US1680037A - Antiglare attachment for headlights - Google Patents

Antiglare attachment for headlights Download PDF

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US1680037A
US1680037A US15434826A US1680037A US 1680037 A US1680037 A US 1680037A US 15434826 A US15434826 A US 15434826A US 1680037 A US1680037 A US 1680037A
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Prior art keywords
blades
light
headlights
lamp
lens
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Tartas Augustus R De
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EMERY C WELLER
WOODWARD DUKE E
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EMERY C WELLER
WOODWARD DUKE E
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Priority to US15434826 priority Critical patent/US1680037A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V11/00—Screens not covered by groups F21V1/00, F21V3/00, F21V7/00 or F21V9/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/40—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades
    • F21S41/43—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades characterised by the shape thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/40—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades
    • F21S41/47—Attachment thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2107/00—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles
    • F21W2107/10—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles for land vehicles

Definitions

  • My present invention generally'stated has for its object to provide a device adapted to be used in conjunction with a source of illumination for reducing the glare of the beam of light in'the eyes of the observer without materially diminishing its effect in the intended field of illumination. More specifically my invention has for its object to provide an anti-glare device which ma m be used as an attachment for headlights, such as automobile headlights, whereby the blinding efi'ect of a strong beam of light may be obviated without limiting the intensityv of the projected beam, either for illumination of objects at adistance and in a dlrect line with the lamp, or objects in areas at the side and front of the lamp by the laterally dispersed rays intended for this purpose.
  • headlights such as automobile headlights
  • Fig. 1 is a vertical cross sectional view of an automobile headlight illustrating an antiglare device embodying my invention ap plied thereto.
  • Fig.2 is a front elevation of a commercial form of the device.
  • Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the structure shown in Fig. 2, slightly enlarged.
  • Fig. 4 is a vertical central sectional view.
  • Fig.5 is a detail illustration showing the slots formed in the inner surface of the blade supporting ring.
  • Fig. 6 is a perspective view showing a modification of the means employed for mounting the blades.
  • Fig. 7 is a detail view of the upper end of one of the blades as they are used in the form shown in Fig. 6.
  • Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 2 illustrating the manner in which the blades may be formed and assembled to obviate the use of a separate supporting ring.
  • Fig. 9 is a horizontal sectional view illustrating a modification of the invention in which the blades are molded integrally on the face of a cover glass or headlight lens
  • Fig. 10 is a similar view showing metal ribs secured to the face of the cover glass. Similar reference. characters in the several figures indicate similar parts,
  • I employ a plurality of thin blades arranged side by side with their planes parallel to the axis of the light beam so that the direct or for Wardly projected rays are not diverted. These blades are disposed sufficiently far apart so as not to diminish the intensity of the light beam, but are of such a depth that rays which would otherwise be reflected into the eyes of an observer, located slightly at one side of the axis of the light beam and at a' distance from the lamp, will be cut off.
  • the blades are disposed relatively to each other as by arranging them in fan shape or in substantially radial position, from a point at one side of the light beam so that a given portion or sector of the beam will be diminished in intensity to such a point that the otherwise blinding effect of that portion of the beam, or pencil of rays, may be eliminated.
  • the portion of the beam which causes most inconvenience to observers, especially the drivers of approaching cars is that formed by the upwardly and laterally reflected rays, hence I converge the blades toward a polnt or points disposed vertically above the axis of the beam.
  • a source of illumination such as an incandescent electric lamp 1 located in the focal point of a parabolic reflector 2 enclosed in the usual lamp housing or casing 3.
  • the latter also encloses a glass front piece or lens 4 removably held in place by a bezel 5.
  • Lamps of this character are usually constructed, either by shaping the reflector specially, or providing the lens with special curvatures, so that a certain amount of side illumination is obtained at a given distance in front of the lamp by dispersion of a portion of the light rays, while the maximum illumination is obtained directly forward.
