US1669589A - Power-line signaling system - Google Patents

Power-line signaling system Download PDF

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Publication number
US1669589A
US1669589A US5974A US597425A US1669589A US 1669589 A US1669589 A US 1669589A US 5974 A US5974 A US 5974A US 597425 A US597425 A US 597425A US 1669589 A US1669589 A US 1669589A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
aerial
power line
circuit
wave
capacity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US5974A
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English (en)
Inventor
Harold H Buttner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AT&T Corp
Original Assignee
Western Electric Co Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL18434D priority Critical patent/NL18434C/xx
Application filed by Western Electric Co Inc filed Critical Western Electric Co Inc
Priority to US5974A priority patent/US1669589A/en
Priority to GB14211/25A priority patent/GB246785A/en
Priority to FR600925D priority patent/FR600925A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1669589A publication Critical patent/US1669589A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
    • H04B3/56—Circuits for coupling, blocking, or by-passing of signals

Definitions

  • This invention relates to communication by means of high frequency waves and more particularly to connnunieation 'over power lines by superimposing the high frequency waves upon power currents traversing the power lines.
  • the band of frequencies transmitted by the circuit including the aerialpower-line-conductor capacity must be sufficiently'wide to include both frequencies. If this circuit is a flatly tuned circuit, there are two features of its operation which are capable of considerable improvement. One is to make the circuit moreetficient at each of the two frequencies employed. The other feature which is characteristic of some, but
  • species of the invention as described hereinafter is that of making the circuit discriminate against waves of frequencies lying between the employed frequencies as well as those lying above the higher, and below the lower employed frequency.
  • a further object is to provide a coupling means for power. line signaling adapted to transmit waves within the desired frequency bands and surpass waves of other frequencies.
  • a still further object is to provide a coupling means capable of passing both transmitting and receiving bands with-a minimum amount of attenuation.
  • a feature of the invention consists in u 31, 1925. Serial No. 5,974.
  • the aerial coupling the si naling apparatus to the power line may fie either of the form of a single long wire parallel to the power line and insulated therefrom or may consist of separate aerial structures, one'of which is connected to the power line and the other to the signaling apparatus. In either case, a capacity coupling between the power line and the apparatus is obtained;
  • Fig. 2 is a modification of the system of Fig. 1 to a two-wire transmission system.
  • Fig. 3 is a modification of Fig. 1 wherein coupling aerials are employed.
  • Fig. 4 is a modification of Fig. 2 employing coupling aerials.
  • Fig. 5 is an equivalent circuit to that of Figs. 1-to 4.
  • Fig. 6 is a series of curves illustrating transmission characteristics of two forms of the invention.
  • Fig. 7 is an adaptation of the system of Fig. 1 designed topo'ssess a modified transmission characteristic.
  • Fig. 8 is an adaptation of the circuit of Fig. 7 to a two-wire transmission system.
  • Aerial wire 4 includes series condenser 53 and is terminated in filter section 6 to obtain the desired transmission characteristic as will be hereinafter explained.
  • Condensers 7 and 8 rep resent the distributed capacity of the aerial.
  • aerial capacities 8 are typical of capacityelements for coupling terminal elements and apparatus to the transmission line but the invention 1s not limited to the use of aerial capacities as oil condensers or equivalent elements may in some cases be employed.
  • Fig. 2 signaling apparatus 1 is connected to power line 2 but insulated therefrom. In this and each succeeding figure the apparatus 1 is intended to indicate bothtransmitting and receiving circuits and devlces.
  • Aerial wires 4 are terminated in filter section 6.
  • Series condensers 5 are inserted in the aerial as in Fig. 1.
  • Condensers 7 and 8 represent the equivalent distributed capacity of the aerial 4 to ground and to power line 2, respectivel
  • the system shown in Fig. 3 is simi ar to that shown in Fig. 1, corresponding reference numbers being used to designate analogous parts.
  • Capacity 8 of Fig. 1, the distributed capacity between the aerial wires 4 and power line 2 is obtained physically in Fig. 3 by coupling aerials 8, one of which is connected to power line 2 and the other to a signaling line 4.
  • the signaling line 4 is terminated in filter section 6 similar tothat shown inFig. 1 and presents a system electrically equivalent thereto.
  • Fig. 4 shows the electrical equivalent of the system shown inFig. 2" wherein capacities 8 areobtained by separate aerial structures instead of the distributed capacity of a single line in parallel relationship to the power line.
  • the remaining parts of Fig. 4 are analo one to correspondingly'numbered parts of ig.'2.
  • the factor of safety is materially increased.
  • the aerial-to-line capacity is more or less distributed whereas the aerial-to-aerial capacity is lumped.
  • Figs. 1 to 4 An explanation of the operation oi: Figs. 1 to 4 can best be made by referring to the analogous circuit of Fig. 5 wherein inductance 3 corresponds to the inductance of terminal apparatus 1, including that of transformer 3 in Figs. 2 and 4.
