US1679152A - Hydrocarbon burner - Google Patents

Description

INVENTOR. GEORGE BOWEN ATTORNEYS.

G. W. BOWEN HYDROCARBON BURNER Flled Aug. ll, 1926 um, o

July 3l, 1928.

Patented July 31, 1928.

UNITED STATES GEORGE W. BOWEN, OF SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA.

nYnRocARBoN BURNER.

Application filed August 11, 1926. Serial No. 128,673.

My invention relates to hydrocarbon burners, and the objects of my invention are: first, to provide a hydrocarbon burner in which fuel oil is initially broken up and mixed with steam or compressed air, and upon being discharged from the nozzle end Aof the burner as an ignitable substance is further broken up and mixed with a stream of air which expedites and facilitates complete combustion of the h drocarbons, thus increasing the efficiency o the burner; second, to provide a hydrocarbon burner having an adjustable air nozzle near the discharge or nozzle end thereof, said air conductor or air nozzle having means in its interior for creating a whirling motion of the air passing therethrough and discharged at the nozzle end of the burner, the discharge end of the air conductor or air nozzle being directed toward the center 0r Vaxis of the fuel discharge nozzle of the burner; third, to provide a hydrocarbon burner constructed of a plurality of concentric tubular conductors for discharging fluids to a common mixing chamber at one end of said conductors, there being provided in the mixing chamber valve means for variously controlling the discharge of fluids from said conductors to said mixing chamber; fourth, to provide novel valve means for hydrocarbon burners in which the oil valve may be controlled with and also independently of the steam or other breaking-up fluid controlling valve; fifth, to provide a valve means' for hydrocarbon burners in which the valve for controlling the fuel oil or other fluid is used also for regulating the discharge opening from the mixing chamber of the burner; sixth, to lprovide a valve means for hydrocarbon burners in which the steam valve for controlling the discharge of steam from the steam conductor is provided with fuel oil ports and a valve seat, and when shifted, carries with it a fuel oil valve, said fuel oil valve however beingl so constructed and mounted as to be independently adjustable relative to the steam valve and also relative to the discharge nozzle of the burner, thereby providing a multiple-function regulating valve; seventh, to provide a Vhydrocarbon burner having a plurality ofl concentric steam .and fuel oil conductors and auxiliary fuel oil or steam conductors for supplying auxiliary or vother oil to the burner or for supplying steam oryair 'thereto for combustion purposes or for blowing out the various ports of the burner which may have been clogged; eighth, to provide novel means for conducting air in regulated quantities to the discharge end of the burner and also novel means for varying the position kof impingement of the air with the mixed and reignited atomized fuel; ninth, to provi e a novelly constructed and arranged and highly efficient control valve means for hydrocarbon burners; tenth, to provide a hydrocarbon burner whereby a wide and uniformV column of lire is formed in the lirebox; eleventh, to provide as a whole a novelly constructed hydrocarbon burner, one which is simple and economical of construction proportionateto its functions, one which is` highly eflicient and adapted to various kinds of fuel and large ranges of heat requirement, which is durable and which will not readily deteriorate or get out of order.

lVith these and other objects in view, as will appear hereinafter, my invention consists of certain novel features of construction, combination and arrangement of parts and portions, as will be hereinafter described in detail and particularly set forth in the appended claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the characters of reference thereon, which form a part of this application, in which:

Fig 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of my burner taken through the longitudinal axis thereof and showing certain parts and portions in elevation to facilitate the illustration; Fig. 2 is an enlarged transverse scctional view taken through the mixing chamber of the burner, the view being taken through 2-2 of Fig. l, and Fig. 3 is another transverse sectional view thereof taken through 3-3 of Fig. l showing particularly the auxiliary steam and fuel oil conductor and means for adjusting the same.

vLike characters of reference refer to similar parts and portions throughout the sev-v eral views of the drawings. I

The oil conductor l, steam eenduetor 2,

air conductors 3 and 4, auxiliary conductor 5, nozzle 6, loclr nut 7, fittings 8, 9, and 11, flange 1Q, stuffing box `eflands 12, 13, 14 and 15, steam valve Vmember 16, oil and burner-control valve member 17, valve rod 18, yoke 19, adjustingV nut 20, screw 21, yoke 22, adjusting' nut 23, screw 24, adjusting screw Q5, oil valve QG, steam valve 27, butterfly air-control valve 28, T-litting 29, auxiliary oil valve 30. steam valve 31 and the flexible conductors 32 and constitute the principal parts and portions of my hydrocarbon burner. V-