  • the height of the beam may be regulated by the set position of the lamp, or by the shape of the lens surface and in 'many localities of the country the intensity of the light beam and its height is governed by State laws, or municipal regulations. These factors, however, are not susceptible to exact control as the height of a projected light beam may vary in accordance with the load carried by a vehicle at (life light may be varied by such simple mattersas I the age of the lamp filament or the voltage of the storage battery supplying the current. It will beseen therefore, that in an antiglare device, it is desirable to provide a structure that is adapted for use universally under all conditions of operation and may be quickly and easily'attached to any type of head light.
  • the central blade 6 extends vertically and at the right and left hand sides thereof are a series of similar blades 7 and 8 Each of these series of blades extends in converging lines toward the top of the blade 6, but preferably not to a common center oripoint disposed vertically above the center of the axis of the-light beamQ
  • the arrangement adapted is one which provides'a slight spacing be tween the converging ends of adjacent blades, and consists in disposing the blades at opposite sides of the center in pairs with their lower ends spaced 'equidistantly and their upper ends converging at such angles that at the points where they meet the arc of the circle formed by the supporting band 9, these ends will be equally spaced.
  • the angular convergence of the blades is such that a person viewing either of such light beams, from the normal position of elevation, either as a pedestrian at the roadside, or asa driver of another ap- .proaching automobile, will have the light rays which would normally be directly reflected into his line of vision froma portion ofthe reflector, intercepted.
  • the depth of the blades and their spacing is so arranged that the desired effect is accomplished when the observer comes within the effective range of'the light beam and of course it will be seen that closer heapproaches the a lamp on a line which will enable him to pass 60 to one side of it the more efiectively the glare is diminished.
  • a supportmg ring 9 is provide having formed upon its inner periphery, before it is formed into a circle, shallow slots 12 into which the opposite ends of the blades are inserted and which are of such width that the blades are temporarily held in position by frictional engagement.
  • the blades are permanently secured by surrounding ,theuing 9 with a locking ring 13, the edges 14 and 15 of which are crimped over, to completely enclose the ring 9. and to extend sufliciently within the area thereof to engage both the front and rear edges of the blades, thus preventing their removal from the slots.
  • the anti-glare device is secured in a headlight in the position shown in Fig. 1 by any suitable means and in the several figures ,I have shown a plurality of radially extending ears 16 which fit within a space between the rear face of the lens/1, and the rim of the lamp which is provided when the bezel is removed and replaced with the parts in their operative position.
  • Fig. 6 I have disclosed another way in which the blades may be assembled.
  • the blades, indicated by 6, 7 and8 have their upper ends formed with a lip portion 20 whichis bent over, as shown in Fig. 7, and acts as a spacer for the adjacent leaf.
  • These lips are only about one half the width of the blades for the purpose of providing a shoulder 21.
  • the several blades when assembled fit within a recess 22 formed in the upper edge of the supporting ring 23.
  • the outer supporting ring may be omitted asdllustrated in'the modification shown in-Fig. 8.
  • the blades are preferably made with their upper ends as described in connection with' 7 and with laterally extendinglower ends 24, those on adjacent blades projecting over the shoulder on the preceding blade and secured thereto.
  • An anti-glare device for headlights comprising a plurality of blades arranged parallel to the plane of the axisof the beam of light emitted from a headlight, and dis' posed in fan shape relation to each other and substantially converging at one side of the light beam.
  • An anti-glare device for use in conjunction with a reflected beam of light comprising aplurality of thin blades of varying lengths disposed, in' substantially fan shaped relation to each other and located'with their planes parallel to the axis of said light beam.
  • a pluralityvof wedge shaped blades located I in rear of the lens with their forward edges parallel thereto, said blades being disposed with their narrower ends uppermost and in planes parallel to the axis of the reflector which converge toward a point located vertically above said axis.
  • A11 anti-glare device for light rays emitted from head lights comprising a band ring of a diameter to encircle the pencil of rays and provided with transverse slots, a
  • a device of the character described comprising a ring having transverse slots formed in its inner circumference, a 'plurality of blades having their ends held in slots at opposite sides of the ring and a second ring surrounding the first ring and having inwardly extending edges overlying the ends of said slots.

