pressure is exerted against the wearing surface of the valve or its seat and-its design further prevents any deleterious accumulation of foreign matter or carbon. 1

To the above ends, my invention consists of a novelconstru'ction of cylindrical valve, slidable in a ported tubular extension or housing, whereby I? am enahled'to produce a silently operating valve, which "does not require grindingor removal of-carbon and which does not require the use heavy' springs of the character commonly employed on poppet valves now in use.

it further consists of other novel features of construction and advantage, all as will be hereinafter fully set forth and pointed out in the specification and claim appended hereto; v

For the purpose of illustrating my invention I have shown in the accompanying drawings severalforms thereof which are at in order to seat these 5, less. Serial No. 86,168.

present preferred by me, since the same have beenfound in practice to give satisfactory and reliable results, although it is to be understood that the various instrumentalities of which my invention consists can be variously arranged and organized and that my invention is not limited to the precise arrangement and organization of the instrumentalities as herein shown and described.

Figure 1, represents a'plan view of the top of a cylii'ider block provided with valves embodying my invention, three of said cylinders with their inletand exhaust valves being shown.

Figure 2, represents a vertical section on line 22, Fig. 1, said section being taken through an inlet valve, and certain of the parts being shown in elevation.

Figure 3, represents, a vertical sect-ion on line 33 of 1, the section being taken through an exhaust valve, and certain of the parts being shown in elevation. Figure 4, represents a vertical section on line H Fig, 1, showing the arrangement of the inlet and exhaust valves and their adjuncts Similar numerals of reference indicatev corresponding parts. 7

1 designates an engine cylinder of an internal combustion engine having a water jacket 2 and the piston 3 which actuates the block is machined, so that the head 7 can fit accurately thereon,said head being provided with the water jacket 8, the horizontal top wall 9 and the pendant vertical outer wall 10, which two latter walls inclose my novel valve mechanism. It will be understood that my novel valve mechanism can be applied to a four, six, eight or any multi-cylinder engine and said cylinders can be cast en bloc or can be arranged to stand vertically or inclined or in line or may be oppositely disposed if desired. In the present invention I have shown in Fig. 1 but three cylinders,each being provided with my novel inlet and exhaust valves, but it will be understood that my novel invention is equally applicable to any multiple cylinder internal combustion engine.

At the side of each engine cylinder 1 cast ber 11 for the incoming fuel, each inlet chamber being separated from the adjacent elongated exhaust chamber 12, by partitions v 13, as will be understood from Figs. 1 and 4. 14 designates. the bottom wall of inlet chambers 11 from each of which extends upbranches 30, which wardly the valve rod inlet valve rod 16 reciprocates.

upper end of the inlet valve rod 16 the cylindrical inlet piston valve 17, which reciprocates in the tubular open ended extension, housing or casing 18, which is provided with the ports 19, the lower end of the bore 20 of said valve housing, communicating at all times with said chamber 11. The inlet valve 17 is in, the form of'a cylinder reciprocable in the bore 20 of thein- .tegral, tubular, extension 18. The inlet valve rod 16 is threaded at its lower portion as at 22 and carries a nut 21 and a washer 23, against the top of which abuts the bottom of thespring 24, the upper end of said spring abutting on the bottom of the parti- Upon the is secured tion 14. The lower end of the inlet valve' rod 16 is guided in a suitable bushlng or stufling box 25, and carries at 1ts lower end a roller 26,, which bears upon the cam 27 fast on the cam shaft 28, as will be understood from Fig. 2. The fuel is introduced into the inlet chamber 11 by'means of the inlet manifold 29, which isprovided with communicate with the inlet chambers 11 as will, be understood from figs. 1 and 2. The-construction of the ex.-

haust piston valves 31, exhaust valve rods 32, the open ended tubular extensions 33 having the ports 34, the exhaust valve rod guide 35, the spring 36 therefor, the cam shaft 28 with its cam 38, the roller 39 and the guide or stuffing box 40, seen in Fig. 3, is substan- V .tially the same as already'described with reter is constructed so as to ,the intake manifold 29-. r 50 place, the piston spect to Fig. 2.