  • Capacity 7 corresponds to the distributed capacity represented as condensers 7 in Figs. 1 to 4
  • capacity 9 and inductance 10 correspond to tuned circuit 6, and capacity 5 is analogous to the correspondingly numbered capacities of Figs. 1 to 4.
  • curve a represents the characteristic of a system having two de grees of freedom wherein at two frequencies represeiited by the peaks of curve a, the
  • a characteristic feature of this circuit is an aerial coupled to a transmission conductor by capacity coupling having atransmitting and receiving apparatus connected to one end of the aerial and a tuned terminating circuit connected to the other end.
  • Fig.- 7 is a modification of the system of Fig. 1-
  • Fig. is an adaptation of the system of Fig. 2 to correspond to the system shown in Fig. 7 for two-wire communication. Correspondingly numbered parts have similar functions.
  • filter sec tions will be chosen to give band pass characteristics similiar to that shown in curve b of Fig. .6. u
  • the size and number of the irregular ripples of this curve may be controlled by changing the. number of sections of the filter and the terminating impedances or both.
  • the invention is not limited to the use of networks containing filter sections of the kind illustrated but may employ other types of section. The principles of design of such networks are set forth in UTSTfpatcut to Campbell, 1,227,113, May 22, 1917 and in an article by Campbell in the Bell System Technical Journal vol. 1, No. 2 en.-
  • the physical length of a system of this type is limited to' a portion of the length of the transmitted wave as measured on the power line conductor. Current in each'filter section will be in the same phase. If this current is applied to the transmisslon line at points a half wave length apart which would be at opposite potential no transfer would take place. The limiting case wouldbe one half wave length above which any addition in the-number of sections would decrease the si nal strength. Maximum effectiveness is o tained by utilizing a portion of the power line equal to approximately one quarter wave length of the si nal wave.
  • the wave length referred to here 1 s the wave length of a wave on the transmission lineand not on the coupling network.
  • the coupling network will in general be several wave lengths in electrical len h but its physical length will in general e less than one-half a wave length on the power or other transmission line.
  • a wave signaling system comprising a means for eapacitatively coup ing said line and said apparatus comprising an extended transmission line signaling apparatus and,
  • a system for duplex communication over hnes COHlPllSll'lg a recelvmg circuit esigned to operate on a predetermined wave frequency, a transmitting circuit de- I signed to-operate on a different wave frequency, means for capacitatively coupling said circuits to said power line comprising 7 an aerial associated with said power line, and means including a terminating 1m dance for said aerial at the end remote rom said circuits adapted to cooperate with the distributed capacity of the aerial.
  • said coupling means a wave filter selective to waves of both transmitting and receiving frequencies.
  • a transmitting conductor and means for effecting transference of wave energy between said conductor and terminal apparatus comprising a plurality of conductive elements constituting electrostatic capacities, one electrode of each of which is in conductive relation to said conductor, said elements being spaced along' said conductor.
  • a transmitting conductor and means 7 for effecting transference of wave energy between said conductor and a terminal circuit comprising a plurality of electrostatic ele-iments distributed along said circuit and sep arated by impedance element/s. 6.
  • An arrangement for' transferring energy to or from a transmission circuit comprising electric capacities at physically HAROLD H; BUTTN ER.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
US5974A 1925-01-31 1925-01-31 Power-line signaling system Expired - Lifetime US1669589A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL18434D NL18434C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1925-01-31
US5974A US1669589A (en) 1925-01-31 1925-01-31 Power-line signaling system
GB14211/25A GB246785A (en) 1925-01-31 1925-05-29 Power line carrier wave signalling system
FR600925D FR600925A (fr) 1925-01-31 1925-07-20 Système électrique de signalisation utilisant une ligne à haute tension

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US5974A US1669589A (en) 1925-01-31 1925-01-31 Power-line signaling system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1669589A true US1669589A (en) 1928-05-15

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US5974A Expired - Lifetime US1669589A (en) 1925-01-31 1925-01-31 Power-line signaling system

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US1669589A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR600925A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB246785A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL18434C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4912553A (en) * 1986-03-28 1990-03-27 Pal Theodore L Wideband video system for single power line communications

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4912553A (en) * 1986-03-28 1990-03-27 Pal Theodore L Wideband video system for single power line communications

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB246785A (en) 1926-07-08
NL18434C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR600925A (fr) 1926-02-18

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