Description

A. R. DE TARTAS ANTIGLARE ATTACHMENT F613 HEADLIGHTS Filed Dec.13, 192's 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR flugwzga R de Tania:
' ATTORNEY Aug. 7, 1928.
A. R. TARTAS ANTIGLARE ATTACHMENT FOR HEADLIGHTS Filed Dec. 13, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 lNVENTOR W ATTORNEY Patented vAug. 7, 1928.
UNITED STATES v 1,680,037 PATENT OFFICE.
AUGUSTUS R. DE TARTAS, OF LONG ISLAND CITY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO EMERY C. WELLER AND E. WOODWARD DUKE, BOTH OF NEW YORK, Y., AND'J'OHN B.
CORNELL, OF ORANGE, NEW JERSEY,
ANTIGLARE ATTACHMENT FOR HEADLIGHTS Application filed December 13, 1926. Serial No. 154,348.
My present invention generally'stated has for its object to provide a device adapted to be used in conjunction with a source of illumination for reducing the glare of the beam of light in'the eyes of the observer without materially diminishing its effect in the intended field of illumination. More specifically my invention has for its object to provide an anti-glare device which ma m be used as an attachment for headlights, such as automobile headlights, whereby the blinding efi'ect of a strong beam of light may be obviated without limiting the intensityv of the projected beam, either for illumination of objects at adistance and in a dlrect line with the lamp, or objects in areas at the side and front of the lamp by the laterally dispersed rays intended for this purpose.
To these and other ends my invention consists in certain improvements and combina tions of parts all as will be further described and particularly pointed out in the claims at the end of this specification.
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a vertical cross sectional view of an automobile headlight illustrating an antiglare device embodying my invention ap plied thereto.
Fig.2 is a front elevation of a commercial form of the device.
Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the structure shown in Fig. 2, slightly enlarged.
Fig. 4 is a vertical central sectional view.
Fig.5 is a detail illustration showing the slots formed in the inner surface of the blade supporting ring.
Fig. 6 is a perspective view showing a modification of the means employed for mounting the blades. v
Fig. 7 is a detail view of the upper end of one of the blades as they are used in the form shown in Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 2 illustrating the manner in which the blades may be formed and assembled to obviate the use of a separate supporting ring.
Fig. 9 is a horizontal sectional view illustrating a modification of the invention in which the blades are molded integrally on the face of a cover glass or headlight lens, and Fig. 10 is a similar view showing metal ribs secured to the face of the cover glass. Similar reference. characters in the several figures indicate similar parts,
In carrying out my invention, I employ a plurality of thin blades arranged side by side with their planes parallel to the axis of the light beam so that the direct or for Wardly projected rays are not diverted. These blades are disposed sufficiently far apart so as not to diminish the intensity of the light beam, but are of such a depth that rays which would otherwise be reflected into the eyes of an observer, located slightly at one side of the axis of the light beam and at a' distance from the lamp, will be cut off. Further the blades are disposed relatively to each other as by arranging them in fan shape or in substantially radial position, from a point at one side of the light beam so that a given portion or sector of the beam will be diminished in intensity to such a point that the otherwise blinding effect of that portion of the beam, or pencil of rays, may be eliminated. In connection with automobile head lights the portion of the beam which causes most inconvenience to observers, especially the drivers of approaching cars, is that formed by the upwardly and laterally reflected rays, hence I converge the blades toward a polnt or points disposed vertically above the axis of the beam.
'In illustrating my present invention I have shown the device in use with an automobile type of headlight comprising a source of illumination such as an incandescent electric lamp 1 located in the focal point of a parabolic reflector 2 enclosed in the usual lamp housing or casing 3. The latter also encloses a glass front piece or lens 4 removably held in place by a bezel 5. Lamps of this character are usually constructed, either by shaping the reflector specially, or providing the lens with special curvatures, so that a certain amount of side illumination is obtained at a given distance in front of the lamp by dispersion of a portion of the light rays, while the maximum illumination is obtained directly forward. The height of the beam may be regulated by the set position of the lamp, or by the shape of the lens surface and in 'many localities of the country the intensity of the light beam and its height is governed by State laws, or municipal regulations. These factors, however, are not susceptible to exact control as the height of a projected light beam may vary in accordance with the load carried by a vehicle at (life light may be varied by such simple mattersas I the age of the lamp filament or the voltage of the storage battery supplying the current. It will beseen therefore, that in an antiglare device, it is desirable to provide a structure that is adapted for use universally under all conditions of operation and may be quickly and easily'attached to any type of head light.
- I accomplish these desired results by utilizing a series of blades, preferably of thin metal disposed with their planes parallel 'to the. axis of the light beam. The central blade 6 extends vertically and at the right and left hand sides thereof are a series of similar blades 7 and 8 Each of these series of blades extends in converging lines toward the top of the blade 6, but preferably not to a common center oripoint disposed vertically above the center of the axis of the-light beamQ The arrangement adapted is one which provides'a slight spacing be tween the converging ends of adjacent blades, and consists in disposing the blades at opposite sides of the center in pairs with their lower ends spaced 'equidistantly and their upper ends converging at such angles that at the points where they meet the arc of the circle formed by the supporting band 9, these ends will be equally spaced.