The conductors 1, 2, 3, and 4 are tubular and are positioned respectively around each other in concentric relation. To the forward end of the oil conductor 1 is adjustably mounted the main discharge nozzle 6, the nozzle fitting' over the outer or externally tlu'eaded portion of the conductor 1. The nozzle (3 is provided with inverted conical surfaces at its inner and outerl sides forming' a iin edge at its opening. The inner eonicalror bevelled surface of the nozzle serves as a valve seat as will be described hereafter. i

The nozzle 6 is locked in position by a lock uut 7. which is provided yat its inner end with external threads to which is scoured the forward end of the steam yconductor 2. i y

To the rear or outer end of the oil conductor 1 is secured a 'if-fitting 8, the side outlet of which is connected to the oil control valve QG and to a, source of fuel oil under pressure. To the rear end of the steam conductor is also secured a "lfittingl 9, the side outlet of which is connected to a steam control valve 27 and to a suitable boiler, not shown. in the rear end of the fitting 9, opposite the steam conductor is provided a stuffing' box `eland 13 through which extends the rear or outer end of the oil conductor 1. To the rear or outer end of the air conduct-or 3 is secured the frm-lifting 10, to the run end of which opposite the air conductor is sccured a. flange fitting 12, which is secured to the portion of the steam conductor 2 extending baclrwardly from said fitting 10. In the side outlet of the Pl`ittin a' 10 is mounted a butterfly valve 28 for controlling,` the supply of air to the air conductors 3 and 4, and to the forward end of the discharge nozzle G.

The air conductor is telescopic and con- 'sts of the tubular members 3 and 4, the former being' reduced at `its forward end and the latter beine: eounterbored at its lrear end, the counterbored'portion of the conductor 4 litting over the reduced `portion of f the conductor 3 as shown in Figure 1. To

the conductor 8 is secured ai lug' 3 in which is revolubly mounted an adjusting screw which extends forwardly through a 1115214@ extending, outwardly from the rear end of the conductor 4, as shown.

In the interior of the air conductor 4 are provided helically shaped vanes 4b which provide helical channels in the interior of the air conductor 4 causing' a. whirling;` motion of the air as it leaves the forward or nozzle end of the conduct-or 4. lt will be here noted that the forward end of said conductor is slightly constricted, forming),l a nozzle, as indicated by 4c, so as to direct the air towardsthe axis and in front of the nozzle 6.

In the wall near the forward end of the fuel oil conductor l is provided a plurality of forwardly directed orifices 11 which conneet t-he passageI between the oil and stean'i' conductors with thev mixing` chamber posi tioned at the forward end of the oil conductor and inwardly from the nozzle 6; lVithin the conductor 1 or in the mixing chamber of the burner is reciprocally mounted a cylinder'valve 1G which is secured at its rear end to t-he forward end of the auxiliary conductor 5 which extends backward ly through the oil conductor and through a stulllnp` box gland 14 mounted in the run portion of the T-fitting S at the end thereof opposite the conductor 1. The steam valve lyengages the inner surface of the oil conductor and, when shifted forwardly, covers the forwardly directed orifices 1a. `interme- "diate the central portion and the periphery ofthe steam valve 1Gare provided a plurality of longitudinally extendingr ports 1Gn which connect the oil passage between the conductors 1 and 5 with the mixing' chamber of the burner.

VVithin the mixing chamber of the burner is also reciprocally mounted the oil valve member 17 which consists ofV a disc having guide lugs 17fL atits periphery to space the yvalve member from the inner wall of the oil conductor. The forward and rear ends of thev oil valve member 17 are provided with conical portions 17) and 170, respectively, which are adapted to enga-ge respectively the `valve seats at the inner portion of the nozzle .G and a correspondingly shaped valve seat 1Gb at the forward end of 'the cylindrical steam valve 1G, as shown in Figa gui-es 1 and 2. To the valve member 17 is secured a valve stem. 18 which extends baclrwardly through the auxiliary conductor through the T-Iitting` 11 secured to the rear or outer end of the conductor 5, and also through the stuffing box gland 15 secured to the run end of the fitting' 11 opposite the end secured tothe conductor 5.