31 controls the exhaust ports 34, which permit the exhaust to flow into the exhaust chamber 12, and. thence through the nipples 41 into the exhaust manifold 42 which latsurround and heat The spark plugs 43 are of the usual construction as their function is well. known, it'is not necessary to describe them in detail. The cam shaft-28 can be rotated by any suitable or conventional mechanism and it will be apparent from Fig:- 2 that when the inlet piston valve is'inits uppermost position seen therein, that'the fuel has entered the inlet chamber 11, and passed thence. through the ports 19 to the explosion chamber in the upper end of the cylinder and the explosion having taken 3 has been driven downwardly into the position seen in Fig. 2

During the period of-said explosion and haust piston valve 31 guide 15, in which the 1 The exhaust piston valve ports 34, the exhaust chamber 12,'the nipple 41 and the exhaust manifold 42 The tiIning of the valves' 17 and 31 can-be readily adjusted so that said valves may open and close at slightly differentpredetermined periods, as 1s ev1dent,.;and' as the general mode of operation of enginesof thisgeneral character lswellfknown, the operation-need not be described in greater detail. 1 Since the i i As the piston 3 begins to ascend from V bore of'the tubular extensions 18 andes aligns with the bore of'thevalverrod guides '15 and 35, it will'be apparentthat when-the their adjuncts can be readily assembled in position. As there is no. pounding or ham? mering present duringthe 'recipro'cationi of the inlet valve 17 and the: exhaust valve 31 it will be apparent thatthe action of-said s5 7 head 7 is removed thevalves 17 and '31 and valves is noiseless and that there isno opportunity for said valves or to be fouled bycarbon de osits. The sprin s 24and 36-which control t e movement of t e inlet and exhaust valves 17 and 31 need have their adjuncts only a slight tension suflicienttopvercome friction as no pressure is exerted against wearing surfaces of the valves-or their seats which are cylindrical 1n form. The valves are so constructedsthat their design prevents the accumulation offoreignmatter in carbon or other form thereon. It is further ob vious that there is no necessity at any time for grinding thezvalves ortheir seats as is.

necessary at frequent intervals in thecase of poppet valves now in use. o i c It will be evident that parts ofengines of various conventional types can; be readily mad-e to include my'novel valve design during machining or a completed engine can at small expense be modified to receive my novel valve mechanism. H The tubularv open. ended inlet and exhaust valve housings 18 and 33 are collocated in. pairs,fas will be understood from, Figs. 1 and 4,- andthe pendant walls 43", which are carried by the head '7,

contact with the machined top' 6 as seen in Fig. 4 and isolate each pair of piston valves" 17 and 31 from the other-pairsof'valves. The open endedtubular extensions or housings 18 and 33 are preferably cast integral upon the top of the cylinders, but may ob- As will be apparent from Figure 2' in a viously be secured thereto by other means.

preferred embodiment of myinvention I' construct the lower end of the rod 16 so that it has threaded with the yoke 44- whereby the inlet valve engagement distance be tween the valve and the camshaft. can be ad- 12o 1 hasthe same justed according to requirements, the lock nut 45 serving to lock the rod and the yoke in the desired fixed positionafter adjusting. The exhaust valve rod 32 is likewise thread ed at its lower end as indicated at 46 so that it can be a'djustably secured to the yoke 47, the parts are in their desired adjusted position being locked by the lock nut 48 which function as the lock nutl5.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is 1 In a device of the character stated, an engine cylinder, an inlet chamber and an exp air haust chamber at the side thereof, tubular,

open ended inlet and exhaust Valve housings integral with said cylinder and located above said chambers'and at their bottom in communication therewith, and each having a of opposed side ports opening into the explosion chamber of said cylinder, imperforate inlet and exhaust piston valves reciprocable in said valve housings, means for reciprocating said valves, and a head for said cylinder having pendant walls for isolating a pair of said valves from an adjacent Pall;

WILLIAM G. GRAY.

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