' The. light beam emitted from an auto- 'mobile headlight is theoretically circular in cross section and the lamp reflector together with the lens, is desi'gnedto' afford maximum illumination witha lamp of given candle power. Moreover on automobiles there are provided two headlights which are spaced apart and at a fixed distance above the road- .bed and these facts. influence slightly the design adapted for the anti-glare attachment. The arrangement of the artsdescribed renders the devices capab ef of use upon both right and left hand automobile headlights. The angular convergence of the blades is such that a person viewing either of such light beams, from the normal position of elevation, either as a pedestrian at the roadside, or asa driver of another ap- .proaching automobile, will have the light rays which would normally be directly reflected into his line of vision froma portion ofthe reflector, intercepted. The depth of the blades and their spacing is so arranged that the desired effect is accomplished when the observer comes within the effective range of'the light beam and of course it will be seen that closer heapproaches the a lamp on a line which will enable him to pass 60 to one side of it the more efiectively the glare is diminished.
In Figs. 4 and 5, I have shown in detail a manner in which the blades may be effectively secured in osition. A supportmg ring 9 is provide having formed upon its inner periphery, before it is formed into a circle, shallow slots 12 into which the opposite ends of the blades are inserted and which are of such width that the blades are temporarily held in position by frictional engagement. The blades are permanently secured by surrounding ,theuing 9 with a locking ring 13, the edges 14 and 15 of which are crimped over, to completely enclose the ring 9. and to extend sufliciently within the area thereof to engage both the front and rear edges of the blades, thus preventing their removal from the slots.
The anti-glare device is secured in a headlight in the position shown in Fig. 1 by any suitable means and in the several figures ,I have shown a plurality of radially extending ears 16 which fit within a space between the rear face of the lens/1, and the rim of the lamp which is provided when the bezel is removed and replaced with the parts in their operative position.
In Fig. 6, I have disclosed another way in which the blades may be assembled. In this figure the blades, indicated by 6, 7 and8 have their upper ends formed with a lip portion 20 whichis bent over, as shown in Fig. 7, and acts as a spacer for the adjacent leaf. These lips are only about one half the width of the blades for the purpose of providing a shoulder 21. The several blades when assembled fit within a recess 22 formed in the upper edge of the supporting ring 23. e
If desired the outer supporting ring may be omitted asdllustrated in'the modification shown in-Fig. 8. In this structure the blades are preferably made with their upper ends as described in connection with' 7 and with laterally extendinglower ends 24, those on adjacent blades projecting over the shoulder on the preceding blade and secured thereto.
and 8 are particularly adapted to a method of manufacture in which the blades in one instance are united togetherand in the other where they are held in a supporting ring,
The structures shown in Figs. 6 I
"by dipping the assembled .parts in solder a lens will be. quite satisfactory due to the breaking up of the reflected rays by the refraction occurring in the several converging ribs or blades of the glass. *If desired these blades may be rendered opaque by coating either one or both of their sides with a suitable paint.
- of light emitted from a headlight, and dis-- posed in fan shape relation to each other, converging substantially at a point other than a point located in the axis of said light beam.
2. An anti-glare device for headlights comprising a plurality of blades arranged parallel to the plane of the axisof the beam of light emitted from a headlight, and dis' posed in fan shape relation to each other and substantially converging at one side of the light beam.
3. An anti-glare device for use in conjunction with a reflected beam of light comprising aplurality of thin blades of varying lengths disposed, in' substantially fan shaped relation to each other and located'with their planes parallel to the axis of said light beam.
4. An anti-glade device'for use in con unc tion with a reflected beam of light-comprisi ing a plurality of blades disposed with their.
planes parallel to the axis of the light beamand in substantially fan shaped relation t6 each other, the points of conversion of the. several blades being located at one side ofv and. beyond the edge of said light beam.
5. The combination with a headlight embodying an illuminating element, a reflector,
. and a lens in front of the latter, of a plurality of blades located'm rear of the lens and disposed in planes parallelto the axis of the reflector which converge toward the top of the lens.
6. The combination with la headlight embodying a lamp, a reflector and a lens, of
a pluralityvof wedge shaped blades located I in rear of the lens with their forward edges parallel thereto, said blades being disposed with their narrower ends uppermost and in planes parallel to the axis of the reflector which converge toward a point located vertically above said axis.
' 7. A11 anti-glare device for light rays emitted from head lights comprising a band ring of a diameter to encircle the pencil of rays and provided with transverse slots, a
plurality of thin blades extending substantially in fan shaped relation across the ring and having their ends entering the slots, and means for securing the blades in the slots.
8. A device of the character described comprising a ring having transverse slots formed in its inner circumference, a 'plurality of blades having their ends held in slots at opposite sides of the ring and a second ring surrounding the first ring and having inwardly extending edges overlying the ends of said slots.
9. An anti-glare device for a beam of: light emitted from a. head light comprising a plurality of blades in the form of irregular quadrilaterals, their width tapering from a point toward the two ends, the longer tapering portions convergingat one side of the light beam axis, said blades also being dis posed with their straight edges in a plane substantially at beam. g
AUGUSTUS R. DE TARTAS.
right angles to "the light
US15434826 1926-12-13 1926-12-13 Antiglare attachment for headlights Expired - Lifetime US1680037A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2405428A1 (en) * 1977-10-07 1979-05-04 Eclairage Tech LUMINAIRES UPGRADES
US5383102A (en) * 1992-11-25 1995-01-17 Tenebraex Corporation Illumination apparatus and reflection control techniques

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2405428A1 (en) * 1977-10-07 1979-05-04 Eclairage Tech LUMINAIRES UPGRADES
US4261028A (en) * 1977-10-07 1981-04-07 Adam Marie H H Luminaires
US5383102A (en) * 1992-11-25 1995-01-17 Tenebraex Corporation Illumination apparatus and reflection control techniques

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