Y To `the conductor 5 at the portion thereof between the fitting 11 and the stufline box `gland 14, is mounted a. yoke 22, having a 4slot 22a at its one or preferably upper side,

The fitting 8 is provided at its rear end and i at its upper side with an upwardly extendthereof in the `mixing chamber.

lit)

ing lug 8a to which is secured the adjusting screw 24 on which is mounted the adjusting nut 23 of relatively large diameter,the peripheral portion of .said adjusting nut exi tending into the slot 22a of the yoke 22 lfor adjusting the conductor 5, and therefore the steam valve 16, when screwing the nut 23 forwardly or backwardly.

The end of the valvefstem 18 extending ba-ckwardly through the stufling box gland 15, is also provided with a yoke 19 which is adjusted by an adjusting nut 20 which is screwably mounted on the adjusting screw 21 mounted in a lug 11a extending` upwardly at the-rear end of the fitting 11 as shown in Figure 1 of the drawings.

To the side outlet of the fitting 11 is connected another T-litting 29, the other outlets of which are connected to flexible conductors 32 and 33, connected respectively to a fuel oil or other fuel supply and to a steam or compressed air supply. Intermediate the T-fitting 29 and the iexible conductors 32 and 33 are positioned valves 30 and 31 respectively, as shown best in Figure 1.

The air control valve permits the air chamber to be shortened or lengthened so that the air may be delivered at the most advantageous point vin front of the nozzle or efficient and complete combustion of the uel.

By closing the steam valve and using only the two inner tubes or conductors, the burner can be operated with 'a minimum amount of steam and oil, developing a very small flame at the nozzle without increasing the velocity at the nozzle. The inner conductor, while primarily used to control the steam valve, is particularly adapted to the use of distillate or any light combustile fluid for the burner.

Closing the oil valve member towards the forward end of the steam valve causes the flow of oil through the ports 16a to be diverted in a thin film to the side walls of the mixing chamber. The steam, entering through the steam ports 1a under amaxiymumvelocity, comes in contact with the oil,

causing a. maximum amount ,of disintegration of the oil, and insuring the atomization Closing the valve member 17 towards the seat of the nozzle, increases the velocity of the fuel mixture atthe nozzle and provides means of maintaining velocity at the nozzle without change of the nozzle opening.

Closing the steam valve to a point where all steam ports are closed and closing the oil valve'very close to the nozzle seat and using the oil valve stem tube or the conductor 5 as a means `for the transmission of light oils or dist-illates to the nozzle and 'using the oil valve tube as a` steam 'or air supply, the burner can be operated at a very the burner.

hight rate of efficiency with the lighter grade oils. By controlling the steam at the nozzle, a wide range of steam pressure `is possible without diminishing the efiiciency of Vhen using very low steam pressure, the steam valve can .be opened to the maximum extent, thereby allowing a greater volume of steam to flow to the' mix ing chamber, the small steam ports maintaining velocity through the mixing chamber and the nozzle. y

By moving the nozzle end of the air conductor, combustion can be governed to the extent of holding the flame close to the nozzle or several inches from the end thereof. Also with the whirling air created by the air conductor 4, a large volume of fire is created in the furnace from near the burner to the maximum extent inwardly. The whirling motion of the air as it leaves the nozzle end of the air conductor 4 tends to break up any un-atomized portion of the oils that pass through the nozzle of the mixing` chamber.

Though I khave shown and described a particular construction, combination and arrangement of parts and portions, I do not wish to be limited to this particular construction combination and arrangement, but desire to include in the scope of my invention the construction., combination and arrangement substantially asset forth in the appending claims.

Having thus described my invention, what l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: Y

1. ln a hydrocarbon burner, oil, steam and air conductors positioned concentrically with respect to each other, a mixing chamber positioned at the coincidentends vof said oil and steam conductors, a nozzle positioned at one endof said mixing chamber, a cylinder steam valve reciprocally mounted in said mixing chamber adapted to cover and uncover orifices in lsaid steam conductor and provided with oil ports therein and with a valve seat at its forward end, and an oil valve member reciprocally mounted in said mixing chamber adapted to engage the seat at the forward end of said steam valve.

2. In a: hydrocarbon burner, oil, steam andA air conductors positioned concentricallyV with respectto each other, a mixing cham.- ber positioned at the coincident ends of said oil `and steam conductors, a nozzle positioned at one end of said mixing chamber. a cylinder steam valve reciprocally mounted in said mixing chamber adapted to cover and uncover orifices in said'steam conductorvand provided with oil ports therein and 'usl lil

valve, said nozzle being provided at its inner side with a valve seat adapted also to be enga-ged by said oil valve member for controlling the discharge opening of said mixing chamber at said nozzle.

8. In a hydrocarbon burner, oil and steam conductors positioned concentrifcally with respect to each other and terminating substantially at their coincident ends, a mixing chamber positioned at the forward ends of said oil and steam conductors and communication therewith, a nozzle positioned at the one end of said mixing chamber, a cylinder steam valve reciprocally mounted in said mixing chamber adapted to cover and uncover orifices in said steam conductor and provided with oil ports therein and with a valve seat at its forward end, and an oil valve member reciprocally mounted in said mixing chamber adapted to engage the seat at the forward end of said steam valve.

l. In a hydrocarbon burner, oil and steam conductors positioned concentrically with respect to each other and terminating substantially at their coincident ends, a mixing chamber positioned at the forward ends of said oil and steam conductors and communicating therewith, a nozzle positioned at the one end of said mixing chamber, a cylinder steam valve reciprocally mounted in said mixing chamber adapted to cover and uncover orifices in said steam conductor and provided with oil ports therein and with a valve seat at its forward end, and an oil valve member reciprocally mounted in said mixing chamber adapted to engage the seat at the forward ends' of said steam valve, said nozzle being provided at its inner side with a valve seat adapted also to be engaged by said oil valve member for controlling the discharge opening of said mixing chamber at said nozzle.

5. In a hydrocarbon burner, three fluid conductors positioned concentrically with each other, the two outer conductors being substantially fixed with respect to each other and provided at their forward ends with a nozzle. means on the intermediate conductor for adjusting the central conductor longitudinally, the walls of said intermediate conductor being provided with discharge orifices near its forward end adapted to connect said outer conductor with a mixing chamber at the forward end of said central conductor. and a valve secured to the forward end of said central conductor and adjustable therewith, said valve being adapted to cover and uncover the orifices in said intermediate conductor.

6. In a hydrocarbon burner, three fluid conductors' positioned concentrically with each other, the two outer conductorsjbeing substantially fixedwith 4respect to each other and provided at their forward ends with a nozzle, means on the intermediate conductor for adjusting the central conductor longitudinally, the forward end of said intermediate conductor being provided with discharge orifices near its forward end adapted to discharge into a mixing chamber at the forward end of said central conductor, a valve secured to the forward end of said central conductor and adjustable therewith, said valve being adapted to cover and uncover the orifices in said intermediate conductor, said valve being provided with longitudinal ports adapted to connect the passage between said intermediate conductor and said central conductor with said mixing chamber, and another valve reciprocally 4mounted in said mixing chamber and spaced from the inner walls thereof and adapted to be adjusted relative to said first mentioned valve and said central conductor for closing the ports in said first mentioned valve and the foward end of said central conductor and also adapted to be adjusted relative to said nozzle for controlling the discharge of fluid therethrough.

7 In a hydrocarbon burner, three fluid conductors positioned concentrieally with each other, the two outer conductors being substantially fixed with respect. to each other and provided at their forward ends with a nozzle, means on the intermediate conductor for adjusting the central conductor longitudinally, the forward `end of said intermediate conductor being provided with discharge orifices near its forward end adapted to discharge into a mixing chamber at the forward end of said central conductor and adjustable therewith, said valve being adapted to cover and uncover the orifices in said intermediate conductor, said valve being provided with longitudinall ports adapted to connect the passage between said intermediate conductor and said central conductor with said mixing chamber, another valve reciprocally mounted in said mixing chamber and spaced from the inner walls thereof and adapted to be adjusted relative to said first mentioned valve and said central conductor for closing` the ports in said first mentioned valve and the forward end of said central conductor and also adapted to be adjusted relative to said nozzle for controlling the discharge fluid therethrough, a valve stem secured to said other valve and extending backwardly through said central conductor, and means ou said central conductor for adjusting said valve stem.

8. In a hydrocarbon burner, a steam conductor, an air conductor positioned around said steanieonductor and adjustable relative thereto, an oil conductor positioned within said steam conductor and secured relative thereto, an auxiliary conductor positioned within said oil conductor. a mixing chamber at the forward end of said oil conductor, a nozzle at the forward end of said oil conliu ductor in front ofv Said miXnOr chamber, valve means 1n said mixing Cham er, a valve controlled conductor communicating With said first mentioned air conductor, a Valvel said irst mentionedv ol conductor and combined steam. and oil controlled conductors communicating with said auxiliary eondue-V 10 tor. l

kIn testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at San Diego, California, this 31stk day of July, 19.26.

Y GEORGE W. BOWEN.

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